Search results for "Rail"
showing 10 items of 699 documents
The Development and Precision of a Custom-Made Skitester
2021
In the sport of cross-country skiing, equipment has a direct influence on results. Ski teams do extensive testing of different ski base grinds and products on a yearly basis. To achieve reliable results, the quality of methods used for testing skis needs to be taken in to account in addition to factors including the physical characteristics of testing personnel and changes in weather conditions. The aim of this study was to introduce a custom-made skitester, that was developed for testing skis on real snow, in laboratory conditions, and to evaluate its precision. The current skitester is capable of glide testing both classic and skate skis as well as kick simulation for the testing of grip …
Relationship between cognitive performance and mobility over the life course
2018
We studied cross-sectional, longitudinal and temporal associations between executive function and life-space mobility in old age. We assessed the association between intellectual ability in early adulthood and physical functioning in old age, and the association between early life motor development and cognitive performance in early old age. The participants of the first dataset were 157 persons aged 76-91 y who were followed up for two years as part of the Life-Space Mobility in Old Age study, and who took part in measurements on executive function (EF) implemented with the Trail Making Test and Life-Space Assessment. The second dataset comprised persons from the Helsinki Birth Cohort Stud…
Executive function and life-space mobility in old age
2018
Life-space assessment incorporates all movements in terms of the distance from home, the frequency of movement and the need of assistance for movement. Executive function (EF) is an important higher order cognitive ability that controls and guides people’s goal-directed actions. We examined the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between EF and life-space mobility, and investigated if perceived walking difficulties, lower extremity performance, and transportation difficulties explain the association. Methods 157 community-dwelling persons aged 76–91 years participated in the study at the baseline, and 103 of them in 2-year follow-up study. Based on the distribution on the Trail Ma…
Inwestycje w sieci kolejowej Górnego Śląska w latach 1945−1990
2016
The article presents the changes in railway network in Upper Silesia in the years 1950-1990. In the mentioned period, three main processes of change may be distinguished. The period of the expansion of railway lines, which fell mainly for the years 1950−1980 with varying intensity. Besides the construction of new lines and second tracks, a modernization of technical equipment of the railway lines was undertaken. The period 1960−1990, which included the process of implementing the electrical traction in place of the outdated steam traction and the modern, but expensive diesel traction. The last phase of regression (liquidation) of the railway lines, which indicated the first symptoms in the …
Rail and Joint Bar (Fish Plate) NDE Advances in North America
2010
Improvement and development of rail track nondestructive inspection (NDI) technologies to reduce in-service failures of rail and joint bars (fish plates) in a continuous effort to make rail transport safer is a primary focus for the railroad industry. Researchers at The Transportation Technology Center, Inc., working under the direction of the Association of American Railroads and its Strategic Research Initiative Program, have worked with companies worldwide to develop novel NDI approaches for dynamic inspection of rail and joint bars. In the area of rail inspection an ultrasonic rail (U-Rail) system for noncontact rail flaw inspection has been developed. This system combines high energy l…
Early-Life Factors as Predictors of Age-Associated Deficit Accumulation Across 17 Years From Midlife Into Old Age
2022
Abstract Background Early-life exposures have been associated with the risk of frailty in old age. We investigated whether early-life exposures predict the level and rate of change in a frailty index (FI) from midlife into old age. Methods A linear mixed model analysis was performed using data from 3 measurement occasions over 17 years in participants from the Helsinki Birth Cohort Study (n = 2 000) aged 57–84 years. A 41-item FI was calculated on each occasion. Information on birth size, maternal body mass index (BMI), growth in infancy and childhood, childhood socioeconomic status (SES), and early-life stress (wartime separation from both parents) was obtained from registers and health ca…
Early life determinants of frailty in old age : the Helsinki Birth Cohort Stud
2018
Background there is evidence suggesting that several chronic diseases have their origins in utero and that development taking place during sensitive periods may affect the aging process. We investigated whether early life determinants would be associated with frailty in old age. Methods at a mean age of 71 years, 1,078 participants belonging to the Helsinki Birth Cohort Study were assessed for frailty according to the Fried frailty criteria. Early life measurements (birth weight, length, mother body mass index [BMI] and parity) were obtained from birth, child welfare and school health records. Multinomial regression analysis was used to assess the association between early life determinants…
An antique lead coffin discovered in Évreux (Eure): a multidisciplinary study
2013
The Roman cemetery of le Clos au Duc in Évreux (Eure) lasted from the 1st to the 4th c. AD. The most common funerary practice in the 1st c. AD was cremation. From the beginning of the 2nd c. AD this rapidly gave place to inhumation burials. By the end of the 3rd c. lead coffins could be found in burials, but it remained a minority practice reserved for an elite. The 2010 excavation in Évreux allowed the recovery of an example of these. It was incomplete, but the good preservation of its remains made a multidisciplinary study possible. Apart from the bones of a young woman, the lead coffin contained coins, textile, fur, calcite (CaCO3) and insects. These results make it possible to retrace t…
L'implantation des gares TGV en France: tensions interscalaires, jeux d'acteurs et recompositions spatiales
2010
L’extension du réseau de lignes à grande vitesse renouvelle le problème du positionnement des gares, notamment en France qui privilégie une logique d’efficacité fondée sur des dessertes rapides et cadencées entre grandes métropoles au détriment des espaces intermédiaires. Cette option se traduit par deux types de localisation : gare principale centrale pour les plus grandes villes et gare périphérique pour les villes petites et moyennes. Ces choix d’implantation résultent de processus interactifs qui concernent tous les niveaux de l’organisation spatiale. Ainsi, si on examine les processus de décision ayant conduit à l’implantation des gares TGV en France, ces choix et les stratégies de val…
Long-Term Prognostic Value of Cognitive Impairment on Top of Frailty in Older Adults after Acute Coronary Syndrome
2021
Frailty is a marker of poor prognosis in older adults after acute coronary syndrome. We investigated whether cognitive impairment provides additional prognostic information. The study population consisted of a prospective cohort of 342 older (>