Search results for "Rapping"

showing 10 items of 280 documents

Self-trapping of speckled light beams

2008

A speckle beam of light breaks up into small fragments as it propagates in a standard self-focusing nonlinear material. Now, by exploiting the non-local thermal response of a material, it is possible to trap a speckle beam in a self-induced waveguide.

Physicsbusiness.industryPhysics::OpticsTrapping01 natural sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.invention010309 opticsNonlinear systemSpeckle patternComputer Science::GraphicsOpticslaw0103 physical sciencesThermalPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsLight beamOptoelectronics010306 general physicsbusinessWaveguideBeam (structure)ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
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Theoretical analysis of hole self-trapping in ionic solids: Application to the KCl crystal.

1993

A method for the calculation of the hole self-trapping (ST) energy in ionic crystals is proposed. It combines model-Hamiltonian and quantum-chemical approaches. An artificial path for the ST process has been suggested containing (a) a free hole not interacting with the lattice vibrations; (b) a free-hole wave packet localized in a small crystal volume in the form of the real ST state, all crystal ions being in their perfect lattice positions; (c) the final ST state of the hole, accompanied with a corresponding lattice relaxation, including strong displacements of ions belonging to the hole region. Some intermediate states might be adopted between (a) and (b) in order to simplify the calcula…

Physicschemistry.chemical_classificationchemistryLattice (order)Wave packetIonic bondingElectronic structureTrappingAtomic physicsPolaronInorganic compoundIonPhysical review. B, Condensed matter
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Photon localization versus population trapping in a coupled-cavity array

2014

We consider a coupled-cavity array (CCA), where one cavity interacts with a two-level atom under the rotating-wave approximation. We investigate the excitation transport dynamics across the array, which arises in the atom's emission process into the CCA vacuum. Due to the known formation of atom-photon bound states, partial field localization and atomic population trapping in general take place. We study the functional dependance on the coupling strength of these two phenomena and show that the threshold values beyond which they become significant are different. As the coupling strength grows from zero, field localization is exhibited first.

Physicseducation.field_of_studyQuantum Physicscavity array quantum transport open quantum systems cavity QEDPhotonQuantum decoherenceField (physics)PopulationFOS: Physical sciencesTrappingAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsAtomBound stateAtomic physicseducationQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Excitation
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Polarization-sensitive population trapping in an optically pumped laser

1994

Physicseducation.field_of_studybusiness.industryPopulationTrappingLaserAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticslaw.inventionOptical pumpingPolarization sensitivelawOptoelectronicseducationbusinessPhysical Review A
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ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE AND ELECTROCHEMICAL STUDIES OF OXIDATION PRODUCTS DERIVATES OF APOMORPHINE IN APROTIC SOLVENTS

2002

Apomorphine acts as contractile muscular agent through an extra cellular calcium mechanism dependent. This activity is accompanied with autoxidación process producing o-quinone derivates. o-Quinone is also obtained by apomorphine oxidation in acid medium; in basic conditions a hydroxi-p-quinone is formed. In order to characterize the apomorphine derivates species generated via metabolism or chemical mechanism, specially free radical forms, electrochemical and Electronic Spin Resonance studies were done to o and p-quinones metabolites in presence or absence of Calcium ions. The electrochemical study of these compounds using cyclic voltametric indicated that the reduction mechanism consists o…

Physicsquinonesvoltametría cíclica Spin TrappingapomorfinaGeneral ChemistryapomorphineCyclic VoltammetryquinonasSpin TrappingHumanitiesESRBoletín de la Sociedad Chilena de Química
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Light trapping by plasmonic nanoparticles

2020

Abstract Metallic nanoparticles sustaining localized surface plasmon resonances are of great interest for enhancing light trapping in thin film photovoltaics. In this chapter, we explore the correlation between the structural and optical properties of self-assembled silver nanostructures fabricated by a solid-state dewetting process on various substrates relevant for silicon photovoltaics and later integrated into plasmonic back reflectors. Our study allows us to optimize the performance of nanostructures by identifying the fabrication conditions in which desirable circular and uniformly spaced nanoparticles are obtained. Second, we introduce a novel optoelectronic spectroscopic method that…

Plasmonic nanoparticlesMaterials scienceSiliconbusiness.industryPhysics::Opticschemistry.chemical_elementSettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicachemistryPhotovoltaicsLight trapping Localized surface plasmon resonance Photocurrent enhancement Plasmon-enhanced Self-assembly Silver nanoparticles Thin film silicon solar cellsOptoelectronicsQuantum efficiencyDewettingThin filmbusinessPlasmonLocalized surface plasmon
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Plasmonic nanostructures for light trapping in photovoltaic

Metallic nanoparticles (NPs), sustaining localized surface plasmon resonances, are currently of great interest for enhancing light trapping in thin film solar cells. To be directly applicable in the photovoltaic industry, the NPs fabrication needs to be simple, reliable, low-cost and scalable. As such, self-assembly processes are most commonly used, and Ag is the preferred material, due to its high radiative efficiency and low imaginary permittivity⁠. After exploring the correlation between structural and optical properties of Ag NPs fabricated by solid- state dewetting process on various substrates, we identified the fabrication conditions in which desirable NPs are obtained, but we also e…

Plasmonic-enhanced light trapping Localized surface plasmon resonance Self-assembly nanoparticles PhotovoltaicsSettore ING-INF/01 - Elettronica
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Size dependent light absorption modulation and enhanced carrier transport in germanium quantum dots devices

2015

Quantum confinement in closely packed arrays of Ge quantum dots (QDs) was studied for energy applications. In this work, we report an efficient tuning mechanism of the light harvesting and detection of Ge QDs. Thin films of SiGeO alloys, produced by rf-magnetron sputtering, were annealed at 600 degrees C in N-2 to induce precipitation of small amorphous Ge QDs into the oxide matrix. Varying the Ge content, the QD size was tailored between 2 and 4 nm, as measured by high resolution transmission electron microscopy. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements indicate the formation of pure SiO2, as well as the presence of a sub-stoichiometric Ge oxide shell at the QD interface. Light …

Precipitation (chemical)Materials scienceAmorphous alloyBand gapchemistry.chemical_elementHigh resolution transmission electron microscopyPhotoconductive gainGermaniumNanocrystalMetal-insulator semiconductor deviceSettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaAbsorption spectroscopyQuantum confinement effectQuantum confinementElectromagnetic wave absorptionLight absorptionThin filmGermanium oxideOxide filmHigh-resolution transmission electron microscopyGermanium quantum dotPotential wellMIS deviceAmorphous filmGermaniumQuantum dotsRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environmentbusiness.industryPhotoconductivitySolar cellPreferential trappingMIM deviceSemiconductor deviceSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPhotovoltaicschemistryMetal insulator boundarieQuantum dotrf-Magnetron sputtering Semiconductor quantum dotOptoelectronicsCharge carrierX ray photoelectron spectroscopy Effective mass approximationbusinessQuantum chemistryPhotovoltaicMagnetron sputteringSolar Energy Materials and Solar Cells
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The Art of Bootstrapping

2020

Language workbenches are used to define languages using appropriate meta-languages. Meta-languages are also just languages and can, therefore, be defined using themselves. The process is called bootstrapping and is often difficult to achieve.

Process (engineering)business.industryComputer science0211 other engineering and technologiesBootstrapping (linguistics)02 engineering and technologyMachine learningcomputer.software_genreLanguage workbenchMetamodeling0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering020201 artificial intelligence & image processingArtificial intelligencebusinesscomputer021102 mining & metallurgy
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Sensitivity analysis of efficiency and Malmquist productivity indices: An application to Spanish savings banks

2008

Hypothesis testing and statistical precision in the context of non-parametric efficiency and productivity measurement have been investigated since the early 1990s. Recent contributions focus on this matter through the use of resampling methods-i.e., bootstrapping techniques. However, empirical evidence is still practically non-existent. This gap is more noticeable in the case of banking efficiency studies, where the literature is immense. In this work, we explore productivity growth and productive efficiency for Spanish savings banks over the (initial) post-deregulation period 1992-1998 using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and bootstrapping techniques. Results show that productivity growth…

Productive efficiencyInformation Systems and ManagementGeneral Computer SciencePartial productivityContext (language use)EfficiencyManagement Science and Operations ResearchIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringBankingBootstrapBootstrapping (electronics)Modeling and SimulationData envelopment analysisStatisticsEconomicsEconometricsData envelopment analysisProduction (economics)Empirical evidenceProductivityProductivity
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