Search results for "RETENTION"

showing 10 items of 347 documents

The hippocampal dentate gyrus is essential for generating contextual memories of fear and drug-induced reward

2008

The hippocampus is believed to play a role in processing information relative to the context in which emotionally salient experiences occur but evidence on the specific contribution of the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) to these processes is limited. Here, we have used two classical behavioral paradigms to study the participation of the dorsal DG in context-conditioned reward and context-conditioned fear. Rats received intra-hippocampal vehicle or colchicine injections (4 μg/μl solution; 0.2 μl injections at 10 sites) that damaged the DG but spared other hippocampal subfields. In the first experiment, we used a place conditioning procedure pairing cocaine exposure (20 mg/kg, i.p.) with a sp…

MaleCognitive NeuroscienceConditioning ClassicalHippocampusExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyContext (language use)Hippocampal formationHippocampusBehavioral NeuroscienceCocaineRewardAnimalsRats Long-EvansFear conditioningAnalysis of VarianceDentate gyrusAssociation LearningRetention PsychologyFearConditioned place preferenceRatsDentate GyrusExploratory BehaviorConditioningAnalysis of variancePsychologyNeuroscienceCentral Nervous System Agents
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Maxillary Implant-Supported Overdentures: Mechanical Behavior Comparing Individual Axial and Bar Retention Systems. A Cohort Study of Edentulous Pati…

2020

Background and objectives: To compare the medium- to long-term mechanical behavior of overdentures with two different retention systems: overdentures with Locator&reg

MaleMedicine (General)Dental WearDentistryoverdentureODB++ArticlebarCohort StudiesDental Prosthesis Retentionlocator03 medical and health sciencesR5-9200302 clinical medicinePatient satisfactionSurveys and QuestionnairesmedicineHumansDental Restoration FailureProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyAgedMechanical PhenomenaDental ImplantsEdentulismbusiness.industry030206 dentistrymedicine.diseaseDenture Overlayclinical outcomesTreatment OutcomeScrew looseningPatient SatisfactionAutomotive Engineeringdental implants; overdenture; locator; bar; clinical outcomesFemaleDental Prosthesis Implant-SupportedMouth Edentulousbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryImplant supportedCohort studyFollow-Up StudiesMedicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)
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The role of pregnenolone sulphate in spatial orientation-acquisition and retention: An interplay between cognitive potentiation and mood regulation

2013

Abstract Neurosteroids can alter neuronal excitability interacting with specific neurotransmitter receptors, thus affecting several functions such as cognition and emotionality. In this study, we investigated, in adult male rats, the effects of the acute administration of pregnenolone-sulfate (PREGS) (10 mg/Kg, s. c.) on cognitive processes using the Can test, a non aversive spatial/visual task which allows the assessment of spatial information-acquisition during the baseline training, and of memory retention in the longitudinal study. Furthermore, on the basis of PREGS pharmacological profile, the modulation of depressive-like behaviour was also evaluated in the forced swim test (FST). Our…

MalePregnenolone-sulphate Spatial orientation-acquisition Spatial orientation-retention Cognitive map Depressive-like behaviouNeuroactive steroidMotor ActivityDevelopmental psychologyBehavioral NeuroscienceCognitionMemoryEmotionalityOrientationmedicineAnimalsLearningLongitudinal StudiesRats WistarNootropic AgentsSwimmingDepressionWorking memoryCognitionLong-term potentiationGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseRatsAffectMoodMood disordersData Interpretation StatisticalPregnenoloneSpace PerceptionSettore BIO/14 - FarmacologiaAnimal Science and ZoologyPsychologyNeuroscienceBehavioural despair test
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Do mental processes share a domain-general resource?

2010

What determines success and failure in dual-task situations? Many theories propose that the extent to which two activities can be performed concurrently depends on the nature of the information involved in the activities. In particular, verbal and visuospatial activities are thought to be fueled by distinct resources, so that interference occurs between two verbal activities or two visuospatial activities, but little or no interference occurs between verbal and visuospatial activities. The current study examined trade-offs in four dual-task situations in which participants maintained verbal or visuospatial information while concurrently processing either verbal or visuospatial information.…

MaleRecallWorking memoryA domainShort-term memoryRetention PsychologyVerbal LearningVisuospatial abilityDevelopmental psychologyJudgmentYoung AdultResource (project management)Mental Processesddc:150Pattern Recognition VisualOrientationHumansAttentionFemalePsychologyGeneral PsychologyCognitive loadColor PerceptionCognitive psychologyPsychological science
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Perineal complications following radical perineal prostatectomy.

2003

PURPOSE Radical perineal prostatectomy has recently attracted renewed interest and wider acceptance as an alternative route to the retropubic approach. While presumed lower morbidity is one reason for perineal prostatectomy we evaluated our patients for complications that are specific for the perineal approach. PATIENTS AND METHODS We have retrospectively analyzed 412 patients who underwent perineal prostatectomy from 10/1996 to 12/2000. Patients for the perineal approach were selected on the base of preoperative PSA (10 ng/ml) and biopsy Gleason score (< 7) without the need for simultaneous lymphadenectomy. A cystogram was performed routinely on day 7 p. o. and the catheter removed when pa…

MaleReoperationmedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsUrologymedicine.medical_treatmentFistulaBiopsyAnastomosisPerineumHematomaPostoperative ComplicationsmedicineHumansIntraoperative ComplicationsRetrospective StudiesProstatectomybusiness.industryUrinary retentionColostomyProstateProstatic NeoplasmsPerioperativeProstate-Specific Antigenmedicine.diseaseSurgeryCathetermedicine.symptombusinessRadical perineal prostatectomyAktuelle Urologie
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ICUD-EAU International Consultation on Bladder Cancer 2012: Urinary diversion.

2012

Context: A summary of the 2nd International Consultation on Bladder Cancer recommendations on the reconstructive options after radical cystectomy (RC), their outcomes, and their complications. Objective: To review the literature regarding indications, surgical details, postoperative care, complications, functional outcomes, as well as quality-of-life measures of patients with different forms of urinary diversion (UD). Evidence acquisition: An English-language literature review of data published between 1970 and 2012 on patients with UD following RC for bladder cancer was undertaken. No randomized controlled studies comparing conduit diversion with neobladder or continent cutaneous diversion…

MaleReoperationmedicine.medical_specialtyUrologymedicine.medical_treatmentUrinary BladderRenal functionContext (language use)Controlled studiesUrinary DiversionCystectomyCystectomyUreterosigmoidostomyMedicineHumansBladder cancerbusiness.industryUrinary retentionUrinary diversionUrinary Reservoirs ContinentRecovery of Functionmedicine.diseaseSurgeryTreatment OutcomeUrinary IncontinenceUrinary Bladder NeoplasmsQuality of LifeFemalemedicine.symptombusinessEuropean urology
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Influence of trait anxiety on the effects of acute stress on learning and retention of the passive avoidance task in male and female mice

2013

The influence of anxiety on the effects of acute stress for the acquisition and retention of passive avoidance conditioned task was evaluated in male and female mice. Animals were categorized as high-, medium-, and low-anxiety according to their performance in the elevated plus-maze test. Subsequently, half of the mice in each group were exposed to an acute stressor and assayed in an aversive conditioning test two days later. Exposure to restraint stress before inhibitory avoidance conditioning had a differential impact on the conditioned response of males and females according to their trait anxiety. The acute stressor significantly altered the conditioned response of mice with a high-anxi…

MaleRestraint PhysicalPhysiologyAnxietyDevelopmental psychologyMiceBehavioral NeuroscienceAvoidance LearningmedicineAnimalsTrait anxietyAcute stressBehavior AnimalMemoriaStressorRetention PsychologyGeneral MedicineSexual dimorphismConditioningAnxietyFemaleAnimal Science and ZoologyPassive avoidancemedicine.symptomPsychologyStress PsychologicalBehavioural Processes
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Implicit learning of a repeated segment in continuous tracking: A reappraisal

2006

Several prior studies (e.g., Shea, Wulf, Whitacre, &amp; Park, 2001; Wulf &amp; Schmidt, 1997) have apparently demonstrated implicit learning of a repeated segment in continuous-tracking tasks. In two conceptual replications of these studies, we failed to reproduce the original findings. However, these findings were reproduced in a third experiment, in which we used the same repeated segment as that used in the Wulf et al. studies. Analyses of the velocity and the acceleration of the target suggests that this repeated segment could be easier to track than the random segments serving as control, accounting for the results of Wulf and collaborators. Overall these experiments suggest that lea…

MaleSerial reaction timeTime Factors[ INFO.INFO-TS ] Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image ProcessingPhysiologySpeech recognition[SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology050109 social psychologyExperimental and Cognitive Psychology[ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processingTracking (particle physics)050105 experimental psychologyRandom Allocation[ SHS.PSY ] Humanities and Social Sciences/PsychologyAcceleration[INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image ProcessingPhysiology (medical)Reaction TimeHumansLearningTraitement du signal et de l'imagePsychology0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesStudentsGeneral PsychologyAnalysis of VarianceCommunicationbusiness.industry05 social sciencesSignal and Image processingRetention PsychologyRecognition PsychologyGeneral MedicineImplicit learningNeuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyPsychologieFemalebusinessPsychology[SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processingPsychomotor PerformanceTraitement du signal et de l'image (Informatique)
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Significance of resting and stimulated cerebral blood flow for predicting the risk of hemodynamic cerebral ischemia in a model of chronic hemodynamic…

2000

OBJECTIVE: It has been postulated that patients with a compromised cerebrovascular reserve capacity (RC), defined as cerebral blood flow (CBF) response to acetazolamide (ACZ) (by percent), are at higher risk for ischemic stroke. The value of CBF and RC for predicting the risk of hemodynamically induced impairment of cerebral function is examined. METHODS: Both common carotid arteries were occluded in 22 Wistar-Kyoto rats. Thirty-one days later, mean arterial blood pressure was reduced to 40 mm Hg for 30 minutes. Laser Doppler scanning of CBF at resting conditions and after intraperitoneal administration of ACZ (0.1 mg/g body weight) was performed 30 minutes and 28 days after occlusion as we…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyIschemiaHemodynamicsBlood PressureMotor ActivityCerebral autoregulationRats Inbred WKYBrain IschemiaBrain ischemiaInternal medicineMedicineAnimalsHumansCerebral perfusion pressureMaze LearningStrokebusiness.industryHemodynamicsBrainRetention Psychologymedicine.diseaseRatsAcetazolamideStrokeDisease Models AnimalBlood pressureCerebral blood flowMental Recallcardiovascular systemCardiologySurgeryNeurology (clinical)businessBlood Flow Velocitycirculatory and respiratory physiologyNeurosurgery
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Predictive variables of spontaneous micturition recovery after acute urinary retention in men with benign prostatic enlargement: An observational pro…

2017

Objective: Acute urinary retention (AUR) is the sudden and painful inability to urinate spontaneously. AUR is one of the most significant complications of benign prostatic enlargement. The management of AUR is based on transurethral catheterization. Subsequent therapy is uncertain, but AUR seems to benefit from the use of alpha-blockers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the variables that could predict which patients would recover spontaneous micturition after trial without catheter. Methods: The present prospective observational study included men with AUR in an Italian tertiary care institute in 2016. Patients were catheterized and treated orally with fluoroquinolones, alpha-blockers…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyNeurologymedia_common.quotation_subjectUrology030232 urology & nephrologyUrologyProstatic HyperplasiaUrinationUrinationSeverity of Illness IndexC-reactive protein03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineProstatemedicineHumansProspective Studiesacute urinary retentionProspective cohort studymedia_commonAgedspontaneous micturition recoveryInternational Prostate Symptom ScorebiologyUrinary retentionbusiness.industryC-reactive proteinArea under the curveProstateOrgan SizeRecovery of FunctionMiddle AgedUrinary Retentionmedicine.anatomical_structureROC CurveNeurology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisArea Under CurveAcute Diseasebiology.proteinInternational Prostate Symptom Scoremedicine.symptombusinessUrinary Catheterization
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