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showing 10 items of 3931 documents

Noise-induced enhancement of stability in a metastable system with damping

2010

5 páginas, 5 figuras.-- PACS number(s): 05.40.-a, 02.50.-r

PhysicsFluctuation phenomena random processes noise and Brownian motionCondensed matter physicsProbability theory stochastic processes and statisticFunction (mathematics)Stability (probability)Settore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaProbability theory stochastic processes and statistics; Fluctuation phenomena random processes noise and Brownian motionColors of noiseMetastabilityQuantum mechanicsParticleFirst-hitting-time modelNoise (radio)Brownian motion
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TRANSIENT DYNAMICS AND ASYMPTOTIC POPULATIONS IN A DRIVEN METASTABLE QUANTUM SYSTEM

2013

The transient dynamics of a periodically driven metastable quantum system, interacting with a heat bath, is investigated. The time evolution of the populations, within the framework of the Feynman–Vernon influ- ence functional and in the discrete variable representation, is analyzed by varying the parameters of the external driving. The results display strong non-monotonic behaviour of the populations with respect to the driving frequency.

PhysicsFluctuation phenomena random processes noise and Brownian motionDynamics (mechanics)quantum statistical methodGeneral Physics and AstronomyRELAXATIONDecoherenceSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaNOISEQuantum systems with finite Hilbert spaceClassical mechanicsRELAXATION; NOISEMetastabilityQuantum systemTransient (oscillation)open system
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Noise effects in two different biological systems

2009

We investigate the role of the colored noise in two biological systems: (i) adults of Nezara viridula (L.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae), and (ii) polymer translocation. In the first system we analyze, by directionality tests, the response of N. viridula individuals to subthreshold signals plus noise in their mating behaviour. The percentage of insects that react to the subthreshold signal shows a nonmonotonic behaviour, characterized by the presence of a maximum, as a function of the noise intensity. This is the signature of the non-dynamical stochastic resonance phenomenon. By using a “soft” threshold model we find that the maximum of the input-output cross correlation occurs in the same ra…

PhysicsFluctuation phenomena random processes noise and Brownian motionQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesCondensed matter physicsBistabilityStochastic resonanceStochastic processMolecular dynamics Brownian dynamicThermal fluctuationsMolecular interactionWhite noiseNoise in biological systemCondensed Matter PhysicsMolecular physicsSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Electronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsColors of noiseBrownian dynamicsPolymermembrane-protein interactionsNoise (radio)Biophysical mechanisms of interaction
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Dynamics of a FitzHugh-Nagumo system subjected to autocorrelated noise

2008

We analyze the dynamics of the FitzHugh-Nagumo (FHN) model in the presence of colored noise and a periodic signal. Two cases are considered: (i) the dynamics of the membrane potential is affected by the noise, (ii) the slow dynamics of the recovery variable is subject to noise. We investigate the role of the colored noise on the neuron dynamics by the mean response time (MRT) of the neuron. We find meaningful modifications of the resonant activation (RA) and noise enhanced stability (NES) phenomena due to the correlation time of the noise. For strongly correlated noise we observe suppression of NES effect and persistence of RA phenomenon, with an efficiency enhancement of the neuronal respo…

PhysicsFluctuation phenomena random processes noise and Brownian motionSettore FIS/02 - Fisica Teorica Modelli E Metodi MatematiciAutocorrelationDynamics (mechanics)Mean and predicted responseModels of single neurons and networks; Noise in the nervous system; Fluctuation phenomena random processes noise and Brownian motion; Nonlinear dynamics and chaosFOS: Physical sciencesNoise in the nervous systemModels of single neurons and networkCondensed Matter PhysicsFitzhugh nagumoNonlinear dynamics and chaosStability (probability)Electronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPeriodic functionNoiseColors of noiseBiological Physics (physics.bio-ph)Statistical physicsPhysics - Biological Physics
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Moment Equations for a Spatially Extended System of Two Competing Species

2005

The dynamics of a spatially extended system of two competing species in the presence of two noise sources is studied. A correlated dichotomous noise acts on the interaction parameter and a multiplicative white noise affects directly the dynamics of the two species. To describe the spatial distribution of the species we use a model based on Lotka-Volterra (LV) equations. By writing them in a mean field form, the corresponding moment equations for the species concentrations are obtained in Gaussian approximation. In this formalism the system dynamics is analyzed for different values of the multiplicative noise intensity. Finally by comparing these results with those obtained by direct simulat…

PhysicsFluctuation phenomena random processes noise and Brownian motionSettore FIS/02 - Fisica Teorica Modelli E Metodi MatematiciStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)Multiplicative white noiseFOS: Physical sciencesFluctuation phenomena random processes noise and Brownian motion; Nonlinear dynamics and nonlinear dynamical systems; Population dynamics and ecological pattern formationCondensed Matter PhysicsSpatial distributionMultiplicative noiseElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsSystem dynamicsMean field theorySpatial ecologyQuantitative Biology::Populations and EvolutionStatistical physicsNonlinear dynamics and nonlinear dynamical systemCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsMoment equationsCoupled map latticePopulation dynamics and ecological pattern formation
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On the interdependence between ground and one-phonon RPA states

1998

Working within a schematic model and in a boson formalism, we provide a descrip tion of the ground and first-excited states of a nuclear system in terms of two independent phonon operators. The description reveals itself quite effective in reproducing the energies of the states. A comparison between these two phonon operators allows us to localize a region where a correct description of these states is compatible with the Random Phase Approximation (RPA) requirement of a single phonon. This region is found to coincide approximately with that spanned by the standard RPA. Outside this region, the two phonons start differing rapidly therefore making the application of the RPA scheme impossible…

PhysicsFormalism (philosophy of mathematics)PhononQuantum mechanicsQuantum electrodynamicsNuclear TheoryGeneral Physics and AstronomyCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsSchematic modelNuclear systemRandom phase approximationBosonEurophysics Letters (EPL)
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STOCHASTIC DYNAMICS OF TWO PICOPHYTOPLANKTON POPULATIONS IN A REAL MARINE ECOSYSTEM

2013

A stochastic reaction-diffusion-taxis model is analyzed to get the stationary distribution along water column of two species of picophytoplankton, that is picoeukaryotes and Prochlorococcus. The model is valid for weakly mixed waters, typical of the Mediterranean Sea. External random fluctuations are considered by adding a multiplicative Gaussian noise to the dynamical equation of the nutrient concentration. The statistical tests show that shape and magnitude of the theoretical concentration profile exhibit a good agreement with the experimental findings. Finally, we study the effects of seasonal variations on picophytoplankton groups, including an oscillating term in the auxiliary equation…

PhysicsGeneral Physics and AstronomySpatial ecology; Marine ecosystems; Phytoplankton dynamics; Deep chlorophyll maximum; Random processes; Stochastic differential equationsRandom processeSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)OceanographyStochastic dynamicsMarine ecosystemStochastic differential equationsSpatial ecologyDeep chlorophyll maximumMarine ecosystemPhytoplankton dynamic
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The Random-Phase Approximation

2007

In this chapter we extend the TDA particle-hole formalism of Chap. 9 to include correlations in the nuclear ground state. This sophisticated particle-hole formalism is called the random-phase approximation (RPA). In this description the simple Hartree-Fock particle-hole vacuum is replaced by a correlated ground state involving many-particle-many-hole excitations of the simple particle-hole vacuum. The resulting configuration mixing in excited states is more involved in the RPA than it is in the TDA. The ground-state correlations induce both particle-hole and hole-particle components in the RPA wave function.

PhysicsGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyMuffin-tin approximationAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaQuantum mechanicsExcited stateNuclear TheoryBorn–Huang approximationDiscrete dipole approximation codesSpouge's approximationGround stateRandom phase approximationEikonal approximation
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One-Dimensional Diffusion

2009

PhysicsHeterogeneous random walk in one dimensionOne dimensional diffusionAnomalous diffusionStochastic processStatistical physicsDiffusion (business)Random walk
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Nuclear matrix elements for double beta decay in the QRPA approach: a critical review

2009

The calculation of nuclear matrix elements (NME) for double beta decay transitions (DBD) relies upon several approximations. The purpose of this note is to review some of these approximations, and their impact upon the NME. We shall present our results, which have been obtained in the framework of the proton-neutron quasiparticle random phase approximation (pnQRPA), and we shall focus on short range correlations, pairing, and symmetry effects.

PhysicsHistoryFísicaSymmetry (physics)Computer Science ApplicationsEducationNuclear physicsTheoretical physicsRange (mathematics)Double beta decayPairingNuclear matrix elementsQuasiparticleNeutrinoless double beta decayRandom phase approximationPairing correlations
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