Search results for "Radiative Transfer"
showing 10 items of 551 documents
Analytical results forO(αs)radiative corrections toe+e−→tt¯↑up to a given gluon energy cut
2009
We determine the O({alpha}{sub s}) radiative corrections to polarized top quark pair production in e{sup +}e{sup -} annihilations with a specified gluon energy cut. We write down fully analytical results for the unpolarized and polarized O({alpha}{sub s}) cross sections e{sup +}e{sup -}{yields}tt(G) and e{sup +}e{sup -}{yields}tt{sup {up_arrow}}(G) including their polar orientation dependence relative to the beam direction. In the soft-gluon limit we recover the usual factorizing form known from the soft-gluon approximation. In the limit when the gluon energy cut takes its maximum value we recover the totally inclusive unpolarized and polarized cross sections calculated previously. We provi…
Stratospheric sulfur and its implications for radiative forcing simulated by the chemistry climate model EMAC
2015
Multiyear simulations with the atmospheric chemistry general circulation model EMAC with a microphysical modal aerosol module at high vertical resolution demonstrate that the sulfur gases COS and SO2, the latter from low-latitude and midlatitude volcanic eruptions, predominantly control the formation of stratospheric aerosol. Marine dimethyl sulfide (DMS) and other SO2 sources, including strong anthropogenic emissions in China, are found to play a minor role except in the lowermost stratosphere. Estimates of volcanic SO2 emissions are based on satellite observations using Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer and Ozone Monitoring Instrument for total injected mass and Michelson Interferometer fo…
Multiple Cost Functions and Regularization Options for Improved Retrieval of Leaf Chlorophyll Content and LAI through Inversion of the PROSAIL Model
2013
Abstract: Lookup-table (LUT)-based radiative transfer model inversion is considered a physically-sound and robust method to retrieve biophysical parameters from Earth observation data but regularization strategies are needed to mitigate the drawback of ill-posedness. We systematically evaluated various regularization options to improve leaf chlorophyll content (LCC) and leaf area index (LAI) retrievals over agricultural lands, including the role of (1) cost functions (CFs); (2) added noise; and (3) multiple solutions in LUT-based inversion. Three families of CFs were compared: information measures, M-estimates and minimum contrast methods. We have only selected CFs without additional parame…
Emulation of Leaf, Canopy and Atmosphere Radiative Transfer Models for Fast Global Sensitivity Analysis
2016
Physically-based radiative transfer models (RTMs) help understand the interactions of radiation with vegetation and atmosphere. However, advanced RTMs can be computationally burdensome, which makes them impractical in many real applications, especially when many state conditions and model couplings need to be studied. To overcome this problem, it is proposed to substitute RTMs through surrogate meta-models also named emulators. Emulators approximate the functioning of RTMs through statistical learning regression methods, and can open many new applications because of their computational efficiency and outstanding accuracy. Emulators allow fast global sensitivity analysis (GSA) studies on adv…
Physics with the KLOE-2 experiment at the upgraded DAFNE
2010
Investigation at a $\phi$--factory can shed light on several debated issues in particle physics. We discuss: i) recent theoretical development and experimental progress in kaon physics relevant for the Standard Model tests in the flavor sector, ii) the sensitivity we can reach in probing CPT and Quantum Mechanics from time evolution of entangled kaon states, iii) the interest for improving on the present measurements of non-leptonic and radiative decays of kaons and eta/eta$^\prime$ mesons, iv) the contribution to understand the nature of light scalar mesons, and v) the opportunity to search for narrow di-lepton resonances suggested by recent models proposing a hidden dark-matter sector. We…
Conditions for statistical determination of the neutrino mass spectrum in radiative emission of neutrino pairs in atoms
2016
The photon spectrum in macrocoherent atomic de-excitation via radiative emission of neutrino pairs (RENP) has been proposed as a sensitive probe of the neutrino mass spectrum, capable of competing with conventional neutrino experiments. In this paper we revisit this intriguing technique in order to quantify the requirements for statistical determination of some of the properties of the neutrino spectrum, in particular the neutrino mass scale and the mass ordering. Our results are sobering. We find that, even under ideal conditions, the determination of neutrino parameters needs experimental live times of the order of days to years for several laser frequencies, assuming a target of volume o…
Quest for precision in hadronic cross sections at low energy: Monte Carlo tools vs. experimental data
2010
We present the achievements of the last years of the experimental and theoretical groups working on hadronic cross section measurements at the low-energy e (+) e (-) colliders in Beijing, Frascati, Ithaca, Novosibirsk, Stanford and Tsukuba and on tau decays. We sketch the prospects in these fields for the years to come. We emphasise the status and the precision of the Monte Carlo generators used to analyse the hadronic cross section measurements obtained as well with energy scans as with radiative return, to determine luminosities and tau decays. The radiative corrections fully or approximately implemented in the various codes and the contribution of the vacuum polarisation are discussed.
The ultraviolet landscape of two-Higgs doublet models
2018
We study the predictions of generic ultraviolet completions of two-Higgs doublet models. We assume that at the matching scale between the two-Higgs doublet model and a ultraviolet complete theory -- which can be anywhere between the TeV and the Planck scale -- arbitrary but perturbative values for the quartic couplings are present. We evaluate the couplings down from the matching scale to the weak scale and study the predictions for the scalar mass spectrum. In particular, we show the importance of radiative corrections which are essential for both an accurate Higgs mass calculation as well as determining the stability of the electroweak vacuum. We study the relation between the mass splitt…
Top quark mass measurement in radiative events at electron-positron colliders
2020
In this letter, we evaluate potential of linear $e^+e^-$ colliders to measure the top quark mass in radiative events and in a suitable short-distance scheme. We present a calculation of the differential cross section for production of a top quark pair in association with an energetic photon from initial state radiation, as a function of the invariant mass of the $t\bar{t}$ system. This {\it matched} calculation includes the QCD enhancement of the cross section around the $t\bar{t}$ production threshold and remains valid in the continuum well above the threshold. The uncertainty in the top mass determination is evaluated in realistic operating scenarios for the Compact Linear Collider (CLIC)…
Optical study of GeO2–PbO–PbF2 oxyfluoride glass singly doped with Pr3+, Nd3+, Sm3+ and Eu3+
2005
Abstract Glasses with composition 50GeO 2 –(50 − x )PbO–5PbF 2 – x LnF 3 (Ln = Pr 3+ , Nd 3+ , Sm 3+ , Eu 3+ ) were synthesised in the bulk form. The content of PbF 2 was constant and amounted to 5 mol% whereas, the concentration of luminescent ions was 0.2 and 2 mol%. Spectroscopic properties (absorption, emission) of optically active ions were studied at room temperature. Oscillator strengths have been used to calculate phenomenological intensity parameters Ω 2,4,6 . Radiative transition probabilities as well as branching ratios and radiative lifetimes of luminescent levels were estimated. Lifetimes and the fluorescence dynamics were studied as a function of concentration. The Judd–Ofelt…