Search results for "ROLE"

showing 10 items of 1994 documents

PROBING THE DARK MATTER RADIAL PROFILE IN LENS GALAXIES AND THE SIZE OF X-RAY EMITTING REGION IN QUASARS WITH MICROLENSING

2015

We use X-ray and optical microlensing measurements to study the shape of the dark matter density profile in the lens galaxies and the size of the (soft) X-ray emission region. We show that single epoch X-ray microlensing is sensitive to the source size. Our results, in good agreement with previous estimates, show that the size of the X-ray emission region scales roughly linearly with the black hole mass, with a half-light radius of where . This corresponds to a size of or ?1 lt-day for a black hole mass of . We simultaneously estimated the fraction of the local surface mass density in stars, finding that the stellar mass fraction is ? = 0.20 ? 0.05 at an average radius of , where Re is the …

Effective radiusPhysicsStellar massAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaDark matterAstronomy and AstrophysicsQuasarAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysicsGravitational microlensingGalaxyBlack holeStarsSpace and Planetary ScienceAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsThe Astrophysical Journal
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Eiropas Savienības Šengenas zonas ilgtspējība

2021

Šī maģistra darba temats ir “Eiropas Savienības Šengenas zonas ilgtspējība”. Atrodoties Eiropas Savienībā, dalībvalstu pilsoņi ir ne tikai savas valsts pilsonība, bet arī Eiropas Savienības pilsonība, kura paredz dažādas tiesības. Viena no tām ir brīvas pārvietošanās tiesības Šengenas zonas ietvaros. Pēc būtības jebkurš ES pilsonis drīkst netraucēti šķērsot jebkuru tās robežu, tomēr nav skaidrs vai šīs konkrētās tiesības ir institucionāli aizsargātas vai atkarīgas no dalībvalstu politiskās gribas. Eiropas Savienība var tikt uzskatīta par reģionālu politisko projektu ar kosmopolītiskām rakstura iezīmēm, tādēļ teorētisko ietvaru šim darbam veido kosmopolītisma koncepta analīze, kā arī Šengena…

Eiropas SavienībarobežkontrolekosmopolītismsŠengena zonaPolitikas zinātnerobežas
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Familial Hypercholesterolemia and Lipoprotein(a): A Gordian Knot in Cardiovascular Prevention

2022

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is the most frequent genetic disorder resulting in increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels from childhood, leading to premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) if left untreated. FH diagnosis is based on clinical criteria and/or genetic testing and its prevalence is estimated as being up to 1:300,000-400,000 for the homozygous and similar to 1:200-300 for the heterozygous form. Apart from its late diagnosis, FH is also undertreated, despite the available lipid-lowering therapies. In addition, elevated lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) (>50 mg/dL; 120 nmol/L), mostly genetically determined, has been identified as an important car…

Endocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismMolecular BiologyBiochemistrycardiovascular disease cholesterol familial hypercholesterolemia hypolipidemic treatment lipoprotein(a)
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Licofelone, a novel 5-LOX/COX-inhibitor, attenuates leukocyte rolling and adhesion on endothelium under flow

2005

The main mechanism of action of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is the inhibition of cycloxygenases COX-1 and COX-2. During recent years, combined 5-LOX/COX-inhibition, interfering with the biosynthesis of both prostaglandins and leukotrienes (LTs), has emerged as a possibility to avoid side effects related to COX-inhibition. The aim of the present study was to investigate if there is a contribution of mechanisms other than the reduction of inflammatory prostaglandins and leukotrienes to the anti-inflammatory effect of the LOX/COX inhibitor licofelone. In a flow chamber assay, licofelone (10-30 microM) dose-dependently decreased both the rolling and adhesion of leukocytes on …

EndotheliumAcetatesPharmacologyBiochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundCell MovementIn vivoCell AdhesionLeukocytesmedicineHumansCyclooxygenase InhibitorsPyrrolesLipoxygenase InhibitorsRNA MessengerCells CulturedPharmacologybiologyChemistryEndothelial Cellsmedicine.anatomical_structureMechanism of actionImmunologyArachidonate 5-lipoxygenaseCelecoxibbiology.proteinCyclooxygenasemedicine.symptomLicofeloneCell Adhesion MoleculesSelectinmedicine.drugBiochemical Pharmacology
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Primary hypercholesterolemia and development of cardiovascular disorders: Cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in low-grade systemic inflammati…

2021

Primary hypercholesterolemia, a metabolic disorder characterized by elevated circulating levels of cholesterol products, mainly low-density lipoproteins, is associated with arteriosclerosis development. Cardiovascular disease, predominantly myocardial infarction and stroke, remains the main cause of death worldwide, with atherosclerosis considered to be the most common underlying pathology. In addition to elevated plasma levels of low-density lipoproteins, low-grade systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction seem to be the main drivers of premature atherosclerosis. Here we review current knowledge related to cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in low-grade systemic inflammatio…

Endotheliumbusiness.industryHypercholesterolemiaMetabolic disorderCell BiologyDiseaseArteriosclerosisAtherosclerosismedicine.diseaseSystemic inflammationBiochemistryImmune systemmedicine.anatomical_structureCardiovascular DiseasesImmunologymedicineEndothelium Vascularmedicine.symptomEndothelial dysfunctionbusinessCause of deathThe International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology
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Near-infrared emissive bacteriochlorin-diketopyrrolopyrrole triads: Synthesis and photophysical properties

2019

International audience; The synthesis of unprecedented energy transfer triads containing a near-infrared (NIR) emissive bacteriochlorin subunit and two diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) moieties linked to each other via ethynyl or zero-carbon spacers is presented. Their optical and fluorescence properties were determined in CHCl3 and toluene. These photophysical measurements highlight the ability of DPP scaffold to act as an effective energy donor, which once excited in the range 450-550 nm resulting nearly exclusively NIR emission of hydroporphyrin (ETE > 96%). Since DPP dyes are valuable structurally tunable fluorophores that may be used in the construction of high-performance multicomponent pho…

Energy-transfer triadMaterials science[CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistryProcess Chemistry and TechnologyGeneral Chemical EngineeringEnergy transferNear-infrared spectroscopyRational design02 engineering and technologyChromophoreFluorophore010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPhotochemistry01 natural sciences7. Clean energyFluorescence0104 chemical sciencesNearinfrared fluorescence HighlightsEffective energyExcited state0210 nano-technologyBacteriochlorinDiketopyrrolopyrrole
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Knock onset prediction of propane, gasoline and their mixtures in spark ignition engines

2016

Gaseous fuels, such as Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) and Natural Gas (NG), thanks to their excellent mixing capabilities and high knocking resistance, allow complete and cleaner combustion than gasoline in Spark Ignition (SI) engines, resulting in lower pollutant emissions, above all if particulate matter is considered. In previous works [1,2] the authors proved how the simultaneous combustion of gasoline and gaseous fuel (NG or LPG) may strongly reduce both fuel consumption and pollutant emissions with respect to pure gasoline operation without a significant power loss. These very encouraging results were obtained thanks to the strong knock resistance increase obtained adding gaseous fuel …

Engineering020209 energyNuclear engineering02 engineering and technologyCombustionModellinglaw.inventionPropane020401 chemical engineeringlawSpark-ignition engine0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringOctane rating0204 chemical engineeringGasolinePetroleum engineeringbusiness.industryHomogeneous charge compression ignitionKnock onsetIgnition systemSettore ING-IND/08 - Macchine A FluidoCompression ratioFuel efficiencySpark ignition enginebusinessLPG
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Experimental Determination of Liquefied Petroleum Gas–Gasoline Mixtures Knock Resistance

2014

The results of previous experimental researches showed that great advantages can be achieved, both in terms of fuel consumption and pollutant emissions, in bifuel vehicles by means of the double-fuel combustion, i.e., the simultaneous combustion of gasoline and a gaseous fuel, such as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) or natural gas (NG). The substantial increase in knock resistance pursued by adding LPG to gasoline, which allowed to maintain an overall stoichiometric proportion with air also at full load, is not documented in the scientific literature and induced the authors to perform a proper experimental campaign. The motor octane number (MON) of LPG–gasoline mixtures has been hence determi…

EngineeringCFREnergy Engineering and Power TechnologyAerospace EngineeringOctane ratingfuel mixtureCombustionLiquefied petroleum gasFuel gasNatural gasknock resistanceOctane ratingGasolineProcess engineeringgasolineWaste managementbusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringautoignitionSettore ING-IND/08 - Macchine A FluidoFuel TechnologyNuclear Energy and EngineeringCompression ratioFuel efficiencybusinessLPGJournal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power
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Energy Recovery in Water Distribution Networks. Implementation of Pumps as Turbine in a Dynamic Numerical Model

2014

In complex networks characterized by the presence of private tanks, water managers usually apply intermittent distribution, thus reducing the water volumes supplied to the users, or use Pressure Reduction Valves (PRV) for controlling pressure in the network. The application of Pump As Turbines (PATs) appears as an alternative and sustainable solution to either control network pressure as well as to produce energy. In the present paper, the hydrodynamic model, already presented by De Marchis et al. (2011) was further developed introducing the dynamic analysis of PATs. The model was applied to a district of Palermo network (Italy) characterized by intermittent distribution and by inequities a…

EngineeringEnergy recoveryDistribution networksPetroleum engineeringbusiness.industryEnvironmental engineeringWater supplyGeneral MedicineComplex networkPump as Turbine (PAT)TurbineTerm (time)method of characteristicenergy savingwater distribution networkControl networkintermittent distributionbusinessEnergy (signal processing)Engineering(all)energy saving.Procedia Engineering
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Brownfield management opportunities to reduce the back pressure effects on the gas wells

2017

Gas mature fields are associated with challenges to optimize the hydrocarbon flow from reservoir to the sales point in a cost effective manner due to declining well productivity. Laslau Mare field is a mature gas field in Transylvanian basin (Mures County) developed in 1970s and is producing∼99% methane with low water-gas ratio. As any brown field, the state of depleted reservoir will generate several constraints for gas flow from formation to surface facilities and further to delivery point. During the exploitation has been observed that the operation conditions are facing with unstable pressure in the system due to low demand. Therefore, the back pressure effect will affect the wells in t…

EngineeringPetroleum engineeringBack pressurebusiness.industryFlow (psychology)MethaneNatural gas fieldchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistrylcsh:TA1-2040Delivery pointDrawdown (hydrology)lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)businessProductivityGas compressorMATEC Web of Conferences
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