Search results for "Rate equation"

showing 10 items of 38 documents

Intersystem Crossing and Light-Induced Bistability in Iron(?) Spin-Crossover Compounds

1996

Abstract The dynamics of the high-spin→low-spin intersystem crossing process in iron(?) spin-crossover compounds are strongly influenced by cooperative effects of elastic origin which are due to the large difference in volume between high-spin and low-spin complexes. The deviation from first order kinetics is attributed to a build-up of an internal pressure as the relaxation proceeds, leading to a characteristic self-acceleration. The elastic interactions may lead to a light-induced bistability for systems which otherwise remain in the high-spin state down to cryogenic temperatures.

Intersystem crossingBistabilityChemical physicsChemistrySpin crossoverRelaxation (NMR)Light inducedInternal pressureCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsRate equationCondensed Matter PhysicsInternal conversion (chemistry)PhotochemistryMolecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Science and Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals
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Ordering kinetics in synthetic Mg(Al,Fe3+)2O4 spinels: Quantitative elucidation of the whole Al-Mg-Fe partitioning, rate constants, activation energi…

2014

A novel procedure, based on the application of the kinetics simulator Gepasi, has been successfully applied for modeling the cation ordering process in two synthetic Mg(Al2-yFe3+y)O4 spinels (y~ 0.39 and 0.54, samples F39 and F54, respectively). The kinetic profiles suggested a two-stage mechanism, with rapid inter-site exchange of Fe3+ with Mg followed by slow exchange of Al with Mg. The trial to apply the classical approaches, based on the explicit solutions of the differential equations corresponding to single-cation (Sha-Chappel model) or two-cation (Müller model) exchange reactions, proved not feasible in the whole time range, thus implying a lack of information about the exchange proc…

KineticSettore GEO/06 - MineralogiaspinelChemistryKineticsCationic polymerizationMineralogyActivation energyRate equationKinetic energyintersite cation exchangeKineticsGeophysicsReaction rate constantIntersite cation exchange spinels kinetics rate constant activation energy geothermometersactivation energyGeochemistry and PetrologyIron contentintersite cation exchange; spinels; Kinetics; activation energy; geothermometerPhysical chemistryspinelsgeothermometerTime rangeSettore CHIM/02 - Chimica Fisica
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Role ofH2Oin the thermal annealing of theEγ′center in amorphous silicon dioxide

2009

The model for the annealing of a radiation-induced point defect in silica, the ${\text{E}}_{\ensuremath{\gamma}}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ center, is identified in the temperature range $(150--550)\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}\text{C}$. Thermal treatments in controlled atmospheres of water vapor, oxygen, or helium of irradiated amorphous silicon dioxide are carried out. Direct experimental evidences that the annealing of the ${\text{E}}_{\ensuremath{\gamma}}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ center is caused by a reaction with diffusing water molecules are found. A rate equation system describing this annealing process is inferred, and its solutions are compared with experimental data to obtain quantitative …

Materials scienceAnnealing (metallurgy)Analytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementRate equationActivation energyAtmospheric temperature rangeCondensed Matter PhysicsCrystallographic defectElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsChemical kineticschemistryIrradiationHeliumPhysical Review B
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Q-switching of an erbium-doped fibre laser modulated by a Bragg grating fixed to a piezoelectric

2003

The performance of the Q-switched erbium-doped fibre laser with two fibre Bragg gratings as cavity mirrors was theoretically analysed, employing a set of rate equations for the ion populations and the photon flux inside the cavity. The simulation considers a system where the pulsed laser emission is produced by the temporal modulation of a Bragg grating fixed to a piezoelectric and operating in the 1550 nm spectral region. The temporal evolution of different frequency components of the laser emission produced is governed by the instantaneous overlap between the two gratings. Theoretical results are in agreement with previously reported experimental values.

Materials scienceCiencias Físicasláser de fibrachemistry.chemical_elementPhysics::Opticsfibre laserlaw.inventionErbiumOpticsFiber Bragg gratinglawFiber laserPhysics::Atomic PhysicsErbioCiencias ExactasQ-switchingDistributed feedback laserbusiness.industryFísicaRate equationLaserQ-switchingAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticserbiumchemistryModulationBragg gratingrejilla de Braggbusiness
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Upconversion luminescence in transparent oxyfluoride glass ceramics containing hexagonal NaErF4

2019

The authors wish to express gratitude to K. Smits for TEM measurements. This research is funded by the Latvian Council of Science, project “Novel transparent nanocomposite oxyfluoride materials for optical applications”, project No. LZP-2018/1-0335. GK wishes to expresses gratitude to Arnis Riekstins "MikroTik" donation. Donations are administered by the University of Latvia Foundation. © 2019. This work is licensed under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license.

Materials scienceGlass ceramicsAnalytical chemistry02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciences7. Clean energyIonMaterials Chemistry:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]CeramicSpectroscopyOxyfluorideSite-selective spectroscopyMechanical EngineeringMetals and AlloysRate equation021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPhoton upconversion0104 chemical sciencesMicrocrystallineNanocrystalMechanics of MaterialsTransmission electron microscopyvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_medium0210 nano-technologyNaErF4Upconversion
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SIMULATION OF THERMAL EFFECTS IN OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICES USING COUPLED ENERGY-TRANSPORT AND CIRCUIT MODELS

2008

A coupled model with optoelectronic semiconductor devices in electric circuits is proposed. The circuit is modeled by differential-algebraic equations derived from modified nodal analysis. The transport of charge carriers in the semiconductor devices (laser diode and photo diode) is described by the energy-transport equations for the electron density and temperature, the drift-diffusion equations for the hole density, and the Poisson equation for the electric potential. The generation of photons in the laser diode is modeled by spontaneous and stimulated recombination terms appearing in the transport equations. The devices are coupled to the circuit by the semiconductor current entering the…

Materials scienceLaser diodebusiness.industryApplied MathematicsPhysics::OpticsSemiconductor deviceBackward diodeModified nodal analysislaw.inventionLoad linelawLaser diode rate equationsModeling and SimulationOptoelectronicsbusinessElectronic circuitVoltageMathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences
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Theoretical study of cascade laser in erbium-doped chalcogenide glass fibers

2010

International audience; A theoretical investigation of an innovative cascade laser source is performed. The main goal of the work is the design of a continuous-wave (CW) photonic crystal fiber (PCF) laser, based on an erbium-doped chalcogenide glass. Due to the comparable lifetimes of the 4I13/2, 4I11/2 and 4I9/2 erbium energy levels, the simultaneous emissions at the wavelengths close to 2.7 μm and 4.5 μm are obtained with a pump wavelength close to 806 nm (direct pumping into the level 4I9/2). This scheme could be useful to develop high efficiency, high beam-quality and compact Near-IR and Mid-IR oscillators with single-mode output for applications not only in surgery but also in spectros…

Materials scienceOptical fiberOptical fiberGlass fiberInfrared fiberschemistry.chemical_elementChalcogenide glassPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technology01 natural scienceslaw.invention010309 opticsInorganic ChemistryErbiumOpticslaw0103 physical sciencesCascade lasersElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySpectroscopybusiness.industryOrganic Chemistry[CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistryRate equation021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyLaserAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsInfrared fibers; Optical fiber; Chalcogenides; Cascade laserschemistryCascade[ CHIM.MATE ] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry0210 nano-technologybusinessPhotonic-crystal fiberChalcogenides
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Coating fragmentation by branching cracks at large biaxial strain

2007

The fragmentation behaviour of a thin brittle coating attached to a ductile substrate subjected to equibiaxial quasi-static in-plane tension is studied. The experimentally observed cracking patterns are related to repetitively branching coating cracks. The fragmentation process is modelled by the rate equation approach. It is established that fragmentation by branching cracks leads to a qualitatively different fragment distribution compared to binary fragmentation. The fragmentation model is applied to identify crack branching and coating/substrate stress transfer parameters.

Materials sciencePolymersAerospace EngineeringOcean Engineeringengineering.materialBranching (polymer chemistry)BrittlenessCoatingFragmentation (mass spectrometry)FragmentationCoatingsmental disordersmedicineComposite materialCivil and Structural Engineeringchemistry.chemical_classificationSilicon oxideFissureMechanical EngineeringStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsPolymerRate equationCondensed Matter PhysicsCrackingmedicine.anatomical_structureNuclear Energy and EngineeringchemistryengineeringWeibull distribution
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Discontinuous solutions of linear, degenerate elliptic equations

2008

Abstract We give examples of discontinuous solutions of linear, degenerate elliptic equations with divergence structure. These solve positively conjectures of De Giorgi.

Mathematics(all)Applied MathematicsGeneral MathematicsWeak solutionMathematical analysisDegenerate energy levelsStructure (category theory)Degenerate equationDegenerate elliptic equationsWeak solutionsElliptic curveDivergence (statistics)Linear equationContinuityMathematicsJournal de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées
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Control of essential supremum of solutions of quasilinear degenerate parabolic equations

2001

Sufficient conditions are obtained so that a weak subsolution of a class of quasilinear degenerate parabolic equations, bounded from above on theparabolic boundary of the cylinder Q, turns out to be bounded from above in Q.

Maximum principleApplied MathematicsBounded functionDegenerate energy levelsMathematical analysisMathematics::Analysis of PDEsCylinderDegenerate equationBoundary (topology)Essential supremum and essential infimumParabolic partial differential equationAnalysisMathematicsApplicable Analysis
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