Search results for "Radioisotope"

showing 10 items of 300 documents

Radio-metabolite analysis of carbon-11 biochemical partitioning to non-structural carbohydrates for integrated metabolism and transport studies.

2013

Metabolism and phloem transport of carbohydrates are interactive processes, yet each is often studied in isolation from the other. Carbon-11 ((11)C) has been successfully used to study transport and allocation processes dynamically over time. There is a need for techniques to determine metabolic partitioning of newly fixed carbon that are compatible with existing non-invasive (11)C-based methodologies for the study of phloem transport. In this report, we present methods using (11)C-labeled CO2 to trace carbon partitioning to the major non-structural carbohydrates in leaves-sucrose, glucose, fructose and starch. High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) was adapted to provide multis…

PhysiologyStarchCarbohydrateschemistry.chemical_elementFructoseBiological TransportStarchCell BiologyPlant ScienceGeneral MedicineMetabolismCarbohydrate metabolismMetabolite analysisPhloemPlantsPlant Leaveschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryBiochemistryPhloem transportCarbohydrate MetabolismCarbon RadioisotopesChromatography Thin LayerCarbonTransport studiesPlantcell physiology
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A low-level spectrometer with a planar low-energy HPGe: shielding arrangement tests and system performance for 210Pb determination in air filter samp…

2001

A system for low-energy photon spectrometry using a planar germanium detector with appropriate specifications is presented. A spectrometric background investigation has been carried out with various detector shielding arrangements. The characteristics of the system for measurements of 210Pb in air-particulate matter on filters have been determined.

Planar HPGeSettore ING-IND/20 - Misure E Strumentazione NucleariPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementGermaniumRadiation DosageAbsorptiometry PhotonPlanarOpticsRadiation MonitoringShieldingLow-level spectrometer210Pb measurementAir filterPhysicsAir PollutantsRadiationSpectrometerGermaniumbusiness.industryDetectorEnvironmental ExposureLead RadioisotopesEnvironmental exposureSemiconductor detectorchemistryElectromagnetic shieldingHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentbusinessAlgorithmsApplied Radiation and Isotopes
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Environmental impact of early Basque mining and smelting recorded in a high ash minerogenic peat deposit.

2004

International audience; More than four metres of core, covering almost 5000 years of deposition, were collected in a high ash minerogenic peat deposit located in the High Aldudes valley (Basque country), an area well known for its mineral abundance, exploited from Roman Times at least.Although minerogenic peatlands are not generally considered as the best archives to reconstruct past atmospheric metal deposition history, lead isotopic geochemistry demonstrates the integrity of the Pb record at least within the three upper meters; that is to say over the last four millennia.Zn, Cd and Cumay have been widely redistributed either by biological cycling, advective groundwater movements, or diffu…

Pollution010506 paleontologyEnvironmental EngineeringPeatEarth sciencemedia_common.quotation_subject[SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/GeographyAir pollutionAtmospheric deposition010501 environmental sciencesEnvironmentmedicine.disease_cause01 natural sciencesMining[ SHS.GEO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/GeographySoilMining engineeringMetals Heavymedicineddc:550Environmental ChemistryCarbon RadioisotopesWaste Management and DisposalHolocene0105 earth and related environmental sciencesmedia_commonSmelting[SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography15. Life on landPollutionLead isotopesDeposition (aerosol physics)Archaeology13. Climate actionSmeltingMetallurgyPollenRadiometric datingFrancePeat depositGroundwaterGeologyThe Science of the total environment
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Evaluation of [11C]Metergoline as a PET Radiotracer for 5HTR in Nonhuman Primates

2010

Metergoline, a serotonin receptor antagonist, was labeled with carbon-11 in order to evaluate its pharmacokinetics and distribution in non-human primates using positron emission tomography. [{sup 11}C]Metergoline had moderate brain uptake and exhibited heterogeneous specific binding, which was blocked by pretreatment with metergoline and altanserin throughout the cortex. Non-specific binding and insensitivity to changes in synaptic serotonin limit its potential as a PET radiotracer. However, the characterization of [{sup 11}C]metergoline pharmacokinetics and binding in the brain and peripheral organs using PET improves our understanding of metergoline drug pharmacology.

PrimatesMetergolinemedicine.medical_specialtyBiodistributionClinical BiochemistryPharmaceutical ScienceBiochemistryArticlechemistry.chemical_compoundPharmacokineticsInternal medicineDrug DiscoverymedicineDistribution (pharmacology)Serotonin receptor antagonistAnimalsTissue DistributionCarbon RadioisotopesMolecular BiologyChemistryOrganic ChemistryAntagonistBrainEndocrinologyPositron-Emission TomographyReceptors SerotoninAltanserinMetergolineMolecular MedicineSerotoninRadiopharmaceuticalsProtein Binding
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Dithiothreitol Treatment of Madin-Darby Canine Kidney Cells Reversibly Blocks Export from the Endoplasmic Reticulum but Does Not Affect Vectorial Tar…

1995

Addition of dithiothreitol (DTT) to the culture medium of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells blocks transport of newly synthesized gp80 (clusterin, apolipoprotein J), a soluble marker protein for apical exocytosis in this epithelial cell line. In cells treated with DTT during pulse labeling, gp80 is retained in the endoplasmic reticulum. After removal of the reducing agent, gp80 is posttranslationally oxidized and secreted at the apical surface of MDCK cell monolayers. This demonstrates that when folded and oxidized posttranslationally, gp80 can acquire a conformation that exhibits sorting signals for vectorial targeting. In the continuous presence of DTT, the transepithelial electrical…

Protein FoldingProtein ConformationBiologyEndoplasmic ReticulumKidneySulfur RadioisotopesBiochemistryEpitheliumExocytosisDithiothreitolCell LineMembrane Potentialssymbols.namesakechemistry.chemical_compoundDogsMethioninemedicineAnimalsCysteineSalivary Proteins and PeptidesMolecular BiologySecretory pathwayGlycoproteinsTight junctionEndoplasmic reticulumCell MembraneCell BiologyGolgi apparatusEpitheliumCell biologyDithiothreitolClusterinmedicine.anatomical_structureSecretory proteinchemistrysymbolsOxidation-ReductionProtein Processing Post-TranslationalMolecular ChaperonesJournal of Biological Chemistry
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Seasonal variation of air kerma in the "Vulcano Porto" area (Aeolian Islands, Italy).

2001

Abstract Air kerma was measured in the “Vulcano Porto” area of the Vulcano Island, belonging to the Aeolian Islands, in the Mediterranean Sea. Measurements were carried out using thermoluminescence dosimeters. The relationship between observed dose values and source lithology has been assessed. Data show a seasonal variation due to weather conditions but also probably related to features of the soils, making the variation more evident.

RadiationGeographyLithologyAirThoriumPotassium RadioisotopesUrban HealthSeasonalitymedicine.diseaseKermaMediterranean IslandsSoilMediterranean seaOceanographyItalyRadiation MonitoringmedicineEnvironmental scienceAeolian processesEnvironmental radioactivityUraniumPhysical geographySeasonsWeatherApplied radiation and isotopes : including data, instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture, industry and medicine
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Monte Carlo dosimetric study of the medium dose rate CSM40 source

2013

Abstract The 137Cs medium dose rate (MDR) CSM40 source model (Eckert & Ziegler BEBIG, Germany) is in clinical use but no dosimetric dataset has been published. This study aims to obtain dosimetric data for the CSM40 source for its use in clinical practice as required by the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) and the European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology (ESTRO). Penelope2008 and Geant4 Monte Carlo codes were used to characterize this source dosimetrically. It was located in an unbounded water phantom with composition and mass density as recommended by AAPM and ESTRO. Due to the low photon energies of 137Cs, absorbed dose was approximated by collisional kerma. Add…

RadiationPhotonPhantoms Imagingbusiness.industryChemistryRadiotherapy Planning Computer-Assistedmedicine.medical_treatmentMonte Carlo methodBrachytherapyWaterRadiotherapy DosageImaging phantomComputational physicsKermaCesium RadioisotopesAbsorbed dosemedicineAnisotropyHumansRadiometryNuclear medicinebusinessRadiation treatment planningMonte Carlo MethodUncertainty analysisApplied Radiation and Isotopes
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Poisoning histories in the Italian renaissance: The case of Pico Della Mirandola and Angelo Poliziano.

2018

Giovanni Pico della Mirandola and Angelo Poliziano were two of the most important humanists of the Italian Renaissance. They died suddenly in 1494 and their deaths have been for centuries a subject of debate. The exhumation of their remains offered the opportunity to study the cause of their death through a multidisciplinary research project. Anthropological analyses, together with documentary evidences, radiocarbon dating and ancient DNA analysis supported the identification of the remains attributed to Pico. Macroscopic examination did not reveal paleopathological lesions or signs related to syphilis. Heavy metals analysis, carried out on bones and mummified tissues, showed that in Pico's…

Radiocarbon datingChronic exposureMacroscopic examinationMaleHistoryItalian RenaissanceAncient historyBone and BonesPathology and Forensic MedicineArsenic03 medical and health sciencesForensic Toxicology0302 clinical medicineArsenic PoisoningAngelo PolizianoHumans0601 history and archaeology030216 legal & forensic medicineCarbon RadioisotopesDNA AncientHistory 15th CenturyMicroscopyAncient DNA060102 archaeologySpectrum AnalysisHeavy metals06 humanities and the artsGeneral MedicineEnvironmental ExposureMummiesPico della MirandolaAncient DNAItalyGirolamo benivieniMicroscopy Electron ScanningLawJournal of forensic and legal medicine
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Iodine determination in food samples using inductively coupled plasma isotope dilution mass spectrometry.

1998

Two different sample treatment methods are used in connection with inductively coupled plasma isotope dilution mass spectrometry for accurate and precise determinations of iodine traces in food samples. 129I-enriched iodate is applied as a spike compound for the isotope dilution step. Extraction of iodine by tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) solution at high temperatures in a closed vessel is one of the sample treatment methods. The other one is a complete decomposition of the sample with a mixture of perchloric acid and nitric acid using microwave assistance. By analyzing different certified reference materials (three milk powders with different iodine levels, BCR CRM 63, 150, and 151; …

Radioisotope Dilution TechniqueAnalytical chemistryIodateschemistry.chemical_elementIsotope dilutionIodineMass spectrometryNitric AcidMass SpectrometryAnalytical ChemistryIodine Radioisotopeschemistry.chemical_compoundAnimalsHumansMicrowavesIodateDetection limitChromatographyPerchloratesChemistryInfant NewbornReproducibility of ResultsIodine RadioisotopesQuaternary Ammonium CompoundsCertified reference materialsMilkLiverCattleInfant FoodDairy ProductsInductively coupled plasmaIodineAnalytical chemistry
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Isotope dilution inductively coupled plasma quadrupole mass spectrometry in connection with a chromatographic separation for ultra trace determinatio…

2000

An isotope dilution inductively coupled plasma quadrupole mass spectrometric (ID-ICP-QMS) method was developed for the simultaneous determination of the platinum group elements Pt, Pd, Ru, and Ir in environmental samples. Spike solutions, enriched with the isotopes 194Pt, 108Pd, 99Ru, and 191Ir, were used for the isotope dilution step. Interfering elements were eliminated by chromatographic separation using an anion-exchange resin. Samples were dissolved with aqua regia in a high pressure asher. Additional dissolution of possible silicate portions by hydrofluoric acid was usually not necessary. Detection limits of 0.15 ng x g(-1), 0.075 ng x g(-1), and 0.015 ng x g(-1) were achieved for Pt,…

Radioisotope Dilution TechniqueAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementDustIsotope dilutionChromatography Ion ExchangeMass spectrometrySensitivity and SpecificityBiochemistryMass SpectrometryRutheniumSoilchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryMetals HeavyAqua regiaEnvironmental PollutantsIridiumInductively coupled plasmaPlatinumPlatinumVehicle EmissionsPalladiumFresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry
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