Search results for "Radical"
showing 10 items of 1401 documents
Male breast cancer: Reconstructive surgery
2020
The conventional treatment for male breast cancer consists of modified radical mastectomy with axillary sentinel node biopsy and/or axillary lymph node dissection in case of lymph node-positive disease. However, breast-conserving surgery (BCS) is gaining popularity also among men. In both cases, surgery leaves an aesthetic disfigurement that impacts patient well-being and quality of life. Thus, even if male breast has a different social and emotional role than female’s one, male breast reconstruction deserves the same importance. The aim of this chapter is to give a comprehensive review on latest indications and strategies for the post-oncological reconstructive surgery of the male breast.
Robot-assisted or pure laparoscopic nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy: What is the optimal procedure for the surgical margins? A single center expe…
2012
Objectives: To compare positive surgical margin rates after robot-assisted and pure laparoscopic radical prostatectomy when neurovascular bundles are preserved, and to identify parameters affecting surgical margin status. Methods: From March 2004 to January 2009, 279 consecutive prostatectomies with preservation of neurovascular bundles were carried out by the same surgeon: 175 robot-assisted radical prostatectomies and 104 laparoscopic radical prostatectomies. An intraperitoneal Montsouris's technique was used for all cases. Patient's age, body mass index, prostate weight, prostate-specific antigen level, clinical stage, preoperative and postoperative Gleason score, percentage of positiv…
Subcutaneous Vulvar Flap Viability Evaluation With Near-Infrared Probe and Indocyanine Green for Vulvar Cancer Reconstructive Surgery: A Feasible Tec…
2021
Introduction: Vulvar cancer is a rare condition affecting older women and accounts for 3–5% of all gynecological cancers. Primary surgical treatment involves the removal of a large amount of tissue for which reconstructive surgery is often necessary with a high rate of postoperative complications. Despite several techniques for the evaluation of vulvar flap viability have been proposed, many methods cannot be performed during surgery and require expensive devices often missing in a gynecological clinic. This study aims to verify the feasibility and the safety of the vulvar flap viability evaluation through a near-infrared endoscopic probe and Indocyanine green (ICG) tracer in a small group …
Segmental ureterectomy vs. radical nephroureterectomy for ureteral carcinoma in patients with a preoperative glomerular filtration rate less than 90 …
2020
Objectives: To compare segmental ureterectomy (SU) and radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) in terms of overall survival (OS) and impact on postoperative renal function in patients treated for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) of the ureter with preoperatively reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Materials and methods: We retrospectively collected the data of consecutive patients treated for UTUC, in 6 Italian tertiary referral centers, from 2003 to 2013, and analyzed those treated with RNU or SU for ureteral cancer and with a preoperative eGFR <90 ml/min/1.73m2. The primary outcome was to compare the postoperative eGFR variation and the OS according to the surgical tec…
In vitro free radical scavenging capacity of thyroid hormones and structural analogues.
2001
It was reported that thyroid hormones decreased Cu(2+)-induced low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation in vitro. Here, we investigated free radical scavenging capacities of thyroid hormones (3,5,3'-tri-iodo-L-thyronine (T(3)), thyroxine (T(4)) and 3,3',5'-tri-iodo-L-thyronine (rT(3))) and structural analogues (L-thyronine (T(0)), 3,5,3'tri-iodothyroacetic acid (TA(3)) and 3,5,3',5'-tetra-iodothyroacetic acid (TA(4))), using three different models of free radical generation. T(0), T(3) and TA(3) slowed down production of conjugated diene and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances during LDL oxidation by 2,2'-azobis-[2-amidinopropane] (water-soluble), whereas rT(3), T(4) and TA(4) had practi…
Differential effects of oxidized LDL on apolipoprotein AI and B synthesis in HepG2 cells
2006
Oxidized low-density lipoproteins (Ox-LDL) are key elements in atherogenesis. Apolipoprotein AI (apoAI) is an active component of the antiatherogenic high-density lipoproteins (HDL). In contrast, plasma apolipoprotein B (apoB), the main component of LDL, is highly correlated with coronary risk. Our results, obtained in HepG2 cells, show that Ox-LDL, unlike native LDL, leads to opposite effects on apoB and apoAI, namely a decrease in apoAI and an increase in apoB secretion as evaluated by [(3)H]leucine incorporation and specific immunoprecipitation. Parallel pulse-chase studies show that Ox-LDL impaired apoB degradation, whereas apoAI degradation was increased and mRNA levels were decreased.…
Role of the cyclic AMP-dependent pathway in free radical-induced cholesterol accumulation in vascular smooth muscle cells.
2000
We have previously reported that free radical-treated vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) lead to cholesterol accumulation in vitro. In the current study, we investigated the effects of oxidative stress on cyclic AMP concentration and cAMP-dependent enzymes involved in cholesterol homeostasis in A7r5 cells. Under our conditions of a mild oxidative stress, namely with no change in cell viability, we found that free radicals, initiated using azobis-amidinopropane dihydrochloride (AAPH), resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in cellular cAMP which was opposed by vitamin E preincubation. Although the addition of adenylate cyclase activators (carbacyclin and forskolin) increased cAMP levels it di…
Oxidative stress leads to cholesterol accumulation in vascular smooth muscle cells.
1999
The transformation of macrophages and smooth muscle cells into foam cells by modified low-density lipoproteins (LDL) is one of the key events of atherogenesis. Effects of free radicals have mainly been studied in LDL, and other than toxicity, data dealing with direct action of free radicals on cells are scarce. This study focused on the direct effects of free radicals on cholesterol metabolism of smooth muscle cells. A free radical generator, azobis-amidinopropane dihydrochloride, was used, and conditions for a standardized oxidative stress were set up in vascular smooth muscle cells. After free radical action, the cells presented an accumulation of cholesterol that appeared to be the resul…
EP1155 Endoscopic near infrared and indocyanine green to verify the viability of the subcutaneous flap for vulvar cancer
2019
Introduction/Background Vulvar cancer often requires radical vulvectomy with subsequent vulvar flap due to tumor aggressiveness and a high percentage of relapses. Approximately in 20–60% of cases, there are post-operative complications ranging from infection to wound dehiscence, lymphocele and flap necrosis that often require reoperation. Several methods have been described to verify the vitality of the flap, especially in plastic surgery, but these are often expensive and require specific machinery that is not generally present in a gynecological clinic. We present a viability verification of V-Y fasciocutaneous advancement flap for vulvar reconstruction by Endoscopic Near-Infrared and Ind…
Technical advances in radical retropubic prostatectomy techniques for avoiding complications. Part I: apical dissection
2003
Radical retropubic prostatectomy is currently the most widely used surgical treatment for localized prostate cancer. This once cumbersome procedure has developed technically over the last 20 years, reducing dramatically the associated complications and morbidity, e.g. blood loss, incontinence and impotence. Currently the operation is safe and is the best choice for eradicating localized disease, with little loss in quality of life. However, differences in reported outcomes indicate that there is still a need for standardization and continued efforts for surgical excellence. This review focuses on the crucial steps of the procedure, in two parts: the first covers apical dissection and the se…