Search results for "RETINA"

Computer Aided Design for Diabetic Retinopathy

2013

International audience; Computer aided diagnosis and follow up can help in prevention and treatment of diabetes and its related complications. This paper presents a summary of the results we obtained over the last few years regarding the development of a CAD system for diabetic retinopathy. We present a methodology for diagnosis of DME based on exudates segmentation, as well as an automated detection of micro-aneurysm (MA) and DR diagnosis; Our approach uses standard available public database and shows a high power of generalization through cross database experiments.

Does autoimmunity play a part in the pathogenesis of glaucoma?

2013

Glaucoma is a chronic neurodegenerative disease and one of the leading causes of blindness. Several risk factors have been described, e.g. an elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), oxidative stress or mitochondrial dysfunction. Additionally, alterations in serum antibody profiles of glaucoma patients, upregulation (e.g. anti-HSP60, anti-MBP) and downregulation (e.g. anti-14-3-3), have been described, but it still remains elusive if the autoantibodies seen in glaucoma are an epiphenomenon or causative. However, it is known that elicited autoimmunity causes retinal ganglion cell loss resulting in glaucomatous-like damage and according to the autoaggressive nature of some autoantibodies we found…

Retinal vasculature segmentation and measurement framework for color fundus and SLO images

2020

Abstract The change in vascular geometry is an indicator of various health issues linked with vision and cardiovascular risk factors. Early detection and diagnosis of these changes can help patients to select an appropriate treatment option when the disease is in its primary phase. Automatic segmentation and quantification of these vessels would decrease the cost and eliminate inconsistency related to manual grading. However, automatic detection of the vessels is challenging in the presence of retinal pathologies and non-uniform illumination, two common occurrences in clinical settings. This paper presents a novel framework to address the issue of retinal blood vessel detection and width me…

Neural interaction of retinal aftereffects and contrast adaptation in perception of gabor gratings

2010

Gap junctions and connexin hemichannels both contribute to the electrical properties of retinal pigment epithelium.

2022

Gap junctions are intercellular channels that permit the transfer of ions and small molecules between adjacent cells. These cellular junctions are particularly dense in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), and their contribution to many retinal diseases has been recognized. While gap junctions have been implicated in several aspects of RPE physiology, their role in shaping the electrical properties of these cells has not been characterized in mammals. The role of gap junctions in the electrical properties of the RPE is particularly important considering the growing appreciation of RPE as excitable cells containing various voltage-gated channels. We used a whole-cell patch clamp to measure …

Polyunsaturated fatty acids and Plasmalogens in diabetics

2012

Purpose Plasmalogens (PLS) are phospholipids characterized by a vinyl ether bond and a preferential esterification of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). We have previously shown that the lack of PLS leads to retinal hyper-capillarization. We hypothesize that PLS are negative regulators of vascular development, and aimed to check their circulating levels in diabetic patients. Methods Blood samples were collected from 88 patients and 14 control subjects. Among diabetics we had 14 patients without diabetic retinopathy (DR), 12 with a mild non proliferative DR, 12 with a moderate non proliferative DR, 22 with a severe non proliferative DR and 24 with a proliferative DR (PDR). Erythrocytes were…

Lipid and fatty acid profile of the retina, RPE/choroid and lacrimal gland, and associations with dietary fatty acids in human subjects

2008

Purpose The contribution of dietary lipids to the accumulation of lipids in the retina during ageing and in the course of age related maculopathies remains under debate. Our objective was to establish associations between fatty acid profiles of ocular structures, and adipose tissue as a surrogate for the past dietary intake of the subjects. Methods Lipids and fatty acids were analyzed by tandem thin-layer chromatography-flame ionization detection and gas chromatography-flame ionization detection from the neural retina, RPE/choroid, lacrimal gland and adipose tissue, collected from 19 women and 8 men, aged 59–95 years. Results DHA concentrations in the neural retina were positively associate…

Evaluation of the retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in smokers

2019

Effect of the color of the intraocular lens on optical and visual quality

2014

Purpose: To analyze the optical quality of intraocular lenses (IOL) with an orange (PC440Y) and a yellow (SN60AT) filter, and correlate these results with the visual quality of patients with these implants. Setting: Fisabio Oftalmología Médica, Valencia, Spain. Design: Randomized prospective study. Materials and Methods: The IOL optical quality was determined using the modulation transfer function (MTF) and the spectral transmission. The visual quality of 87 eyes with cataract (51 with orange filter and 36 with yellow filter) was determined by best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and contrast sensitivity function (CSF) under photopic and mesopic conditions. To analyze the results, we use a S…

PCARE and WASF3 regulate ciliary F-actin assembly that is required for the initiation of photoreceptor outer segment disk formation

2020

Significance The photoreceptor outer segments are primary cilia, modified for phototransduction by incorporation of stacked opsin-loaded membrane disks that are continuously regenerated. This process is disrupted in several types of inherited retinal dystrophy, but the driving force remained unclear. We show that C2orf71/PCARE (photoreceptor cilium actin regulator), associated with inherited retinal dystrophy subtype RP54, efficiently recruits the Arp2/3 complex activator WASF3 to the cilium. This activates an actin dynamics-driven expansion of the ciliary tip, resembling membrane evagination in lamellipodia formation. Colocalization of this actin dynamics module to the base of the outer se…