Search results for "Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic"

showing 10 items of 435 documents

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: the therapeutic challenge of a global epidemic.

2011

Nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) and especially its inflammatory variant nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) have become a major challenge to healthcare systems worldwide because of the increasing prevalence of its major risk factors obesity and type 2 diabetes, which are closely linked to overeating, physical inactivity, and the metabolic syndrome.Between 10 and 20% of patients with NAFL develop NASH, which can progress to cirrhosis, end-stage liver disease, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The overall mortality in these patients is significantly increased because of both cardiovascular and liver-related complications. Sustained weight loss by diet and exercise, which is the most effective the…

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitisDiet ReducingEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismAnti-Inflammatory AgentsType 2 diabetesBioinformaticsBile Acids and SaltsNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseGeneticsmedicineAnimalsHumansHypoglycemic AgentsObesityEpidemicsMolecular BiologyRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicNutrition and Dieteticsbusiness.industryFatty liverCell Biologymedicine.diseaseObesityFatty LiverHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessHealthcare systemCurrent opinion in lipidology
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Minimally invasive secondary cytoreduction plus HIPEC for recurrent ovarian cancer: a case series.

2014

Objective To analyze the feasibility of laparoscopic/robotic secondary cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal intra-operative chemotherapy (SCS + HIPEC) in a retrospective series of isolated platinum sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer. Methods We retrospectively evaluated a consecutive series of ovarian cancer patients with isolated platinum sensitive relapse. Isolated relapse was defined as the presence of a single nodule, in a single anatomic site. In all cases the presence of isolated relapse was assessed at pre-operative FDG-PET/CT scan, and confirmed with staging laparoscopy performed immediately before SCS + HIPEC. Results 84 women with platinum sensitive relapse recei…

OVARIAN CANEROrganoplatinum Compoundsmedicine.medical_treatmentdrug therapy/pathology/surgery/therapyCarcinoma Ovarian EpithelialMultimodal ImagingCohort StudiesObstetrics and gynaecologyNeoplasmsAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsInfusions ParenteralNeoplasms Glandular and EpithelialLaparoscopyadministration /&/ dosageTomographyRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicOvarian Neoplasmsmedicine.diagnostic_testObstetrics and GynecologyGlandular and EpithelialMiddle AgedDebulkingCombined Modality TherapyIsolated platinum sensitive relapseX-Ray ComputedOxaliplatinPhase III as TopicOncologyFemalediagnostic usemedicine.drugmedicine.medical_specialtyInfusionsAged Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; administration /&/ dosage Cisplatin; administration /&/ dosage Clinical Trials; Phase II as Topic Clinical Trials; Phase III as Topic Cohort Studies Combined Modality Therapy Female Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; diagnostic use Humans Hyperthermia; Induced; methods Infusions; Parenteral Middle Aged Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures Multimodal Imaging Neoplasms; Glandular and Epithelial; drug therapy/pathology/surgery/therapy Organoplatinum Compounds; administration /&/ dosage Ovarian Neoplasms; drug therapy/pathology/surgery/therapy Positron-Emission Tomography Radiopharmaceuticals; diagnostic use Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Retrospective Studies Tomography; X-Ray Computed ocal; pathologyocalmethodsClinical Trials Phase II as TopicMinimally invasive surgeryOvarian cancerFluorodeoxyglucose F18ParenteralmedicineHumansMinimally Invasive Surgical ProceduresClinical TrialsHyperthermiaAgedRetrospective StudiesCisplatinChemotherapySeries (stratigraphy)HIPECbusiness.industryPhase II as TopicInducedHyperthermia Inducedmedicine.diseaseOxaliplatinSurgeryRoboticSettore MED/40 - GINECOLOGIA E OSTETRICIAClinical Trials Phase III as TopicPositron-Emission TomographyLaparoscopypathologyNeoplasm Recurrence LocalCisplatinRadiopharmaceuticalsbusinessOvarian cancerTomography X-Ray Computed
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Perceived barriers in the outdoor environment and development of walking difficulties in older people

2012

SIR—Older people with mobility limitations often report more barriers in their outdoor environment than people with intact mobility [1]. However, it is uncertain whether older people perceive their environment as problematic because of their mobility limitations or whether the environmental barriers precede incident mobility limitation, as most studies have been limited to cross-sectional analyses [2–5]. Only a few longitudinal studies have shown that barriers in the outdoor environment, such as poor street conditions, poor lighting and heavy traffic, increase the risk for overall functional loss [6, 7] and decrease physical activity participation [8]. More knowledge is needed about the cha…

Occupational therapyGerontologyMaleliikkumiskykyAgingmedicine.medical_specialtyympäristöPhysical activityWalkingHealth SciencesmedicineHumansProspective StudiesHeavy trafficMobility LimitationBaseline (configuration management)AgedRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicAged 80 and overbusiness.industryagingta3141General MedicineGerontology specializing in Medical and Health SciencesikääntyminenliikkuvuusMobility LimitationFemalePerceptionGeriatrics and GerontologyOlder peoplebusinessSocial psychologyFollow-Up Studies
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Clinical assessment of patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer eligible for second-line chemotherapy

2010

Purpose: Knowledge of prognostic factors for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients eligible for second-line treatment is scarce. The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic role of a number of routinely collected clinical variables and to provide a summary index to discriminate patients according to probability of survival.Methods: individual data from nine randomised trials of second-line treatment in advanced NSCLC were analysed. Primary end-point was overall survival (OS). Cox model, stratified by trial, was used for multivariate analyses, and a prognostic index was provided and validated according to an internal/external procedure.Results: Out of 1239 patients, 119…

OncologyAdultMaleCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyMultivariate analysisLung NeoplasmsWEEKLY DOCETAXELIRINOTECANCOMBINATION CHEMOTHERAPYAntineoplastic AgentsERLOTINIBPrognostic factorsNSCLCTHERAPYPooled analysisPLUS GEMCITABINEInternal medicineCarcinoma Non-Small-Cell LungAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsmedicineHumansStage (cooking)Lung cancerEVERY 3 WEEKSAgedNeoplasm StagingRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicAged 80 and overPerformance statusProportional hazards modelbusiness.industryAge FactorsCombination chemotherapyPHASE-III TRIALMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasePrognosisTreatment OutcomeOncologyMeta-analysisPrognostic scoreCOMPARING DOCETAXELSecond-line treatmentAdenocarcinomaFemalebusinessEpidemiologic MethodsNon-small-cell lung cancerEuropean Journal of Cancer
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Surrogate end points for overall survival and local control in neoadjuvant rectal cancer trials: statistical evaluation based on the FFCD 9203 trial.

2009

Abstract Background In resectable rectal cancer trials, pathological parameters are early preoperative treatment efficacy measures. Their validation as surrogate end points for long-term clinical outcomes would allow to reduce trial duration. The aim was to evaluate potential surrogates for overall survival (OS) and local control (LC) in preoperative T3/T4 rectal cancer trials. Candidate variables included ypT and ypN stages, T downstaging, tumor regression grade (TRG), and circumferential resection margin (CRM) status. Patients and methods In the Federation Francophone de Cancerologie Digestive (FFCD) 9203 trial, 742 eligible patients were randomly assigned to receive preoperative radiothe…

OncologyAdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyColorectal cancermedicine.medical_treatmentAdenocarcinomaPreoperative careInternal medicinemedicineHumansNeoadjuvant therapyAgedRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicTumor Regression GradeAged 80 and overbusiness.industrySurrogate endpointRectal NeoplasmsHematologyMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseChemotherapy regimenCombined Modality TherapyConfidence intervalNeoadjuvant TherapySurgeryClinical trialSurvival RateTreatment OutcomeOncologyFemaleNeoplasm Recurrence LocalbusinessBiomarkersAnnals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology
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A comprehensive review of the clinical utility of and a combined analysis of the clozapine/norclozapine ratio in therapeutic drug monitoring for adul…

2019

Introduction: This article comprehensively reviews the clinical utility of the serum clozapine/norclozapine (CLO/NCLO) ratio. Areas covered: Fifty-four published studies used this ratio (21 from a PubMed search from onset to 10/21/18 and 33 identified by the authors). To estimate a combined mean of the CLO/NCLO ratio in published studies, a PubMed search on 10/21/18 identified 422 articles leading to 19 included. The systematic review focused on 1) the combined analysis, 2) CYP1A2 activity, 3) clinical response, 4) cognition, and 5) renal function. Expert opinion: Our combined analysis provided a weighted mean CLO/NCLO ratio of 1.73 in 2,317 adult patients from 19 studies, but the range in …

OncologyAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyClozapine+NorclozapineRenal function030226 pharmacology & pharmacylaw.invention03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled triallawInternal medicinemedicineGemfibrozilAnimalsHumansPharmacology (medical)General Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsClozapineClozapineRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicAdult patientsmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryGeneral MedicineTherapeutic drug monitoring030220 oncology & carcinogenesisDrug MonitoringbusinessRenal transportersmedicine.drugAntipsychotic AgentsExpert review of clinical pharmacology
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Assessment of treatment response in hepatocellular carcinoma: a review of the literature

2013

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a high incidence all over the world. Even if the primary end point of treatment of HCC is survival, radiological response could be a surrogate end point of survival, and could have a key role in clinical management. Since 1950 several radiological response criteria have been applied; however, it was not until 2000 that specific criteria for HCC were introduced by the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL), and these were then standardized in 2010 with the development of the modified Response Evaluation Criteria for Solid Tumors (mRECIST) for HCC. The purpose of this brief review is to compare data in literature regarding the application an…

OncologyCancer ResearchTreatment responsemedicine.medical_specialtyCarcinoma HepatocellularLiver Function TestsInternal medicineClinical endpointHumansMedicineResponse criteriaNeoplasm StagingRandomized Controlled Trials as Topicbusiness.industrySurrogate endpointIncidence (epidemiology)Liver NeoplasmsGeneral MedicinePrognosismedicine.diseaseSurvival Analysisdigestive system diseasesRadiographyClinical PracticeTreatment OutcomeOncologyRadiological weaponHepatocellular carcinomabusinessFuture Oncology
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The EndoPredict score provides prognostic information on late distant metastases in ER+/HER2− breast cancer patients

2013

Background: ER þ/HER2 � breast cancers have a proclivity for late recurrence. A personalised estimate of relapse risk after 5 years of endocrine treatment can improve patient selection for extended hormonal therapy. Methods: A total of 1702 postmenopausal ER þ/HER2 � breast cancer patients from two adjuvant phase III trials (ABCSG6, ABCSG8) treated with 5 years of endocrine therapy participated in this study. The multigene test EndoPredict (EP) and the EPclin score (which combines EP with tumour size and nodal status) were predefined in independent training cohorts. All patients were retrospectively assigned to risk categories based on gene expression and on clinical parameters. The primary…

OncologyCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyAntineoplastic Agents HormonalReceptor ErbB-2AnastrozoleBreast NeoplasmsCell Growth ProcessesAnastrozoleBreast cancerInternal medicineAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsNitrilesClinical endpointHumansMedicineNeoplasm MetastasisProportional Hazards ModelsRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicRetrospective Studiesendocrine therapybusiness.industryProportional hazards modelGene Expression ProfilingCell DifferentiationRetrospective cohort studyTriazolesPrognosismedicine.diseaseSurgeryClinical triallate relapseTamoxifenTreatment OutcomeEditorialClinical Trials Phase III as TopicReceptors EstrogenOncologyClinical StudyHormonal therapyFemaleNeoplasm Recurrence LocalEndoPredictbusinessTamoxifenSignal Transductionmedicine.drugBritish Journal of Cancer
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Progression-free survival as a surrogate for overall survival in advanced/recurrent gastric cancer trials: a meta-analysis.

2013

The traditional endpoint for assessing efficacy of chemotherapies for advanced/recurrent gastric cancer is overall survival (OS), but OS requires prolonged follow-up. We investigated whether progression-free survival (PFS) is a valid surrogate for OS. Using individual patient data from the GASTRIC meta-analysis, surrogacy of PFS was assessed through the correlation between the endpoints and through the correlation between the treatment effects on the endpoints. External validation of the prediction based on PFS was also evaluated. Individual data from 4069 patients in 20 randomized trials were analyzed. The rank correlation coefficient between PFS and OS was 0.853 (95% confidence interval […

OncologyCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyBioinformaticsBrief CommunicationDisease-Free Survivallaw.inventionRandomized controlled triallawPredictive Value of TestsStomach NeoplasmsInternal medicinemedicineOdds RatioHumansProgression-free survivalRandomized Controlled Trials as Topicddc:616Surrogate endpointbusiness.industryOdds ratioChemotherapy regimenConfidence intervalTreatment OutcomeOncologyPredictive value of testsMeta-analysisNeoplasm Recurrence LocalbusinessBiomarkersJournal of the National Cancer Institute
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Role of gemcitabine-based combination therapy in the management of advanced pancreatic cancer: a meta-analysis of randomised trials.

2013

Background: Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Gemcitabine is the mainstay treatment for advanced disease. However, almost all up-to-date trials, that evaluated the benefit of gemcitabine-combination schedules, failed to demonstrate an improvement in overall survival (OS). In this study, we performed a systematic review and a meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials (RCTs) to investigate the efficacy and safety of gemcitabine-based combination regimens as compared to gemcitabine alone in the management of pancreatic cancer. Methods: Clinical trials were collected by searching different databases (PubMed, Embase and the Central Registry of Con…

OncologyCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyCombination therapyCochrane LibraryDeoxycytidinePancreatic cancerInternal medicineAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsmedicineHumansCombination therapyAdvanced pancreatic cancerRandomized Controlled Trials as Topicbusiness.industryHazard ratioCancerCombination chemotherapymedicine.diseaseGemcitabineGemcitabineSurgeryClinical trialPancreatic NeoplasmsMeta-analysisOncologybusinessmedicine.drugEuropean journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990)
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