Search results for "Rapping"

showing 10 items of 280 documents

Dielectrophoretic trapping of DNA origami.

2008

In this thesis three-dimensional tube-shaped DNA-origamis were dielectrophoretically trapped within lithographically fabricated nanoelectrodes. The origamis had been premade while the electrodes were fabricated specifically for these experiments with two different gapsizes, 150 nm and 400 nm. The aim of the work was to capture individual nanotubes in the gap between the electrodes by utilizing the dielectrophoretic forces present in the structure when a solution containing the origamis was put onto the electrodes and a voltage was applied. It was observed during the experiments that the success of the dielectrophoretic trapping depended strongly on the trapping conditions. This caused the t…

ElectrophoresisMaterials scienceMacromolecular SubstancesSurface PropertiesMolecular ConformationNanotechnologyGeneral ChemistryTrappingMaterials testingDNADielectrophoresisMolecular conformationNanostructuresBiomaterialsElectromagnetic FieldsElectrodeMaterials TestingDNA origamiNanotechnologyGeneral Materials ScienceParticle SizeCrystallizationBiotechnologySmall (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)
researchProduct

Assessing the efficiency of wastewater treatment plants: A double-bootstrap approach

2017

Abstract Benchmarking the performance of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is essential for promoting their long-term sustainability. Recent research has applied data envelopment analysis (DEA) models to evaluate the efficiency of WWTPs providing a synthetic index of their performance. However, the traditional DEA is a deterministic method; therefore, regression analysis cannot be used to explore the external factors influencing efficiency scores. To overcome this limitation, in this study, a double bootstrap DEA model was used for the first time to compute the efficiency scores for a sample of WWTPs. The confidence intervals for efficiency scores were estimated for each facility. Results…

EngineeringRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environmentbusiness.industryStrategy and Management0208 environmental biotechnologyEnvironmental engineeringRegression analysisSample (statistics)02 engineering and technologyBuilding and ConstructionBenchmarking010501 environmental sciences01 natural sciencesIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineering020801 environmental engineeringBootstrapping (electronics)WastewaterBenchmark (computing)Data envelopment analysisSewage treatmentbusiness0105 earth and related environmental sciencesGeneral Environmental ScienceJournal of Cleaner Production
researchProduct

Non-parametric probabilistic forecasting of academic performance in Spanish high school using an epidemiological modelling approach

2013

Academic underachievement is a concern of paramount importance in Europe, and particularly in Spain, where around of 30% of the students in the last two courses in high school do not achieve the minimum knowledge academic requirement. In order to analyse this problem, we propose a mathematical model via a system of ordinary differential equations to study the dynamics of the academic performance in Spain. Our approach is based on the idea that both, good and bad study habits, are a mixture of personal decisions and influence of classmates. Moreover, in order to consider the uncertainty in the estimation of model parameters, a bootstrapping approach is employed. This technique permits to for…

EstimationComputer scienceBootstrappingApplied MathematicsNonparametric statisticsUncertaintyModel parametersConfidence intervalModellingComputational MathematicsTransmission dynamicsOrder (exchange)EconometricsBootstrappingProbabilistic forecastingAcademic underachievementPredictionMATEMATICA APLICADA
researchProduct

Inverted-opal photonic crystals for ultra light-trapping in solar cells

2010

We investigated a three dimensional inverted opal having the potential to notably increase light-trapping in solar cells. The 3D photonic crystal top layer is an angle- and direction-selective filter, which decreases the acceptance cone of the solar cell. Numerical optimisation methods are used to verify the optical and electrical properties for a large angluar and energy spectrum for a system consisting of an inverted opal on top of a thin crystalline silicon solar cell. It is numerically shown that an inverted opal grown in the Τ - Xdirection might fulfill the requirement for such a filter. An estimate for the theoretically achievable efficiency for nonconcentrated light is presented that…

FabricationMaterials scienceSiliconbusiness.industrychemistry.chemical_elementTrappingSolar energylaw.inventionOpticschemistrylawSolar cellCrystalline siliconPhotonicsbusinessPhotonic crystalSPIE Proceedings
researchProduct

Strongly confined atomic localization by Rydberg coherent population trapping

2020

In this letter we investigate the possibility to attain strongly confined atomic localization using interacting Rydberg atoms in a Coherent Population Trapping (CPT) ladder configuration, where a standing-wave (SW) is used as a coupling field in the second leg of the ladder. Depending on the degree of compensation of the Rydberg level energy shift induced by the van der Waals (vdW) interaction, by the coupling field detuning, we distinguish between two antiblockade regimes, i.e. a partial antiblockade (PA) and a full antiblockade (FA). While a periodic pattern of tightly localized regions can be achieved for both regimes, the PA allows much faster converge of spatial confinement yielding a …

Field (physics)Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)Electromagnetically induced transparencyPopulationFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyTrapping01 natural sciencesSpectral linePhysics - Atomic Physics010309 opticssymbols.namesakeOptics0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic PhysicseducationPhysicseducation.field_of_studyQuantum Physicsbusiness.industry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsQuantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)Rydberg atomRydberg formulasymbolsvan der Waals forceAtomic physicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)0210 nano-technologybusinessCondensed Matter - Quantum Gases
researchProduct

An altered intracellular distribution of the autoantigen La/SS-B when translated from a La mRNA isoform.

1997

Abstract Transcription of the gene encoding for the nuclear autoantigen La resulted in La mRNA isoforms. A promoter switching combined with an alternative splicing pathway replaced exon 1 with exon 1′. Similar to mRNAs encoding for ribosomal proteins, exon 1′ started with a pyrimidine-rich 5′-terminus. Moreover, exon 1′ contained 5′-GC-rich regions and an oligo(U)-tail of 23 uridine residues. Exon 1′ encoded for three open reading frames upstream of the La protein reading frame. In spite of this unusual structure, exon 1′ La mRNAs were translated not only in vitro but also in transiently transfected cells. The translational efficiency of exon 1′ La mRNA was about 14% of exon 1 La mRNA using…

Gene isoformCytoplasmTranslational efficiencyDNA RecombinantBiologyTransfectionAutoantigensCell LineExonMiceExon trappingAnimalsHumansRNA MessengerGeneCell NucleusMessenger RNACell-Free SystemAlternative splicingCell Biology3T3 CellsExonsMolecular biologyOpen reading frameAlternative SplicingRibonucleoproteinsProtein BiosynthesisRabbitsExperimental cell research
researchProduct

EPR investigations of polymeric and H2O2 -modified C3N4 -based photocatalysts

2019

The C3N4 -based nanopowders prepared by thermal condensation of melamine (MCN) with subsequent thermal etching (MCN-TE) and H2O2 -treatment were investigated by Q- and X-band EPR spectroscopy in dark and upon in situ UVA or visible-light exposure. Lorentzian signal at g = 2.003, more pronounced in the case of the thermally etched material, dominates EPR spectra of MCN and MCN-TE. More complex spectra were found for H2O2 -treated photocatalysts revealing the presence of signals attributed to the radicals produced via H2O2 interaction with C/N sites in the C3N4 polymeric network. The X-band spectra monitored upon in situ irradiation of the C3N4 -based photocatalysts evidenced the intensity gr…

General Chemical EngineeringRadicalGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistryPhotochemistry01 natural sciencesSpectral lineC3N4law.inventionParamagnetismlawIrradiationElectron paramagnetic resonanceAqueous solutionChemistryGeneral ChemistryAtmospheric temperature range021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesSolventPhotoelectronReactive oxygen specieSettore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici Delle TecnologieSpin trapping0210 nano-technologyGraphitic carbon nitridesurface modificationEPR spectroscopy
researchProduct

Ultrasound-assisted MnO2 catalyzed homolysis of peracetic acid for phenol degradation: The assessment of process chemistry and kinetics

2013

Abstract The combination of peracetic acid (PAA) and heterogeneous catalyst (MnO 2 ) was used for the degradation of phenol in an aqueous solution in the presence of ultrasound irradiation (US). As a relevant source of free radicals (e.g. OH), peracetic acid was comprehensively studied by means of electron spin resonance (ESR) spin trapping (ST) techniques with the subsequent identification of free radicals by simulation based fitting (SBF) technique. The radical reaction mechanism, where hydroxyl radical was a primary product of O O bond rupture of PAA, was established taking into account radical reactions, occurring during sonolysis. The potential barriers and the reaction heat were deter…

General Chemical EngineeringRadicalwaterBiophysicsmechanismPhotochemistryIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringCatalysisSonochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundPeracetic acidfree-radicalsintermediateEnvironmental ChemistryPhenolLaboratorium voor Plantenfysiologieta116decompositionSpin trappingChemistryaqueous-solutionsGeneral ChemistrydestructionHomolysisBiofysicasystemsHydroxyl radicalwet peroxide oxidationsonochemistryLaboratory of Plant PhysiologyChemical Engineering Journal
researchProduct

Bootstrapping profit change: An application to Spanish banks

2012

The aim of this study is to provide a tool which enables us to conduct statistical analysis in the context of changes in productivity and profit. We build on previous initiatives to decompose profit change into mutually exclusive and exhaustive sources. To do this we use distance functions, which are calculated empirically using linear programming techniques. However, we may not learn a great deal by solving these linear programs unless methods of statistical analysis are used to examine the properties of the relevant estimators. Our purpose is to provide a methodology based on bootstrap that allows us to conduct statistical inference for the profit change decomposition. Thus, it will be po…

General Computer ScienceLinear programmingComputer scienceEstimatorContext (language use)Management Science and Operations ResearchProfit (economics)BankingBootstrapBootstrapping (electronics)Modeling and SimulationEconometricsProductivityProductivityProfits
researchProduct

Conditional transgenic mouse models: from the basics to genome-wide sets of knockouts and current studies of tissue regeneration

2008

Many mouse models are currently available, providing avenues to elucidate gene function and to recapitulate specific pathological conditions. To a large extent, successful translation of clinical evidence or analytical data into appropriate mouse models is possible through progress in transgenic or gene-targeting technology. Beginning with a review of standard mouse transgenics and conventional gene targeting, this article will move on to discussing the basics of conditional gene expression: the tetracycline (tet)-off and tet-on systems based on the transactivators tet-controlled transactivator (Tta) and reverse tet-on transactivator (rtTA) that allow downregulation or induction of gene exp…

GeneticsEmbryologyReporter geneGenomeTransgeneBiomedical EngineeringGene targetingCre recombinaseMice TransgenicComputational biologyBiologyMiceGene trappingConditional gene knockoutKnockout mouseAnimalsRegenerationGene knockout
researchProduct