Search results for "Radiological and Ultrasound Technology"

OC2.01: Examination of the fetal brain by three-dimensional ultrasound: potential for routine neurosonographic studies

2005

Objective: To evaluate the role of three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound in the assessment of the fetal brain and its potential for routine neurosonographic studies. Methods: We studied prospectively 202 consecutive brain fetuses between 16 and 24 weeks’ gestation. A 3D-ultrasound volume of the fetal head was acquired transabdominally. The entire brain anatomy was later analyzed by a sonologist expert in neonatal cranial sonography using the multiplanar images. The quality of the conventional planes obtained (coronal, sagittal and axial, at different levels) and the ability to visualize properly the major brain anatomic structures were evaluated. Results: Acceptable rendered cerebral volumes we…

EP11.09: Are femur and humerus lengths measured exactly by 3D ultrasound reliable parameters for the detection of Trisomy 21 in the second trimester?

2018

Brain Morphometry and Psychobehavioural Measures in Autistic Low-Functioning Subjects

1997

In the last two decades neurological research has significantly increased knowledge on the neuroanatomic bases of autism. Several autopsy and quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have reported central nervous system (CNS) abnormalities which may underlie the social, language and cognitive dysfunction typical of the autistic disorder.Despite the wealth of evidence that the “autistic brain” is different from normal in a number of structures, the relationship between the severity of the developmental impairment in autism and the degree of the brain abnormality remains unknown.The aim of the present study is to correlate the areas of some brain regions, as calculated on the bas…

CT evaluation of the renal donor and recipient

2018

Proper pre- and post-transplant diagnostic imaging work-up is fundamental in ensuring a successful outcome for renal transplantation. Despite exposure to ionizing radiation, CT has high spatial resolution and is a widely available and fast imaging technique. CT is performed routinely to delineate the anatomy of the kidney, relevant vasculature, and urinary collecting system in the living donor, to assess the iliac vessels in potential recipients prior to surgery, and to assess early and late-term post-transplant complications. The purpose of this article is to outline the optimal CT protocol and the main reportable findings for both the donor and the recipient diagnostic imaging work-up as …

Uncertainty on radiation doses estimated by biological and retrospective physical methods

2018

International audience; Biological and physical retrospective dosimetry are recognised as key techniques to provide individual estimates of dose following unplanned exposures to ionising radiation. Whilst there has been a relatively large amount of recent development in the biological and physical procedures, development of statistical analysis techniques has failed to keep pace. The aim of this paper is to review the current state of the art in uncertainty analysis techniques across the 'EURADOS Working Group 10- Retrospective dosimetry' members, to give concrete examples of implementation of the techniques recommended in the international standards, and to further promote the use of Monte…

OC249: Fetoscopic laser-therapy in twin-twin-transfusion-syndrome. Experience with the KTP-laser-technique

2003

Imaging funzionale per diffusione (DWI) e ischemia cerebrale in fase acuta: Potenzialità diagnostiche e confronto con metodiche convenzionali

1997

Stroke is the third leading cause of death and is a major cause of long-term disability. Neuroprotective treatment within a 4-hour «therapeutic window» has proved highly efficacious in reducing morbility and mortality in animal model. It is with this background that the need for emergent diagnosis and therapy of acute stroke in strongly suggested. Computed tomography (CT) shows the parenchymal changes of acute stroke too late to be helpful, and its role has been primarily to evaluate the possibility of intracerebral or subarachnoid hemorrhage. While conventional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging can demonstrate parenchymal abnormalities 4–6 hours after ischemia, newer techniques such as diff…

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and fibrosis: correlation between late gadolinium enhancement on CMR and speckle tracking imaging using Ultrasound

2015

Background Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most frequent genetic cardiovascular disorder and represents one of the most common cause of heart related sudden death in young adults. Myocardial fibrosis seems to be an independant predictor of adverse events including sudden death, ventricular arrhythmias and heart failure. While late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) on Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR) is actually the gold-standard to detect fibrosis, new techniques are being evaluated such as 2D strain echocardiography.

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance-derived aortic compliance, distensibility and pulse wave velocity at rest and during a supine bicycle exercise in y…

2014

Background Purpose: Risk of aortic rupture is evaluated based on the vessel diameter; this parameter is probably insufficient. In vivo evaluation of biomechanical property of the aortic tissue might be of interest to discriminate between normal and altered aortic tissue (A Lalande et al, JMRI 2008). The purpose of this study was to describe a technique to measure regional aortic compliance (AC), aortic distensibility (AD) and aortic stiffness with 1.5 T MRI in young individuals under resting conditions and during supine bicycle exercise.

Low-frequency ultrasound induces nonenzymatic thrombolysis in vitro.

2002

To evaluate whether ultrasound, applied over a distance of several centimeters and in the absence of thrombolytic agents, may have a thrombolytic effect on blood clots.Low-frequency (20 kHz) continuous wave ultrasound at different intensity levels (0.15-1.2 W/cm2) and exposure times (5, 10, and 20 minutes) was assessed for its potential to induce thrombolysis of fresh human blood clots. The ultrasound effect was also studied in combination with recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator-mediated thrombolysis. Experiments were carried out in a flow model in degassed sodium phosphate buffer at 37 degrees C at a distance of 3 cm from the ultrasonic probe to the blood clots. Regardless of ul…