Search results for "RUN"
showing 10 items of 2820 documents
Six Hundred Meter–Run and Broken 800’s Contribution to Pacing Improvement in Eight Hundred Meter–Athletics
2013
Little is known about the influence of speed endurance workouts on the improvement of pacing strategies in the 800-m running event. This study aims to analyze it, comparing continuous repetitions vs. interval training workouts. Because we hypothesize that pacing is susceptible to expertise, there might be age differences. Nineteen male 800-m runners (age: 21.36 ± 5.26, season best [SB]: 117.14 ± 5.18 seconds) were tested. Athletes were asked to run 1 × 600 m (6r) at 100% (SB) and 2 × 4 (200 m per 30 seconds) per 15 minutes (B8) at 102% (SB), counterbalanced and randomized within 1 week of difference. Pacing strategy (velocity dynamics) was analyzed by means of time differences in 200-m segm…
Inflammation, muscle damage and post-race physical activity following a mountain ultramarathon
2021
BACKGROUND: The study aimed at exploring whether muscle membrane disruption, as a surrogate for muscle damage, and inflammation recovery following a mountain ultramarathon (MUM) was related with race performance and post-race physical activity. METHODS: Blood samples were obtained from thirty-four athletes (29 men and 5 women) before a 118-km MUM, immediately after and three and seven days post-race. Creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were compared between faster (FR) and slower (SR) runners. Physical activity performed during the week following the MUM was objectively analyzed using accelerometers and compared between FR and SR. RESULTS: CK was s…
Wrist-worn accelerometers in assessment of energy expenditure during intensive training
2012
We assessed the ability of the Polar activity recorder (AR) to measure energy expenditure (EE) during military training. Twenty-four voluntary male conscripts participated in the study and wore an AR on the non-dominant wrist 24 h a day for 7 d. The AR analyzed and stored the frequency of hand movements (f_hand) into memory at 1 min intervals. The relationship between f_hand and EE was studied over a 7 d period of military training using the doubly labeled water (DLW) technique. In addition, the relationship between f_hand and EE was analyzed during walking and running on a treadmill with an indirect calorimeter (IC), and f_hand was measured during a supervised 45 min field march test where…
Effects of combined strength and sprint training on regulation of muscle contraction at the whole-muscle and single-fibre levels in elite master spri…
2008
The aims of this study were to investigate the mechanisms underlying (1) the ageing-related motor handicap at the whole muscle, cellular, contractile protein and myonuclear levels; and (2) ageing-related differences in muscle adaptability.In vivo muscles function was studied in the knee extensors. Decreases were observed in isokinetic and isometric torque outputs in old age in the sedentary men and women and elite master sprinters. A 20-week long specific sprint and resistance training successfully improved the maximal isometric force and rate of force development in a subgroup of master sprinters.In vitro measurements were performed in muscle biopsies from the vastus lateralis muscle. Immu…
Effects of endurance training on alkaline protease activities in rat skeletal muscles.
1983
This study aimed at comparing the effects of running and swimming training protocols and the termination of training on the activities of two proteases with alkaline pH-optima (alkaline protease and myofibrillar protease) in the tibialis anterior, soleus, and gastrocnemius muscles of male rats. The training on treadmill decreased the activities of alkaline and myofibrillar proteases by approx. 10-20% in the muscles studied. The activities of both proteases were unchanged in swimming-trained rats. Two weeks after the termination of running training the activity of alkaline protease was increased in gastrocnemius muscle but not in the other muscles. Swimming training increased the activity of…
Differences in axial segment reorientation during standing turns predict multiple falls in older adults
2011
Author's version of an article in the journal: Gait and Posture. Also available from the publisher at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2012.05.013 Background: The assessment of standing turning performance is proposed to predict fall risk in older adults. This study investigated differences in segmental coordination during a 360° standing turn task between older community-dwelling fallers and non-fallers. Methods: Thirty-five older adults age mean (SD) of 71 (5.4) years performed 360° standing turns. Head, trunk and pelvis position relative to the laboratory and each other were recorded using a Vicon motion analysis system. Fall incidence was monitored by monthly questionnaire over the…
Idiopathic infantile asymmetry, proposal of a measurement scale
2004
Abstract To evaluate the development of idiopathic infantile asymmetry and the efficacy of therapeutic interventions, spinal scoliosis can be quantified on the basis of radiographs. For obvious reasons, use of this technique is limited. Here we present a clinical method to describe and quantify infantile asymmetry. For item selection, spontaneous movements (SMs), reactive movements (RMs) and length differences were video recorded in 30 infants (median age 10 weeks, range 6–16) with variable degrees of asymmetry. Within these three categories, reactive movements elicited by head turns to the right and left side in the prone and supine position emerged as reliable parameters reflecting trunk …
Should we individualize training based on force-velocity profiling to improve physical performance in athletes?
2021
The present study aimed to examine the effectiveness of an individualized training program based on force-velocity (FV) profiling on jumping, sprinting, strength, and power in athletes. Forty national level team sport athletes (20 ± 4years, 83 ± 13 kg) from ice-hockey, handball, and soccer completed a 10-week training intervention. A theoretical optimal squat jump (SJ)-FV-profile was calculated from SJ with five different loads (0, 20, 40, 60, and 80 kg). Based on their initial FV-profile, athletes were randomized to train toward, away, or irrespective (balanced training) of their initial theoretical optimal FV-profile. The training content was matched between groups in terms of set x repet…
Epinephrine Preworkout Elevation May Offset Early Morning Melatonin Concentrations to Maintain Maximal Muscular Force and Power in Track Athletes
2014
The optimal time of day for training has become an important question for many strength and conditioning specialists, and this study was designed to add some insights into this complex question. The primary purpose of this investigation was to examine physical performance within the temporal context of the relationship between physical performance, epinephrine, and melatonin concentrations in the early morning (0530 hours) and late (1500 hours) afternoon in elite collegiate male track and field athletes (jumpers and sprinters). Subjects had a mean (±SD) age, height, and body mass of 20.4 (±1.6) years, 185.8 (±9.4) cm, and 77.9 (±8.5) kg, respectively. Blood was obtained before each AM and P…
Segmental anatomy of the vastus lateralis: guidelines for muscle-sparing flap harvest.
2014
Background: The vastus lateralis muscle is a versatile donor site for pedicled and free flaps that, despite great potential, remains unpopular. Although the muscle is classically described as a single belly, evidence exists for a more complex morphology. The aim of this study was to investigate the segmental anatomy of the vastus lateralis muscle and the feasibility of selective flap harvest. Methods: Ten cadaveric lower limbs were investigated. Muscular partitions were identified according to morphologic architecture, vascular supply, and nerve supply; guidelines for selective flap harvest were described. Twenty-three segmental vastus lateralis (n = 14) or chimeric anterolateral thigh-vast…