Search results for "Rainwater"
showing 9 items of 39 documents
Major ions and trace elements composition of rainwater around the two industrial areas of Milazzo and Priolo Gargallo (Sicily - Italy)
2023
This database shows the concentration of major ions and trace elements in rainwater from two polluted industrial areas of Sicily, Milazzo and Priolo Gargallo, collected from June 2018 to July 2019, through a network of 11 bulk collectors to sample bulk atmospheric deposition, for a total of 131 samples collected. Different sources, both natural and anthropogenic, for both major ions and trace elements have been recognised. This study also highlighted some critical issues with common methods of sampling and analysing atmospheric deposition. The analysis and comparison of two different aliquots, filtered and unfiltered rainwater, has shown that the filtration method removes from the sample a …
Shallow urban aquifers under hyper-recharge equatorial conditions and strong anthropogenic constrains. Implications in terms of groundwater resources…
2021
Abstract Humid equatorial regions are recognized as the least documented in term of hydrogeological functioning of aquifers despite the fact that they house a lot of developing countries and that groundwater is often the main water resource. Regarding this aspect, a study was conducted in sub-Saharan Africa, focusing on the Mio-Pliocene aquifer in Douala megacity (Cameroon) which is the rainiest city in West-Africa (about 4000 mm/year) with one of the greatest demographic growth rate of the African continent. Firstly, groundwater recharge rate has been calculated through water balance and Water Table Fluctuation methods. Results show that the aquifer is characterized by a high recharge of 6…
Passive degassing at Nyiragongo (D.R. Congo) and Etna (Italy) volcanoes
2014
Volcanoes are well known as an impressive large natural source of trace elements into the troposphere. Etna (Italy) and Nyiragongo (D.R. Congo) are two stratovolcanoes located in different geological settings, both characterized by persistent passive degassing from their summit craters. Here, we present some results on trace element composition in volcanic plume emissions, atmospheric bulk deposition (rainwater) and their uptake by the surrounding vegetation, with the aim to compare and identify differences and similarities between these two volcanoes. Volcanic emissions were sampled by using active filter-packs for acid gases (sulfur and halogens) and specific teflon filters for particulat…
A christmas gift: Signature of the 24th December 2018 eruption of Mt. Etna on the chemical composition of bulk deposition in eastern sicily
2020
The eruption of Mt. Etna which occurred on December 24th 2018 was characterized by strombolian activity and fire fountains, emitted by the New South-East Crater and along a fissure that propagated towards the SE. The influence of volcanic emissions on atmospheric deposition was clearly detectable at several kilometres from the source. Wet and dry (bulk) deposition samples were collected each month, through a network of eleven collectors, in the areas of Milazzo, and Priolo between June 2018 and June 2019. They were analysed for major ions and trace elements concentrations. The pH values range from 3.9 to 8.3, while the EC values range from 7 to 396 μS cm-1. An extensive neutralization of th…
The Impact of Green Roofs on the Parameters of the Environment in Urban Areas—Review
2019
This study presents the results of a review of publications conducted by researchers in a variety of climates on the implementation of ‘green roofs’ and their impact on the urban environment. Features of green roofs in urban areas have been characterized by a particular emphasis on: Filtration of air pollutants and oxygen production, reduction of rainwater volume discharged from roof surfaces, reduction of so-called ‘urban heat islands’, as well as improvements to roof surface insulation (including noise reduction properties). The review of the publications confirmed the necessity to conduct research to determine the coefficients of the impact of green roofs on the environment in the city c…
Model research on the influence of green roofs on environmental parameters in urban agglomerations
2018
The intensive development of urban agglomerations in Poland and other European countries has rendered the growth of biologically active areas more important with respect the quality of the urban environment. Taking the rapidly rising prices of plots in city centers into consideration, it is worth noting the vast surfaces of building roofs that can be used as biologically active areas. The term green roof is to be understood as an open, overgrown surface on a multilayer roof of a building. Green roofs can only be made on a planar surface with an inclination of 2% to 30%. In accordance with the type of usage, construction factors and maintenance requirements, green roofs are typically defined…
Rainwater reuse in urban areas: a mathematical model and a longterm modelling approach
2018
Natural water resources are becoming increasingly limited due to global-scale climate change and water availability issues have become so severe that they must be addressed. Given these issues, reuse of wastewater and rainwater provides a promising way to cope with water shortages. This paper describes an investigation into the efficiency of rainwater usage systems. A conceptual model was built to assess the behaviour of rainwater tanks and their effectiveness in coping with water shortages. The study is based on a long-term simulation (12 years) of different rainwater reuse tank schemes. The associated reductions in residential freshwater demand (water reuse efficiency) and wetweather runo…
Chemical and isotopic characterization of rainwater in volcanic, urban and industrial areas of Sicily (Italy)
2021
The chemical composition of rainwater depends on (i) the dissolution of gases and particulate matter emitted by different sources, (ii) the chemical and physical reactions occurring during local and regional scale transport, and (iii) removal processes. The source of major and trace elements dissolved in rainwater can be both natural (e.g. sea salts, volcanic emissions, geogenic dust, biogenic material) and anthropogenic (e.g. industrial plants, vehicular traffic, domestic heating, vessel traffic). A group of trace elements has been recently brought to attention, especially for their possible environmental impacts, the Technology-critical elements (TCEs): Ga, Ge, In, Te, Nb, Ta, Tl, the Pla…
Selenium around Etna Volcano, Italy
2010
Humans are attracted by the fertile properties of volcanic soils and currently around 10% of the world population lives within active volcanic areas. Volcanoes emit significantly amounts of potentially toxic elements such as selenium (Se), even in the absence of obvious volcanic activity. Although Se is an essential element for humans, ingestion of an excess amount of Se can produce adverse effects. Mt. Etna, the biggest volcano in Europe, is persistently active for the last 200,000 years and one of the most intensely monitored volcanoes. We have studied selenium in rainwater and soils from Mt Etna volcano. Bulk depositions were collected from April 2006 to December 2007, using a network of…