Search results for "Randomized"
showing 10 items of 2323 documents
Subcutaneous octreotide versus oral loperamide in the treatment of diarrhea following chemotherapy
1993
Forty patients with chemotherapy-related diarrhea were randomized to receive (i) octreotide 0.5 mg three times per day s.c. or (ii) loperamide 4 mg three times per day p.o. until complete remission of diarrhea was achieved. In the octreotide group 80% of patients showed complete resolution of loose bowel movements within 4 days of therapy, while in the loperamide group this goal was obtained in only 30% of cases (p < 0.001). If after 4 days no benefit was seen, patients were considered to have failed antidiarrheal therapy. Failure was recorded in only one case (5%) treated with s.c. octreotide and in five patients (25%) who received loperamide. The mean duration of antidiarrheal therapy nec…
Dietary fiber and health outcomes: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses
2018
Background Several studies have suggested that higher consumption of dietary fiber is beneficial for a variety of health outcomes. However, many results have been inconclusive and, to our knowledge, there has been no attempt to systematically capture the breadth of outcomes associated with dietary fiber intake or to systematically assess the quality and the strength of the evidence on the associations of dietary fiber intake and different health outcomes or medical conditions. Objective The aim of this study was to describe the diverse health outcomes convincingly associated with dietary fiber consumption. Design This was an umbrella review of systematic reviews with meta-analysis of observ…
Fiber intake and all-cause mortality in the Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea (PREDIMED) study
2014
Background: Few observational studies have examined the effect of dietary fiber intake and fruit and vegetable consumption on total mortality and have reported inconsistent results. All of the studies have been conducted in the general population and typically used only a single assessment of diet. Objective: We investigated the association of fiber intake and whole-grain, fruit, and vegetable consumption with all-cause mortality in a Mediterranean cohort of elderly adults at high cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk by using repeated measurements of dietary information and taking into account the effect of a dietary intervention. Design: We followed up 7216 men (55-75 y old) and women (60-75 …
Branch and bound for the cutwidth minimization problem
2013
The cutwidth minimization problem consists of finding a linear arrangement of the vertices of a graph where the maximum number of cuts between the edges of the graph and a line separating consecutive vertices is minimized. We first review previous approaches for special classes of graphs, followed by lower bounds and then a linear integer formulation for the general problem. We then propose a branch-and-bound algorithm based on different lower bounds on the cutwidth of partial solutions. Additionally, we introduce a Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedure (GRASP) heuristic to obtain good initial solutions. The combination of the branch-and-bound and GRASP methods results in optimal solu…
Finitely randomized dyadic systems and BMO on metric measure spaces
2015
Abstract We study the connection between BMO and dyadic BMO in metric measure spaces using finitely randomized dyadic systems, and give a Garnett–Jones type proof for a theorem of Uchiyama on a construction of certain BMO functions. We obtain a relation between the BMO norm of a suitable expectation over dyadic systems and the dyadic BMO norms of the original functions in different systems. The expectation is taken over only finitely randomized dyadic systems to overcome certain measurability questions. Applying our result, we derive Uchiyama’s theorem from its dyadic counterpart, which we also prove.
Randomized renaming in shared memory systems.
2021
Abstract Renaming is a task in distributed computing where n processes are assigned new names from a name space of size m . The problem is called tight if m = n , and loose if m > n . In recent years renaming came to the fore again and new algorithms were developed. For tight renaming in asynchronous shared memory systems, Alistarh et al. describe a construction based on the AKS network that assigns all names within O ( log n ) steps per process. They also show that, depending on the size of the name space, loose renaming can be done considerably faster. For m = ( 1 + ϵ ) ⋅ n and constant ϵ , they achieve a step complexity of O ( log log n ) . In this paper we consider tight as well as loos…
Editor's Choice – Follow-up of Patients After Revascularisation for Peripheral Arterial Diseases: A Consensus Document From the European Society of C…
2019
International audience; Peripheral arterial diseases comprise different clinical presentations, from cerebrovascular disease down to lower extremity artery disease, from subclinical to disabling symptoms and events. According to clinical presentation, the patient's general condition, anatomical location and extension of lesions, revascularisation may be needed in addition to best medical treatment. The 2017 European Society of Cardiology guidelines in collaboration with the European Society for Vascular Surgery have addressed the indications for revascularisation. While most cases are amenable to either endovascular or surgical revascularisation, maintaining long-term patency is often chall…
Effect of A Healthy Body Image intervention on risk- and protective factors for eating disorders: A cluster randomized controlled trial
2021
Accepted manuscript version, licensed CC BY-NC-ND 4.0. Objective - To investigate the immediate and 12-months effects of a school-based intervention aiming to reduce risk and enhance protective factors for eating disorder development in high school boys and girls. Method - In total, 4,149 adolescents from 30 high schools were eligible for inclusion and 2,446 consented to participate and were randomly allocated to the Healthy Body Image (HBI) intervention or a control group (classes as usual). The HBI intervention is multicomponent consisting of three workshops targeting body image, social media usage and lifestyle. Linear mixed model and intention-to-treat analyses were applied to investiga…
Immediate implants following tooth extraction. A systematic review
2012
Objectives: The aim of this article is to review the current state of immediate implants, with their pros and contras, and the clinical indications and contraindications. Material and Methods: An exhaustive literature search has been carried out in the COCHRANE library and MEDLINE electronic databases from 2004 to November 2009. Randomized clinical trials and clinical trials focused on single implants placed in fresh extraction sockets were included and compared. A meta-analysis could not be performed due to heterogeneity of the data. Results: Twenty studies out of 135 articles from the initial search were finally included, which summed up a total of 1139 immediate implants with at least a …