Search results for "RESPIRATORY SYSTEM"
showing 10 items of 1829 documents
Clinical aspects of the apparent diffusion coefficient in 3He MRI: results in healthy volunteers and patients after lung transplantation.
2007
Purpose To measure the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) after inhalation of hyperpolarized 3He in healthy volunteers and lung transplant recipients, and demonstrate the gravity dependence of ADC values. Materials and Methods Six healthy volunteers, 10 patients after single-lung transplantation, and six patients after double-lung transplantation were examined at 1.5T during inspiration and expiration. The inhalation of 300 mL of hyperpolarized 3He was performed with a computer-controlled delivery device. A two-dimensional fast low-angle shot (FLASH) sequence measured the 3He diffusive gas movement. From these data the ADC was calculated. Results The mean ADC was 0.143 cm2/second in healt…
Clinical presentation of patients with suspected obstructive sleep apnea and self-reported physician-diagnosed asthma in the ESADA cohort.
2018
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and asthma are often associated and several studies suggest a bidirectional relationship between asthma and OSA. This study analyzed the characteristics of patients with suspected OSA from the European Sleep Apnea Database according to presence/absence of physician-diagnosed asthma. Cross-sectional data in 16,236 patients (29.1% female) referred for suspected OSA were analyzed according to occurrence of physician-diagnosed asthma for anthropometrics, OSA severity and sleepiness. Sleep structure was assessed in patients studied by polysomnography (i.e. 48% of the sample). The prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma in the entire cohort was 4.8% (7.9% in women, …
Unique sleep-stage transitions determined by obstructive sleep apnea severity, age and gender
2019
In obstructive sleep apnea, patients' sleep is fragmented leading to excessive daytime sleepiness and co-morbidities like arterial hypertension. However, traditional metrics are not always directly correlated with daytime sleepiness, and the association between traditional sleep quality metrics like sleep duration and arterial hypertension is still ambiguous. In a development cohort, we analysed hypnograms from mild (n = 213), moderate (n = 235) and severe (n = 277) obstructive sleep apnea patients as well as healthy controls (n = 105) from the European Sleep Apnea Database. We assessed sleep by the analysis of two-step transitions depending on obstructive sleep apnea severity and anthropom…
An Online Observational Study of Patients With Olfactory and Gustory Alterations Secondary to SARS-CoV-2 Infection
2020
Introduction: Since the beginning of the Covid-19 epidemic produced by SARS2-Cov virus, olfactory alterations have been observed at a greater frequency than in other coronavirus epidemics. While olfactory alterations may be observed in patients with rhinovirus, influenza virus, or parainfluenza virus infection, they are typically explained by nasal obstruction with mucus or direct epithelial damage; in the case of SARS-CoV-2, olfactory alterations may present without nasal congestion with mucus. We performed a study of patients presenting olfactory/gustatory alterations in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection in order to contribute to the understanding of this phenomenon. Material and Method…
Nasal airway in cleft-palate patients: acoustic rhinometric data
1997
The objective of this study was to investigate an instrumental assessment technique for acquiring reproducible, metric data on the nasal airway in cleft-palate associated nasal dysplasia. A consecutive sample of 23 unilateral, 17 bilateral CLP patients and 15 controls with subjective normal nasal patency from a cleft-palate rehabilitation centre were studied. A series of transnasal acoustic measurements (pressure wave: 55 dB for 2 ms) of nasal volume were performed before and after topical decongestion with 2 x 0.3 mg of xylometazoline. A standardized regimen of acoustic parameters of the nasal valve and the adjacent segment of the nasal cavity were calculated. The cleft side yielded a sign…
Obstructive sleep apnoea in adult patients post-tonsillectomy
2021
Background: The impact of removing the upper airway lymphoid tissue and in particular, tonsillectomy, in adults with OSA has not been demonstrated in large populations. Aims: To compare the severity of OSA and the prevalence of cardiovascular, metabolic and respiratory co-morbidities between patients with OSA who had undergone previous tonsillectomy and those who had not. Methods: The 19,711 participants in this study came from the European sleep apnea database (ESADA) which comprises data from unselected adult patients aged 18–80 years with a history of symptoms suggestive of OSA referred to sleep centers throughout Europe. Results: There were no differences between the two groups in terms…
Updated guidelines (2015) for management and monitoring of adult and adolescent asthmatic patients (from 12 years and older) of the Societe de Pneumo…
2016
Revue des Maladies Respiratoires - In Press.Proof corrected by the author Available online since samedi 16 avril 2016
Tiotropium add-on therapy reduces seasonal peaks of asthma worsening in adults with symptomatic severe asthma
2019
Despite the use of preferred controller therapies (including inhaled corticosteroids [ICS] with or without additional long-acting β2-agonists [LABAs]), a large proportion of patients with asthma have poor disease control, leaving them at risk of recurring symptoms and episodes of asthma exacerbations and worsening [1, 2]. Such problems can be triggered by many different environmental factors including pollutants, respiratory infections or allergens [3]. They may occur sporadically, but are often determined by seasons, mirroring seasonal patterns of allergen exposure and prevalence of respiratory viral infection [3, 4]. They can cause reduced quality of life, increase asthma burden [2, 3], a…
Consequences of long-term oral corticosteroid therapy and its side-effects in severe asthma in adults: a focused review of the impact data in the lit…
2018
This review provides an overview of the role of long-term treatment of severe asthma with oral corticosteroids (OCS) and its associated side-effects in adults. It is based on a systematic literature search conducted in MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane Library to identify relevant studies. After a short overview of severe asthma and its treatment we present studies showing a dose–response relationship in asthmatic patients treated with OCS and then consider by organ systems the undesired effects demonstrated in clinical and epidemiological studies in patients with OCS-dependent asthma. It was found that the risk of developing various OCS-related complications, including infections, diabetes …
Airway cells after swimming outdoors or in the sea in nonasthmatic athletes
2003
BONSIGNORE, M. R., G. MORICI, L. RICCOBONO, M. PROFITA, A. BONANNO, A. PATERNO, R. DI GIORGI, L. CHIMENTI, P. ABATE, F. MIRABELLA, A. M. VIGNOLA, and G. BONSIGNORE. Airway Cells after Swimming Outdoors or in the Sea in Nonasthmatic Athletes. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 35, No. 7, pp. 1146–1152, 2003. Marathon runners and elite swimmers showed increased inflammatory cells in the airways at baseline. Although airway neutrophils increase further after a marathon race, the airway response to swimming is unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of swimming on airway cells. To avoid the concomitant effects of chronic exposure to chlorine, the study was conducted in seven nonasth…