Search results for "Randomized controlled trial"

showing 10 items of 2199 documents

Antifungal agents for preventing fungal infections in non-neutropenic critically ill patients

2016

Background Invasive fungal infections are important causes of morbidity and mortality among critically ill patients. Early institution of antifungal therapy is pivotal for mortality reduction. Starting a targeted antifungal therapy after culture positivity and fungi identification requires a long time. Therefore, alternative strategies (globally defined as 'untargeted antifungal treatments') for antifungal therapy institution in patients without proven microbiological evidence of fungal infections have been discussed by international guidelines. This review was originally published in 2006 and updated in 2016. This updated review provides additional evidence for the clinician dealing with s…

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyAntifungal drugMycoseintensive care medicinelaw.invention03 medical and health sciencesImmunocompromised Hostcritically ill patient0302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled triallawInternal medicineAmphotericin BmedicineHumansAntifungal AgentPharmacology (medical)030212 general & internal medicineMED/41 - ANESTESIOLOGIAIntensive care medicineFluconazoleFluconazole [therapeutic use]Randomized Controlled Trials as Topicbusiness.industryfungal infectionMicafungin030208 emergency & critical care medicinePublication biasMycoses [mortalityClinical trialCritical Illness [mortality]; Amphotericin B [therapeutic use]; Antifungal Agents [therapeutic use]; Fluconazole [therapeutic use]; Immunocompromised Host; Mycoses [mortality; prevention & control]; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Adult; HumansAntifungal Agents [therapeutic use]prevention & control]Relative riskMeta-analysisAmphotericin B [therapeutic use]AnidulafunginCritical IllneCritical Illness [mortality]businessmedicine.drugHuman
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A comparison of the effectiveness of azelaic and pyruvic acid peels in the treatment of female adult acne: a randomized controlled trial

2020

AbstractChemical peels are widely used as therapeutic agents in dermatology and cosmetology. This study aims to explore the differences in the effectiveness of azelaic and pyruvic acid peels in the treatment of acne vulgaris. Eligibility criteria for participants were: female gender, 18–25 years of age, no dermatological treatment within the last 12 months and mild to moderate papulopustular acne. We treated 120 young women (with a mean age of 22 years old) with six peeling sessions at 2-week intervals. In the parallel clinical study design, one randomized group (n = 60, 50%) was treated using azelaic acid (AA), whereas the second group participated in pyruvic acid (PA) sessions. We evaluat…

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyAzelaic acidScienceDiseasesArticlelaw.inventionDesquamation030207 dermatology & venereal diseases03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundYoung Adult0302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled trialPapulopustularlawAcne VulgarisPyruvic AcidmedicineHumansDicarboxylic Acids030212 general & internal medicineAcneSkinAnalysis of VarianceMultidisciplinarybusiness.industryQRmedicine.diseaseDermatologySkin diseasesTreatment OutcomechemistryMedicineFemaleCosmetologyPyruvic acidmedicine.symptombusinessPorosityAfter treatmentmedicine.drugScientific Reports
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Standard chemotherapy with or without bevacizumab in advanced ovarian cancer: quality-of-life outcomes from the International Collaboration on Ovaria…

2013

Summary Background In the Gynecologic Cancer Intergroup International Collaboration on Ovarian Neoplasms 7 (ICON7) trial, bevacizumab improved progression-free survival in patients with ovarian cancer when used in combination with first-line chemotherapy and as a single-drug continuation treatment for 18 cycles. In a preliminary analysis of a high-risk subset of patients, there was also an improvement in overall survival. This study aims to describe the health-related quality-of-life (QoL) outcomes from ICON7. Methods ICON7 is a randomised, multicentre, open-label phase 3 trial. Between Dec 18, 2006, and Feb 16, 2009, after a surgical procedure aiming to debulk the disease, women with Inter…

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyBevacizumabDrug-Related Side Effects and Adverse ReactionsAntibodies Monoclonal HumanizedDisease-Free Survivallaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundRandomized controlled trialQuality of lifelawInternal medicineAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsmedicineHumansAgedNeoplasm StagingOvarian NeoplasmsIntention-to-treat analysisbusiness.industryStandard treatmentArticlesMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseCarboplatinSurgeryBevacizumabClinical trialTreatment OutcomeOncologychemistryQuality of LifeFemaleOvarian cancerbusinessmedicine.drugThe Lancet Oncology
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Noninvasive respiratory support in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure associated with COVID-19 and other viral infections

2020

ABSTRACTIntroductionNoninvasive respiratory support (NRS) such as noninvasive ventilation (NIV) and high flow nasal therapy (HFNT) have been used in the treatment of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) related to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and other viral infections. However, there is a lack of consensus in favor of or against NRS use due to the risks of worsening hypoxemia, intubation delay, and aerosols environmental contamination associated with the use of these tools. We aimed to summarize the evidence on the use of NRS in adult patients with COVID-19 and other viral pneumonia (i.e. H1N1, SARS, MERS) and AHRF. We also searched for studies evaluating the risk of aerosoliza…

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyContext (language use)Diseasemedicine.disease_causeHIGH FLOW NASAL THERAPYAirborne transmissionHFNCHypoxemialaw.invention03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineInfluenza A Virus H1N1 SubtypeRandomized controlled trial030202 anesthesiologylawmedicineHumansCOVID-19; Noninvasive ventilation Pneumonia viral Adult Humans Pandemics SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Coronavirus. Influenza A Virus H1N1 Subtype Noninvasive Ventilation Respiratory InsufficiencyH1N1 SubtypeIntensive care medicinePandemicsAerosolizationCoronavirusNoninvasive VentilationPneumonia viralSARS-CoV-2business.industryCOVID-19030208 emergency & critical care medicinemedicine.diseaseCoronavirusAnesthesiology and Pain MedicineCoronavirus. Influenza A VirusViral pneumoniamedicine.symptomRespiratory InsufficiencybusinessHFNT
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Femtosecond laser versus mechanical microkeratome laser in situ keratomileusis for myopia: Metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials.

2011

Purpose To examine differences in efficacy, accuracy, safety, and changes in aberrations between femtosecond and mechanical microkeratome laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for myopia. Setting Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai First People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China. Design Evidence-based manuscript. Methods Data sources, including PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, were searched to identify potentially relevant prospective randomized controlled trials. Primary outcome measures were efficacy (uncorrected distance visual acuity ≥20/20), accuracy (±0.50 diopter mean spherical equivalent), and safety (loss of ≥2 l…

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyCorneal Wavefront Aberrationgenetic structuresDatabases Factualmedicine.medical_treatmentCorneal StromaKeratomileusis Laser In SituVisual AcuityKeratomileusisRefraction OcularSensitivity and Specificitylaw.inventionYoung AdultPostoperative ComplicationsRandomized controlled triallawMicrokeratomemedicineMyopiaHumansRegistriesDioptreRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicEquipment Safetybusiness.industryLASIKReproducibility of ResultsOdds ratioMiddle Agedeye diseasesSensory SystemsConfidence intervalSurgeryOphthalmologyTreatment OutcomeMeta-analysisSurgeryLasers ExcimerbusinessJournal of cataract and refractive surgery
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Intravascular volume therapy in adults guidelines from the association of the scientific medical societies in Germany

2016

No abstract available.

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyCritical CareHypovolemiaMEDLINEMedizinBlood volumelaw.inventionLactated ringers solution03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled trial030202 anesthesiologylawGermanymedicineIntravascular volume statusHumansddc:610Intensive care medicineBlood VolumeElective cesarean sectionbusiness.industryCentral venous pressure030208 emergency & critical care medicine3. Good healthAnesthesiology and Pain MedicineFluid Therapybusiness
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A multicentric randomized study comparing two techniques of magnification assisted loop excision of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: vi…

2013

Purpose: To compare loop excisions of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse (CIN 2+) under video exoscopy, or colposcopic guidance, with respect to safety and effectiveness. Methods: Prospective multicentric randomized trial of 300 patients, undergoing loop excision for CIN 2+ either under video exoscopy (group A) or colposcope (group B) guidance. Intra- and post-operative complications, resection margins, and removed cervical volume in both groups were evaluated. Results: 19.3% of patients in video exoscopy group and 15.5% in colposcopy group (p = 0.67) had transformation zone (TZ) 3. 45/151 (29.8%) of group A patients and 48/149 (32.2%) of group B patients underwent top-hat …

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyElectrosurgeryMagnificationUterine Cervical NeoplasmsVideo-Assisted SurgeryCervix UteriExoscopylaw.inventionYoung AdultPostoperative ComplicationsRandomized controlled trialCervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2lawPregnancyLEEPMedicineHumansVolume removedLoop excisionProspective StudiesAgedColposcopyAged 80 and overmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryObstetrics and GynecologyGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedUterine Cervical DysplasiaSurgeryColposcopyHigh Grade Cervical Intraepithelial NeoplasiaColposcopFemaleSafetyNeoplasm Recurrence LocalbusinessArchives of gynecology and obstetrics
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Prospective Parallel Randomized, Double-Blind, Double-Dummy Controlled Clinical Trial Comparing Clomiphene Citrate and Metformin as the First-Line Tr…

2005

Abstract Context: Although metformin has been shown to be effective in the treatment of anovulation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), clomiphene citrate (CC) is still considered to be the first-line drug to induce ovulation in these patients. Objective: The goal of this study was to compare the effectiveness of metformin and CC administration as a first-line treatment in anovulatory women with PCOS. Design: We describe a prospective parallel randomized, double-blind, double-dummy controlled clinical trial. Setting: The study was conducted at the University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy. Patients: One hundred nonobese primary infertile anovulatory women with PC…

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyEndocrinology Diabetes and Metabolismmedicine.medical_treatmentClinical BiochemistryWEIGHT-LOSSIMPROVEMENTContext (language use)PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIALPlaceboTHERAPYBiochemistrylaw.inventionAnovulationEndocrinologyDouble-Blind MethodOvulation InductionRandomized controlled trialClomifenelawinsulin resistanceInternal medicinePCOSmedicineHumansCRITERIAclomipheneProspective StudiesPolycystic ovary syndromeGynecologybusiness.industryBiochemistry (medical)medicine.diseasePolycystic ovarymetformineMetforminPREGNANCYEndocrinologyPCOS; metformine; clomipheneovulationFemaleOvulation inductionGLUCOSE-TOLERANCEclomifenemetforminbusinessOBESE WOMENAnovulationmedicine.drugThe Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
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Exercise in waist-high warm water decreases pain and improves health-related quality of life and strength in the lower extremities in women with fibr…

2006

Objective To evaluate the short- and long-term efficacy of exercise therapy in a warm, waist-high pool in women with fibromyalgia. Methods Thirty-four women (mean ± SD tender points 17 ± 1) were randomly assigned to either an exercise group (n = 17) to perform 3 weekly sessions of training including aerobic, proprioceptive, and strengthening exercises during 12 weeks, or to a control group (n = 17). Maximal unilateral isokinetic strength was measured in the knee extensors and flexors in concentric and eccentric actions at 60°/second and 210°/second, and in the shoulder abductors and adductors in concentric contractions. Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) was assessed using the EQ-5D que…

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyFibromyalgiaHot TemperatureTime FactorsWaistVisual analogue scaleImmunologyPainPhysical exerciseRunninglaw.inventionPhysical medicine and rehabilitationRheumatologyRandomized controlled triallawFibromyalgiaInternal medicineImmersionmedicineHumansPain ManagementImmunology and AllergyEccentricpainPharmacology (medical)ExerciseHydrotherapyexerciseProprioceptionMuscle strengthbusiness.industryWaterMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseRheumatologyExercise TherapyTreatment Outcomequality of lifeMuscle TonusQuality of LifePhysical therapyfibromyalgiaFemalebusinessArthritis & Rheumatism
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Strength training induced adaptations in neuromuscular function of premenopausal women with fibromyalgia: comparison with healthy women.

2000

Objective—To investigate the eVects of 21 weeks’ progressive strength training on neuromuscular function and subjectively perceived symptoms in premenopausal women with fibromyalgia (FM). Methods—Twenty one women with FM were randomly assigned to experimental (FMT) or control (FMC) groups. Twelve healthy women served as training controls (HT). The FMT and HT groups carried out progressive strength training twice a week for 21 weeks. The major outcome measures were muscle strength and electromyographic (EMG) recordings. Secondary outcome measures were pain, sleep, fatigue, physical function capacity (Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire), and mood (short version of Beck’s depression inde…

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyFibromyalgiaPsychometricsStrength trainingImmunologyPhysical exerciseElectromyographyGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biologylaw.inventionPhysical medicine and rehabilitationRheumatologyRandomized controlled triallawFibromyalgiamedicineImmunology and AllergyHumansMuscle SkeletalNeck painLegmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryElectromyographymedicine.diseaseExercise TherapyExtended ReportMoodTreatment OutcomePremenopausePhysical therapyFemalemedicine.symptombusinessAttitude to HealthFollow-Up StudiesMuscle ContractionAnnals of the rheumatic diseases
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