Search results for "RULE"

Impact of biotic and abiotic factors on bacterial virulence

2013

Comma or no comma : two case studies on present-day English corpora

2012

Pilkun käyttö englannin kielessä nähdään yleensä yksioikoisena. Tietyt pilkkusäännöt ovat juurtuneet ihmisten käytäntöön ja usein on vaikea nähdä pilkkua niinkin monimutkaisena ja epäselvänä kuin se todellisuudessa on. Tutkin kandidaatin työssäni pilkun käyttöä lauseenalkuisten adverbiaalilausekkeiden According to X ja In + year jälkeen. Tämä on alue, jolla pilkun käyttöä on tutkittu hyvin vähän. Tarkastelin pilkun käyttöä kielenhuolto-oppaiden ja korpusdatan avulla selvittääkseni, mitkä asiat vaikuttavat siihen, käytetäänkö pilkkua vai ei. Hyödynsin tutkielmassani useita kielenhuolto-oppaita. Kiinnitin erityistä huomiota siihen, mitä lauseenalkuisten adverbiaalilausekkeiden jälkeisestä pil…

Microorganisms and Biotic Interactions

2014

SPE IPM; Most ecosystems are populated by a large number of diversified microorganisms, which interact with one another and form complex interaction networks. In addition, some of these microorganisms may colonize the surface or internal parts of plants and animals, thereby providing an additional level of interaction complexity. These microbial relations range from intraspecific to interspecific interactions, and from simple short-term interactions to intricate long-term ones. They have played a key role in the formation of plant and animal kingdoms, often resulting in coevolution; they control the size, activity level, and diversity patterns of microbial communities. Therefore, they modul…

Conrad Under Polish Eyes - or: is Conrad still "one of us"?

2015

This article discusses the attitude of Polish Conrad scholars towards Conrad and his works from the very beginning of his literary career to the present day, discussing the way they have perceived Conrad’s national identity and his cultural belonging. Although I aim to present a review of Polish criticism over the years, I pay particular attention to modern criticism, i.e. that of the period since the end of the Second World War, which includes the years of de facto communist rule (1945-1989). I try to determine whether Conrad is still “one of us”, whether he can be perceived as a moralist in the twenty-fi rst century and whether there is a need for such a moralist in present-day Poland.

Working with Multiple Ontologies on the Semantic Web.

2016

The standardization of the second generation Web Ontology Language, OWL, leaves a crucial issue for Web-based ontologies unsatisfactorily resolved: how to represent and reason with multiple distinct, but linked, ontologies. OWL provides the owl:imports construct which, roughly, allows Web ontologies to include other Web ontologies, but only by merging all the linked ontologies into a single logical "space". Recent work on multidimensional logics, fusions and other combinations of modal logics, distributed and contextual logics, and the like have tried to find formalisms wherein knowledge bases (and their logic) are kept more distinct but yet affect each other. These formalisms have various …

Reglas constitutivas: desde el paradima lógico-lingüístico al paradigma cognitivo

2022

In this chapter, starting from a criticism of J.R. Searle's conception of institutional reality, we develop a 'cognitive' interpretation of constitutive rules.

KERNEL ESTIMATION OF THE TRANSITION DENSITY IN BIFURCATING MARKOV CHAINS

2023

We study the kernel estimator of the transition density of bifurcating Markov chains. Under some ergodic and regularity properties, we prove that this estimator is consistent and asymptotically normal. Next, in the numerical studies, we propose two data-driven methods to choose the bandwidth parameters. These methods are based on the so-called two bandwidths approach.

Species size affects hatching response to different temperature regimes in a rotifer cryptic species complex

2013

The strategy of decreasing size with increasing temperature known as Bergmann’s rule operates at geographic scale and in spite of extensive studies still presents a puzzle to researches. The aim of this work was to verify whether patterns of diapausing egg hatching of closely related species are consistent with the expectations from Bergmann’s rule. In a laboratory study of the cryptic species complex of the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis, the response to temperature (17.5, 22.5, and 25.0 °C) of diapausing eggs collected in a pond where the three tested species coexist was assessed by (1) the number of hatchlings emerging or (2) the time needed to hatch. Our results show that the response to…

Wireless Sensor Network Operating System Design Rules Based on Real-World Deployment Survey

2013

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been a widely researched field since the beginning of the 21st century. The field is already maturing, and TinyOS has established itself as the de facto standard WSN Operating System (OS). However, the WSN researcher community is still active in building more flexible, efficient and user-friendly WSN operating systems. Often, WSN OS design is based either on practical requirements of a particular research project or research group's needs or on theoretical assumptions spread in the WSN community. The goal of this paper is to propose WSN OS design rules that are based on a thorough survey of 40 WSN deployments. The survey unveils trends of WSN applic…

Measurement of the spin-dependent structure function g1(x) of the deuteron

1993

We report on the first measurement of the spin-dependent structure function g1d of the deuteron in the deep inelastic scattering of polarised muons off polarised deuterons, in the kinematical range 0.006<x<0.6, 1 GeV2<Q2<30 GeV2. The first moment, Γ1d=sh{phonetic}01 g1d dx=0.023±0.020 (stat.) ± 0.015 (syst.), is smaller than the prediction of the Ellis-Jaffe sum rules. Using earlier measurements of g1p, we infer the first moment of the spin-dependent neutron structure function g1n. The difference Γ1p-Γ1n=0.20 ±0.05 (stat.) ± 0.04 (syst.) agrees with the prediction of the Bjorken sum rule, Γ1p-Γ1n=0.191 ±0.002.