Search results for "Random"
showing 10 items of 3931 documents
Add-on salmeterol compared to double dose fluticasone in pediatric asthma: A double-blind, randomized trial (VIAPAED)
2009
Rationale In asthmatic children whose symptoms are uncontrolled on standard doses of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), guidelines recommend to either increase the ICS dose or to add further controller medication, e.g. a long acting s2-agonist (LABA). The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of doubling the dose of ICS (fluticasone proprionate FP 200 µg twice daily) with adding a long-acting beta-2 agonist to the ICS (SFC, salmeterol 50 µg/ FP 100 µg twice daily) in children with uncontrolled asthma. Methods Children between 4 and 16 years of age were eligible for this multicenter, randomized, double blind, double dummy, parallel-group study. During a 14-day run-in phase, al…
Hybrid minimally invasive esophagectomy for esophageal cancer : less is more
2019
In a recently published multi-center randomized controlled trial ( New England Journal of Medicine 2019;380:152-162) Christophe Mariette and colleagues compared open transthoracic esophagectomy to hybrid esophagectomy (open thoracic phase, laparoscopic abdominal phase) for patients with resectable cancer of the middle or lower third of the esophagus (MIRO trial) (1).
COVID-19 y tabaquismo: revisión sistemática y metaanálisis de la evidencia
2021
RESUMEN Objetivo: el objetivo del estudio ha sido responder a las siguientes preguntas: ¿Se asocia el consumo de tabaco en pacientes con Covid-19 con una progresión negativa y desenlace adverso de la enfermedad? y, ¿se asocia el consumo de tabaco, actual y pasado, a una mayor posibilidad de desarrollar COVID-19? Material y Métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática (RS) y metaanálisis (MA) de trabajos publicados previamente. La estrategia de búsqueda incluyó todos los descriptores conocidos sobre Covid-19 y tabaco y se realizó en diferentes bases de datos. Se utilizaron modelos estadísticos adecuados para abordar el tamaño del efecto en un metaanálisis: modelo de efectos aleatorios y de e…
The effect of tiotropium/olodaterol versus fluticasone propionate/salmeterol on left ventricular filling and lung hyperinflation in patients with COPD
2020
This exploratory, randomised, double-blind, double-dummy, multicentre, cross-over study explored the effect of 6 weeks of treatment with tiotropium/olodaterol (T/O) versus fluticasone propionate/salmeterol (F/S) on left ventricular filling in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with functional residual capacity (FRC) >120% predicted and postbronchodilator improvement of FRC ≥7.5%. Overall, 76 patients were randomised across nine sites. Treatment with T/O or F/S increased left ventricular end-diastolic volume index from baseline (adjusted mean change: T/O: 2.317 mL/m2, F/S: 2.855 mL/m2), with no statistically significant difference between treatments. However, T/O resulted…
Withdrawal of inhaled corticosteroids in COPD: A meta-analysis
2017
Background Conflicting findings exist on the benefit of withdrawal of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We performed a quantitative synthesis in order to assess real impact of ICS discontinuation in COPD patients. Methods We carried out a meta-analysis via random-effects model on the available clinical evidence to evaluate the effect of ICS discontinuation in COPD. Randomized clinical trials and observational real-life studies investigating the effects of ICS withdrawal on the risk of COPD exacerbation, lung function (forced expiratory volume in 1 s [FEV1]) and quality of life (St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire [SGRQ]) were identified by sear…
Onset of Effect, Changes in Airflow Obstruction and Lung Volume, and Health-Related Quality of Life Improvements with Benralizumab for Patients with …
2020
Reynold A Panettieri Jr,1 Tobias Welte,2 Kartik V Shenoy,3 Stephanie Korn,4 Margret Jandl,5 Edward M Kerwin,6 Rosa Feijoo,7 Peter Barker,8 Richard F Olsson,9 Ubaldo J Martin8 On behalf of the SOLANA Study Investigators1Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; 2Department of Respiratory Medicine, Member of the German Center of Lung Research, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany; 3Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA; 4Pulmonary Department, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Langenbeckstr, Mainz, Germany; 5Hamburger Institut Für Th…
Probabilistic foundations of contextuality
2017
Contextuality is usually defined as absence of a joint distribution for a set of measurements (random variables) with known joint distributions of some of its subsets. However, if these subsets of measurements are not disjoint, contextuality is mathematically impossible even if one generally allows (as one must) for random variables not to be jointly distributed. To avoid contradictions one has to adopt the Contextuality-by-Default approach: measurements made in different contexts are always distinct and stochastically unrelated to each other. Contextuality is reformulated then in terms of the (im)possibility of imposing on all the measurements in a system a joint distribution of a particul…
Quantum Entanglement and the Issue of Selective Influences in Psychology: An Overview
2012
Similar formalisms have been independently developed in psychology, to deal with the issue of selective influences (deciding which of several experimental manipulations selectively influences each of several, generally non-independent, response variables), and in quantum mechanics (QM), to deal with the EPR entanglement phenomena (deciding whether an EPR experiment allows for a "classical" account). The parallels between these problems are established by observing that any two noncommuting measurements in QM are mutually exclusive and can therefore be treated as analogs of different values of one and the same input. Both problems reduce to that of the existence of a jointly distributed syst…
A dilute solution of garlands is equivalent to them-vector model
1990
We formulate a simple model of homogeneous garlands, which is valid for polymers, consisting of a thin main chain with large side groups placed equidistantly along the chain. The garlands continuouly change from selfavoiding walks,M=0, to random walks,m=1, to possibly ordered structures.
Least gradient functions in metric random walk spaces
2019
In this paper we study least gradient functions in metric random walk spaces, which include as particular cases the least gradient functions on locally finite weighted connected graphs and nonlocal least gradient functions on $\mathbb{R}^N$. Assuming that a Poincar\'e inequality is satisfied, we study the Euler-Lagrange equation associated with the least gradient problem. We also prove the Poincar\'e inequality in a few settings.