Search results for "Random"
showing 10 items of 3931 documents
Oral vitamin K versus placebo to correct excessive anticoagulation in patients receiving warfarin: A randomized trial
2009
BACKGROUND: Low-dose oral vitamin K decreases the international normalized ratio (INR) in overanticoagulated patients who receive warfarin therapy. Its effects on bleeding events are uncertain. OBJECTIVE: To see whether low-dose oral vitamin K reduces bleeding events over 90 days in patients with warfarin-associated coagulopathy. DESIGN: Multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Randomization was computer-generated, and participants were allocated to trial groups by using sequentially numbered study drug containers. Patients, caregivers, and those who assessed outcomes were blinded to treatment assignment. SETTING: 14 anticoagulant therapy clinics in Canada, the United States, and …
Efficacy of the long-acting nitro vasodilator pentaerithrityl tetranitrate in patients with chronic stable angina pectoris receiving anti-anginal bac…
2013
Background The organic nitrate pentaerithrityl tetranitrate (PETN) has been shown to have ancillary properties that prevent the development of tolerance and endothelial dysfunction. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre study (‘CLEOPATRA’ study) was designed to investigate the anti-ischaemic efficacy of PETN 80 mg b.i.d. (morning and mid-day) over placebo in patients with chronic stable angina pectoris. Methods and results A total of 655 patients were evaluated in the intention-to-treat population, randomized to PETN (80 mg b.i.d., n = 328) or placebo ( n = 327) and completed the study. Patients underwent treadmill exercise tests at randomization, after 6 and 12 wee…
A randomized multicentre trial to compare revascularization with optimal medical therapy for the treatment of chronic total coronary occlusions
2018
Aims: The clinical value of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for chronic coronary total occlusions (CTOs) is not established by randomized trials. This study should compare the benefit of PCI vs. optimal medical therapy (OMT) on the health status in patients with at least one CTO.Method and results: Three hundred and ninety-six patients were enrolled in a prospective randomized, multicentre, open-label, and controlled clinical trial to compare the treatment by PCI with OMT with a 2:1 randomization ratio. The primary endpoint was the change in health status assessed by the Seattle angina questionnaire (SAQ) between baseline and 12 months follow-up. Fifty-two percent of patients have …
Echinostoma caproni: kinetics of IgM, IgA and IgG subclasses in the serum and intestine of experimentally infected rats and mice.
2007
The kinetics of specific immunoglobulin M, A and IgG subclasses against Echinostoma caproni (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) were analyzed in serum and intestinal fluid of two host species (Wistar rats and ICR mice) in which the course of the infection markedly differs. In rats, the worms were rapidly expelled, whereas E. caproni evokes in mice long-lasting infection. The pattern of antibody responses in both serum and intestinal samples was different in each host species. Serum responses in mice were characterized by significant increases of IgM, IgA, total IgG, IgG1 and IgG3, but not IgG2a. In contrast, serum responses in rats showed elevated levels of IgM, probably in relation to thymus-ind…
Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms: What's New in Medical Treatment?
2018
Abstract Context Pharmacological treatment is a cornerstone in the management of patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Objective To review emerging evidence in the medical treatment of LUTS. Evidence acquisition An Embase/Pubmed-based literature search was conducted in December 2017, screening for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), prospective and retrospective series, animal model studies, and reviews on medical treatment of LUTS. Evidence synthesis The main medical innovation in recent years in overactive bladder (OAB) has been the approval of the first β 3 -adrenoceptor agonists (mirabegron) and intradetrusor onabotulinum toxin A, while several other drugs such as antiepil…
Active compression-decompression resuscitation: a prospective, randomized study in a two-tiered EMS system with physicians in the field.
1996
Improved cardiopulmonary circulation with active compression-decompression cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ACD-CPR) has been demonstrated in studies using different animal models and a small number of humans in cardiac arrest (CA). However, prehospital studies have shown both positive and no extra benefit of ACD-CPR on return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), hospital admission and discharge rates. The aim of our prospective study was to compare standard manual CPR (S-CPR) with ACD-CPR as the initial technique of resuscitating patients with out-of-hospital CA, with respect to survival rates and neurological outcome. Patients with out-of-hospital CA treated by emergency medical services (EMS…
A New Model of Oxidative Stress in Rat Pups
2007
<i>Background:</i> With current evidence, no specific oxygen concentration can yet be recommended in the resuscitation of the depressed term neonate. <i>Objectives:</i> To design a neonatal rat model of resuscitation that mimics birth hypoxia and allows the study of the effects of resuscitation on outcome. <i>Methods:</i> Several key determinants were established utilizing P12 Sprague-Dawley rat pups. These include the ventilatory settings necessary to maintain normocarbic conditions and the amount and duration of hypoxia required to cause significant disruption of oxidative metabolism in the subjects’ brains. Biochemical and cellular markers of oxidative…
Apoptosis is not involved in the mechanism of myocardial dysfunction after resuscitation in a rat model of cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resusci…
2010
OBJECTIVE To investigate the presence of apoptosis after the global myocardial ischemia of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and the regional myocardial ischemia after left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion and relate it to the severity of postresuscitation myocardial dysfunction. DESIGN Prospective animal study. SETTING University-affiliated animal research laboratory. SUBJECTS Male Sprague-Dawley rats. INTERVENTIONS Fifteen male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 450-550 g were randomized to: (1) 8 mins of untreated cardiac arrest followed by 6 mins of cardiopulmonary resuscitation; (2)left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion for 45 mins followed by 4 hrs of reperfusion; and (…
Mucositis in irradiated cancer patients: effects of an antiseptic mouthrinse.
2009
Objective: To assess the effects of an antiseptic, non-alcohol based mouth-rinse containing chlorhexidine and cetylpyridinium chloride, in preventing the oral complications associated to radiation therapy in head-and-neck cancer patients. Study design: This was a parallel, double blind, prospective, randomized clinical trial. Cancer patients were randomly assigned to one of the two treatments (test mouth-rinse or a placebo). Three visits were scheduled (baseline, 14 and 28 days). Different outcome variables were evaluated: mucositis, plaque and gingival indices, stimulated saliva and salivary pH. Results: 70 patients were screened and 36 were included. The presence and the degree of mucosit…
Vitamin C supplementation does not improve hypoxia-induced erythropoiesis.
2012
Martinez-Bello,Vladimir E., Fabian Sanchis-Gomar, Daniel Martinez-Bello, Gloria Olaso-Gonzalez, Mari Carmen Gomez-Cabrera, and Jose Viña. Vitamin C Supplementation Does Not Improve Hypoxia-Induced Erythropoiesis. High Alt Med Biol 13:269–274, 2012.—Hypoxia induces reactive oxygen species production. Supplements with antioxidant mixtures can compensate for the decline in red cell membrane stability following intermittent hypobaric hypoxia by decreasing protein and lipid oxidation. We aimed to determine whether supplementation with vitamin C is implicated in the regulation of erythropoiesis and in the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood, and also whether antioxidant supplementation prevents…