Search results for "RNA virus"

showing 10 items of 149 documents

Where are patients missed in the tuberculosis diagnostic cascade? A prospective cohort study in Ghana.

2020

BackgroundGhana's national prevalence survey showed higher than expected tuberculosis (TB) prevalence, indicating that many people with TB are not identified and treated. This study aimed to identify gaps in the TB diagnostic cascade prior to starting treatment.MethodsA prospective cohort study was conducted in urban and rural health facilities in south-east Ghana. Consecutive patients routinely identified as needing a TB test were followed up for two months to find out if sputum was submitted and/or treatment started. The causal effect of health facility location on submitting sputum was assessed before risk factors were investigated using logistic regression.ResultsA total of 428 persons …

MaleRural PopulationBacterial DiseasesRNA virusesResearch FacilitiesUrban PopulationPhysiologyHIV InfectionsPathology and Laboratory MedicineGhanaCohort StudiesGeographical Locations0302 clinical medicineImmunodeficiency VirusesHealth facilityHealth careOdds RatioMedicine and Health SciencesCoughingProspective Studies030212 general & internal medicineProspective cohort studyMultidisciplinaryRural healthQRMiddle AgedBody FluidsInfectious DiseasesMedical MicrobiologyResearch DesignViral PathogensVirusesTuberculosis Diagnosis and ManagementMedicineFemaleAnatomyPathogensmedicine.symptomResearch LaboratoriesResearch ArticleCohort studyAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyTuberculosisAdolescentScience030231 tropical medicineResearch and Analysis MethodsMicrobiologyYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesSigns and SymptomsTuberculosis diagnosisDiagnostic MedicineRetrovirusesmedicineHumansTuberculosisMicrobial PathogensAgedbusiness.industryLentivirusSputumOrganismsBiology and Life SciencesHIVTropical Diseasesmedicine.diseaseMucusFamily medicinePeople and PlacesAfricaSputumHealth FacilitiesPhysiological ProcessesbusinessGovernment LaboratoriesPLoS ONE
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Sociodemographic Factors and Clinical Conditions Associated to Hospitalization in Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 Virus Infected Patients in Spain, 2009–2010

2012

The emergence and pandemic spread of a new strain of influenza A (H1N1) virus in 2009 resulted in a serious alarm in clinical and public health services all over the world. One distinguishing feature of this new influenza pandemic was the different profile of hospitalized patients compared to those from traditional seasonal influenza infections. Our goal was to analyze sociodemographic and clinical factors associated to hospitalization following infection by influenza A(H1N1) virus. We report the results of a Spanish nationwide study with laboratory confirmed infection by the new pandemic virus in a case-control design based on hospitalized patients. The main risk factors for hospitalizatio…

MaleViral DiseasesPediatricsNon-Clinical MedicinePulmonologyEpidemiology:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Aged::Aged 80 and over [Medical Subject Headings]Grip A (H1N1):Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Middle Aged [Medical Subject Headings]DiseaseSocial and Behavioral Sciencesmedicine.disease_cause:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Probability::Risk::Risk Factors [Medical Subject Headings]Hospital patients:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings]Influenza A Virus H1N1 SubtypeGripe humanaSociologyRisk FactorsPandemicInfluenza A virusChildAged 80 and over:Geographicals::Geographic Locations::Europe::Spain [Medical Subject Headings]:Organisms::Viruses::Vertebrate Viruses::RNA Viruses::Orthomyxoviridae::Influenzavirus A::Influenza A virus::Influenza A Virus H1N1 Subtype [Medical Subject Headings]COPDeducation.field_of_studyMultidisciplinary:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Epidemiologic Studies::Case-Control Studies [Medical Subject Headings]:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Child::Child Preschool [Medical Subject Headings]QRMiddle AgedHospitalizationInfectious Diseases:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Therapeutics::Patient Care::Hospitalization [Medical Subject Headings]Child Preschool:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adolescent [Medical Subject Headings]MedicineFemalePublic Health:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Infant [Medical Subject Headings]Assistència hospitalàriaResearch ArticleAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescent:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Young Adult [Medical Subject Headings]SciencePopulationHospitals -- Pacients:Check Tags::Male [Medical Subject Headings]:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Infant::Infant Newborn [Medical Subject Headings]InfluenzavirusVirusYoung AdultInfluenza HumanSubtipo H1N1 del Virus de la Influenza A:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult [Medical Subject Headings]medicineInfluenza virusesHumansEpidemiologia -- Investigació -- EspanyaEspanyaEpidemiologiaeducationPandemicsBiology:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Child [Medical Subject Headings]AgedHospital carePopulation Biologybusiness.industryPublic healthInfant NewbornCase-control studyInfant:Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Disease Outbreaks::Epidemics::Pandemics [Medical Subject Headings]medicine.disease:Check Tags::Female [Medical Subject Headings]SpainCase-Control StudiesH1N1 influenza:Diseases::Virus Diseases::RNA Virus Infections::Orthomyxoviridae Infections::Influenza Human [Medical Subject Headings]businessPLoS ONE
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Presence of viruses in wild eels Anguilla anguilla L, from the Albufera Lake (Spain)

2014

A virological analysis was conducted on wild eels from the Albufera Lake (Spain). A total of 179 individuals at different growth stages were collected in two different surveys (2004 and 2008). Presence of anguillid herpesvirus (AngHV-1), aquabirnavirus and betanodavirus was confirmed by PCR procedures in both surveys, although the number of detections was clearly higher in 2008 (83% of the eels analysed resulted positive for virus presence). AngHV-1 was the viral agent most frequently detected, followed by aquabirnaviruses. Betanodaviruses were detected by the first time in wild eels, and although the detections were only made by nested PCR, high percentage of positives were achieved. In ad…

Malefood.ingredientVeterinary (miscellaneous)Molecular Sequence DataReassortmentBetanodavirusAquatic ScienceBiologyPolymerase Chain ReactionVirusFish DiseasesViral ProteinsRNA Virus InfectionsfoodGenotypeAnimalsRNA VirusesAquabirnavirusPhylogenyPhylogenetic treeDNA VirusesSequence Analysis DNAAnguillabiology.organism_classificationVirologyDNA Virus InfectionsAnguillid herpesvirusSpainFemaleSeasonsNested polymerase chain reactionJournal of Fish Diseases
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Prognostic Impact of Hyponatremia and Hypernatremia in COVID-19 Pneumonia. A HOPE-COVID-19 (Health Outcome Predictive Evaluation for COVID-19) Regist…

2020

Dysnatremia is associated with increased mortality in patients with community-acquired pneumonia. SARS-COV2 (Severe-acute-respiratory syndrome caused by Coronavirus-type 2) pneumonia can be fatal. The aim of this study was to ascertain whether admittance dysnatremia is associated with mortality, sepsis, or intensive therapy (IT) in patients hospitalized with SARS-COV2 pneumonia. This is a retrospective study of the HOPE-COVID-19 registry, with data collected from January 1th through April 31th, 2020. We selected all hospitalized adult patients with RT-PCR-confirmed SARS-COV2 pneumonia and a registered admission serum sodium level (SNa). Patients were classified as hyponatremic (SNa <…

MalehyponatremiaEndocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyGlobal Healthlcsh:Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology:Health Care::Health Care Quality Access and Evaluation::Quality of Health Care::Health Care Evaluation Mechanisms::Outcome and Process Assessment (Health Care) [Medical Subject Headings]:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings]sepsis0302 clinical medicineEndocrinology:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Epidemiologic Studies::Cohort Studies::Retrospective Studies [Medical Subject Headings]HiponatremiaOutcome Assessment Health CareSARS-COV2Hospital MortalityRegistriesOriginal Research:Persons::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Aged [Medical Subject Headings]:Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Epidemiologic Methods::Data Collection::Registries [Medical Subject Headings]HypernatremiahypernatremiaMiddle AgedPrognosisVirusHospitalizationSurvival Rate:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Therapeutics::Patient Care::Hospitalization [Medical Subject Headings]HipernatremiaFemaleHyponatremiaHyponatremiamedicine.medical_specialty:Information Science::Information Science::Data Collection::Vital Statistics::Mortality::Survival Rate [Medical Subject Headings]Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Infecciones por coronavirus:Check Tags::Male [Medical Subject Headings]030209 endocrinology & metabolismSepsis03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicineSepsis:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Epidemiologic Studies::Cohort Studies::Longitudinal Studies::Follow-Up Studies [Medical Subject Headings]medicineHumans:Diseases::Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases::Metabolic Diseases::Water-Electrolyte Imbalance::Hypernatremia [Medical Subject Headings]MortalitySurvival rateAgedRetrospective Studieslcsh:RC648-665business.industrySARS-CoV-2COVID-19Retrospective cohort study:Persons::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Middle Aged [Medical Subject Headings]Aparato respiratoriomedicine.diseasemortality:Diseases::Virus Diseases::RNA Virus Infections::Nidovirales Infections::Coronaviridae Infections::Coronavirus Infections [Medical Subject Headings]Clinical trialbody regionsPneumonia:Check Tags::Female [Medical Subject Headings]:Diseases::Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases::Metabolic Diseases::Water-Electrolyte Imbalance::Hyponatremia [Medical Subject Headings]Mortalidad:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Prognosis [Medical Subject Headings]:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Data Collection::Vital Statistics::Mortality::Hospital Mortality [Medical Subject Headings]HypernatremiabusinessFollow-Up Studies
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Effectiveness, safety/tolerability of OBV/PTV/r ± DSV in patients with HCV genotype 1 or 4 with/without HIV-1 co-infection, chronic kidney disease (C…

2019

Background and aims Limited data are available on the effectiveness and tolerability of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) therapies in the real world for HCV-infected patients with comorbidities. This study aimed to describe the effectiveness of OBV/PTV/r +/- DSV (3D/2D regimen) with or without ribavirin (RBV) in HCV or HCV/HIV co-infected patients with GT1/GT4 and CKD (IIIb-V stages), including those under hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis in routine clinical practice in Spain in 2015. Material and methods Non-interventional, retrospective, multicenter data collection study in 31 Spanish sites. Socio-demographic, clinical variables, study treatment characteristics, effectiveness and toler…

Malemedicine.medical_treatmentHIV InfectionsHepacivirus0302 clinical medicine:Infections::Virus Diseases::Hepatitis Viral Human::Hepatitis C::Hepatitis C Chronic [DISEASES]ribavirina2-Naphthylaminemediana edad:virosis::infecciones por virus ARN::infecciones por Retroviridae::infecciones por Lentivirus::infecciones por VIH [ENFERMEDADES]ancianoSulfonamidesCoinfectionfarmacoterapiaLiver Diseasesvirus diseasesValineInfeccions per VIH - TractamentCirrhosisNephrology/drug therapyMedicine030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyDrug Therapy Combinationinsuficiencia renalmedicine.medical_specialty:virosis::hepatitis viral humana::hepatitis C::hepatitis C crónica [ENFERMEDADES]GenotypeProlineSciencecompuestos macrocíclicosSurgical and Invasive Medical ProceduresGastroenterology and HepatologyAntiviral AgentsMicrobiologyUrinary System ProceduresPeritoneal dialysis03 medical and health sciencesDrug TherapyHumansLost to follow-upRenal Insufficiency ChronicUracilAgedRetrospective StudiesFlavivirusesanilidasOrganismsOrgan Transplantationmedicine.diseasedigestive system diseasesRegimenchemistryHIV-1Malalties del ronyóCarbamatesgenotipoCyclopropanesRNA virusesantivíricosSustained Virologic ResponsePhysiologyhumanoschemistry.chemical_compoundChronic Kidney DiseaseMedicine and Health SciencesRenal TransplantationAnilidesRenal Insufficiency030212 general & internal medicinePathology and laboratory medicinecoinfecciónMultidisciplinaryKidney diseasesHepatitis C virus:Infections::Infections::Virus Diseases::RNA Virus Infections::Retroviridae Infections::Lentivirus Infections::Infections::Virus Diseases::HIV Infections [DISEASES]resultado del tratamientoQR:Infections::Coinfection [DISEASES]Middle AgedMedical microbiologyHepatitis CTreatment OutcomeInfectious DiseasesTolerabilityResearch DesigncarbamatosVirusesFemaleHemodialysisPathogensVIH-1Research ArticleGlomerular Filtration RateMacrocyclic CompoundsClinical Research DesignLactams MacrocyclicResearch and Analysis MethodssulfonamidasRenal DialysisInternal medicineRibavirinMedical DialysismedicineDialysisTransplantationRenal Physiology/tratamiento farmacológicoRitonavirBiology and life sciencesbusiness.industryRibavirinestudios retrospectivosViral pathogensHepatitis C ChronicHepatitis virusesMicrobial pathogens:enfermedades parasitarias::coinfección [ENFERMEDADES]Spaindiálisis renalCo-InfectionsPhysical therapyinfecciones por VIHAdverse EventsbusinessHepatitis C - TractamenturaciloKidney diseasePLoS ONE
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Genome characterisation of two Ljungan virus isolates from wild bank voles (Myodes glareolus) in Sweden

2015

Ljungan virus (LV) (family Picornaviridae, genus Parechovirus) is a suspected zoonotic pathogen with associations to human disease in Sweden. LV is a single-stranded RNA virus with a positive sense genome. There are five published Ljungan virus strains, three isolated from Sweden and two from America, and are classified into four genotypes. A further two strains described here were isolated from wild bank voles (Myodes glareolus) caught in Vastmanlands county, Sweden in 1994. These strains were sequenced using next generation pyrosequencing technology on the GS454flx platform. Genetic and phylogenetic analysis of the obtained genomes confirms isolates LV340 and LV342 as two new putative mem…

Microbiology (medical)Genes ViralGenotypeGS454ParechovirusGenome ViralMicrobiologyGenomeEvolution MolecularPhylogeneticsUntranslated Regionspositive selectionGenotypeevolutionMyodes glareolusGeneticsAnimalsSelection GeneticMolecular BiologyEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsPhylogenyGeneticsSwedenPicornaviridae InfectionsbiologyPhylogenetic treeArvicolinaeta1183RNA virusLjungan virusbiology.organism_classificationVirologyInfectious DiseasesLjungan virusArvicolinaeVP3ParechovirusNucleic Acid ConformationRNA Viralta1181Infection, Genetics and Evolution
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r- and K-selection in experimental populations of vesicular stomatitis virus.

2002

Here we explore the adaptation of vesicular stomatitis RNA virus to different population densities and the existence of a trade-off between r- and K-selection. Increasing population density represents a challenging special situation for viruses, since different selective pressures arise depending upon the number of available host cells per virus. Adaptation to low density represents a prototypical case of r-selection, where the optimal evolutionary solution should be a high replication rate. Adaptation to high density represents a case of K-selection. In this case, genotypes optimally exploiting the resources, instead of faster replicating ones, should be selected. Five independent populati…

Microbiology (medical)GeneticsExperimental evolutionbiologyr/K selection theoryRNA virusbiology.organism_classificationMicrobiologyPopulation densityBiological EvolutionVesicular stomatitis Indiana virusVesicular StomatitisInfectious DiseasesEffective population sizeVesicular stomatitis virusGeneticsAdaptationSelection GeneticMolecular BiologyEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsInfection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases
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Differential effects of vertical and horizontal transmission in the fitness of an RNA virus: A reanalysis

2002

Microbiology (medical)Horizontal and verticalbiologyRNA virusbiology.organism_classificationMicrobiologyVirologyDifferential effectslaw.inventionInfectious DiseasesTransmission (mechanics)lawGeneticsMolecular BiologyEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsInfection, Genetics and Evolution
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Enterovirus and Encephalitis

2020

Enterovirus-induced infection of the central nervous system (CNS) results in acute inflammation of the brain (encephalitis) and constitutes a significant global burden to human health. These viruses are thought to be highly cytolytic, therefore normal brain function could be greatly compromised following enteroviral infection of the CNS. A further layer of complexity is added by evidence showing that some enteroviruses may establish a persistent infection within the CNS and eventually lead to pathogenesis of certain neurodegenerative disorders. Interestingly, enterovirus encephalitis is particularly common among young children, suggesting a potential causal link between the development of t…

Microbiology (medical)RNA virusvirusesencephalitisCentral nervous systemlcsh:QR1-502InflammationReviewPicornaviridaemedicine.disease_causeMicrobiologylcsh:MicrobiologyPathogenesis03 medical and health sciencesImmune systemNeuroimmune systemMedicineTropism030304 developmental biology0303 health sciences030306 microbiologybusiness.industryenterovirusvirus diseasesmedicine.diseasemedicine.anatomical_structureImmunologyEnterovirusmedicine.symptomCNSbusinessEncephalitisFrontiers in Microbiology
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Enhanced adaptation of vesicular stomatitis virus in cells infected with vaccinia virus.

2008

Infections involving different viruses (multiple infections) are common in nature and can take place between different strains of the same virus or between different virus species, including DNA and RNA viruses. The influence of multiple infections on viral evolution has been previously studied using different populations of the same virus. Here, we took a step forward by studying the evolution of an RNA virus (vesicular stomatitis virus, VSV) in the presence of a resident DNA virus (vaccinia virus, VV). Cell cultures were infected with a constant amount of VV, and VSV was added at four different post-VV-inoculation times and four different population sizes. The results showed that the pres…

Microbiology (medical)virusesPopulationAdaptation BiologicalVaccinia virusBiologyMicrobiologyVirusMicrobiologyCell Linechemistry.chemical_compoundCricetinaeGeneticsAnimalseducationMolecular BiologyEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsVirus classificationeducation.field_of_studyRNA virusDNA virusVesiculovirusbiology.organism_classificationVirologyBiological EvolutionInfectious DiseaseschemistryVesicular stomatitis virusViral evolutionVacciniaInfection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases
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