Search results for "ROV"

Vascular ageing and the related complications in the brain: New insights on related mechanisms and their translational applications

2021

s consequence of “populations aging phenomenon”, the burden of incessant increase of incidence and prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases (NeuroDegD) is becoming very alarming, as well as it is gaining an important attention the developing of intervention measures, essen-tially preventive. Of consequence, the knowledge of primordial Neuro-DegD causes, and the related mechanisms, appears to be fundamental. Consistent with this, growing evidence reports a close link of the vascular aging, dysfunction and diseases with the onset and progression of NeuroDegD.

Microvascular brain damage with aging and hypertension

2011

Loss of cognitive function and hypertension are two common conditions in the elderly and both significantly contribute to loss of personal independency. Microvascular brain damage - the result of age-associated alteration in large arteries and the progressive mismatch of their cross-talk with small cerebral arteries - represents a potent risk factor for cognitive decline and for the onset of dementia in older individuals. The present review discusses the complexity of factors linking large artery to microvascular brain disease and to cognitive decline and the evidence for possible clinical markers useful for prevention of this phenomenon. The possibility of dementia prevention by cardiovasc…

Outbreak of sapovirus infection among infants and children with acute gastroenteritis in Osaka City, Japan during 2004–2005

2006

One hundred and twenty five fecal specimens were collected from sporadic cases of acute gastroenteritis in a pediatric clinic in Osaka City, Japan from July 2004 to June 2005 and tested for the presence of rotavirus, norovirus, sapovirus, astrovirus, and adenovirus by RT-multiplex PCR. Among diarrheal viruses detected, norovirus was the most prevalent (19.2%, 24 of 125), followed by group A rotavirus (18.4%, 23 of 125), astrovirus (1.6%, 2 of 125), and adenovirus (0.8%, 1 of 125), respectively. Interestingly, sapovirus infection was identified with high incidence of 17.6% (22 of 125). Sapovirus was subjected to molecular genetic analysis by sequencing. It was found that sapovirus detected i…

Examining the effects of birth order on personality.

2015

This study examined the long-standing question of whether a person’s position among siblings has a lasting impact on that person’s life course. Empirical research on the relation between birth order and intelligence has convincingly documented that performances on psychometric intelligence tests decline slightly from firstborns to laterborns. By contrast, the search for birth-order effects on personality has not yet resulted in conclusive findings. We used data from three large national panels from the United States (N = 5,240), Great Britain (N = 4,489), and Germany (N = 10,457) to resolve this open research question. This data base allowed us to identify even very small effects of birth o…

Mothers' and fathers' personality and parenting: the mediating role of sense of competence.

2009

This prospective longitudinal study addressed 3 key questions regarding the processes of parenting in a large community sample of mothers (n = 589) and fathers (n = 518). First, the collective impact of parental Big Five personality dimensions on overreactive and warm parenting, assessed 6 years later by adolescents, was examined. Second, mediation of these associations by sense of competence in the parenting role was addressed. Third, it was explored to what extent associations were similar for mothers and fathers. Agreeableness and Extraversion were related to lower levels of overreactivity and higher levels of warmth. Sense of competence completely mediated relations between personality …

2021

Gambling may range from being a recreational leisure activity to a behavioral addiction. A rising number of gamblers experience adverse consequences from gambling, termed problem gambling, which may become a challenge for the individual and society. With the present research, we aimed to investigate the correlates of problem gambling. We used a large sample of more than 12,500 individuals (46% male, Mage = 48, SDage = 18) from the Household, Income, and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey and analyzed sociodemographic and personality variables (Big Five, locus of control) as well as the extent of problem gambling. Findings showed that male sex and a lower level of education were rel…

Perfil de personalidad vulnerable en pacientes con dolor crónico: relación con el afrontamiento, la calidad de vida y la adaptación a la enfermedad

2012

In this study with a sample of chronic pain patient, personality profiles defined as the individual’s scores on all five dimensions (NEO-FFI) are used, to establish relations with coping, quality of life, and adaptation to disease. After a cluster analysis two groups have been obtained: the first one being a trend to intermediate scores in all five dimensions and characterized by moderate neuroticism, average extraversion, low openness, moderate agreeableness, and moderate conscientiousness, whereas the second one is characterized by traits of vulnerability determined by high neuroticism, low extraversion, low openness, moderate agreeableness and low conscientiousness. Significant univariat…

Uso problemático del smartphone: el papel de los Cinco Grandes, la Tríada Oscura y la impulsividad

2021

Abstract. Este estudio examinó las relaciones entre los rasgos de personalidad de los cinco grandes (extraversión, afabilidad, neuroticismo, responsabilidad y apertura a la experiencia), la tríada oscura (maquiavelismo, psicopatía y narcisismo), la impulsividad y el uso problemático del smartphone. Doscientos dos participantes (52.48% hombres), con edades comprendidas entre los 18 y los 58 años, completaron el Ten-Item Personality Inventory, la Smartphone Addiction Scale, el Dirty Dozen y la escala de impulsividad de Plutchik. Los análisis de correlación mostraron que el uso problemático del smartphone estaba significativamente asociado a la extraversión, el neuroticismo, la impulsividad y …

Narcissus plays video games

2015

Abstract Two phenomena of our time have fascinated the general public and the scientific community alike: (a) narcissism as a personality characteristic with important implications for daily social functioning, and (b) the (vast) use of digital media such as video games. But how are these phenomena related to one another? To investigate this question, we administered an online survey to 2,891 individuals to assess their levels of narcissistic admiration and rivalry (NARQ; Back et al., 2013) and their video-gaming activities (frequency of playing, reasons for playing, preferred game genre and role). Results revealed that these narcissism dimensions were differentially related to video gaming…

Rasgos de personalidad, bienestar y malestar psicológico en usuarios de redes sociales que presentan conductas disruptivas online

2021

The present study focused on the analysis of online disruptive behavior that usually occurs among social network users. Individuals who perpetrate such behavior are commonly known as trolls or haters (Cheng, Danescu-Niculescu-Mitzil, & Leskovec, 2015). In general, they post comments, photos or provocative videos that do not pursue any purpose other than annoying or obtaining pleasure or fun (Brandel, 2007; Phillips, 2011). Recent studies have shown that certain personality traits are associated with the presence of such disruptive behavior. In this research, we studied normal personality traits, psychopathological traits, and dark personality traits in relation to disruptive behavior. The n…