Search results for "Ratings"
showing 9 items of 79 documents
Optical Field-Induced Mass Transport in Soft Materials
2013
Abstract The dependence of the surface relief formation in amorphous chalcogenide (As 2 S 3 and As-S-Se) and Disperse Red 1 dye grafted polyurethane polymer films on the polarization state of holographic recording light beams was studied. It is shown that the direction of lateral mass transport on the film surface is determined by the direction of light electric vector and photoinduced anisotropy in the film. We propose a photoinduced dielectropfhoretic model to explain the photoinduced mass transport in amorphous films. Model is based on the photoinduced softening of the matrix, formation of defects with enhanced or decreased polarizability, and their drift under the electrical field gradi…
Notations et écarts de rentabilité : le marché français avant l'euro
2003
The main task of this paper is to confront two classical measures of default risk of the issuer, the rating and the spread. The first is attributed by agencies specialized in this activity (Standard and Poor's or Moody's) while the second results directly from the market price of the bond. This article studies this link over a period of two years for about forty French denominated bonds. Two measures of the spread are used and the results obtained show the very partial consideration of this information by the investors on the French bond market.
Vizuālās informācijas ietekme uz sāpju slieksni.
2020
Maģistra darbs ir uzrakstīts angļu valodā uz 36 lapam. Tas satur 17 attēlus, 4 tabulas u 82 atsauces. Mērķis: Izpētīt, kā dažādas tematiskās fotogrāfijas modulē sāpju noteikšanas sliekšņus, un novērtētu emocionālās fotogrāfijas izmantojot pašnovērtējuma manekenu metodi (SAM). Metodes: 21 sievietei sāpju noteikšanas sliekšņi tika izmērīti ar pakāpeniski pieaugoša sprieguma padevi dalībnieku apakšdelmiem. Rezultāti: Sāpju noteikšanas sliekšņi tika samazināti ar negatīvām valences fotogrāfijām (attēlojot vardarbību, dzīvnieku un cilvēku uzbrukumus, zaudējumus). Skatoties neitrālās un pozitīvās fotogrāfijas, sāpju noteikšanas sliekšņi neatšķīrās. SAM pozitīvo fotogrāfiju vērtējumi atklāja augst…
Financial Crisis and Bank Ratings
2014
El principal objetivo de esta tesis doctoral es el análisis del comportamiento de las agencias de calificación cuando evalúan a las entidades bancarias así como el efecto que tienen sus ratings sobre los mercados financieros antes y durante la crisis financiera que se inicia en el año 2007. Si bien es cierto que en la literatura existen numerosos trabajos que se centran en el estudio de los ratings soberanos en cuanto a modelización e impacto que tienen los ratings en los mercados financieros, prácticamente ninguno de ellos se centra en el caso de los ratings bancarios y menos en el contexto de crisis financiera. El segundo capítulo de la tesis doctoral tienen como principal objetivo el aná…
The relationship between credit ratings and asset liquidity: Evidence from Western European banks
2020
This study examines the role of asset liquidity in Western European banks’ credit rating downgrades and upgrades over the 2005–2017 period. The results suggest that changes in bank credit ratings have been more favorable for banks that have a liquid asset portfolio. Furthermore, asset liquidity has a stronger effect on the credit rating of banks that already have an illiquid asset portfolio. In contrast, the effect is significantly smaller or nonexistent for the most liquid banks. These results imply that the new liquidity regulation introduced by the Basel III requirements will improve the stability and hence decrease the fragility of the European banking sector. Furthermore, the benefits …
Generation of programmable 3D optical vortex structures through devil’s vortex-lens arrays
2013
Different spatial distributions of optical vortices have been generated and characterized by implementing arrays of devil's vortex lenses in a reconfigurable spatial light modulator. A simple design procedure assigns the preferred position and topological charge value to each vortex in the structure, tuning the desired angular momentum. Distributions with charges and momenta of the opposite sign have been experimentally demonstrated. The angular velocity exhibited by the phase distribution around the focal plane has been visualized, showing an excellent agreement with the simulations. The practical limits of the method, with interest for applications involving particle transfer and manipula…
Emotional expression in music: contribution, linearity, and additivity of primary musical cues
2013
The aim of this study is to manipulate musical cues systematically to determine the aspects of music that contribute to emotional expression, and whether these cues operate in additive or interactive fashion, and whether the cue levels can be characterized as linear or non-linear. An optimized factorial design was used with six primary musical cues (mode, tempo, dynamics, articulation, timbre, and register) across four different music examples. Listeners rated 200 musical examples according to four perceived emotional characters (happy, sad, peaceful, and scary). The results exhibited robust effects for all cues and the ranked importance of these was established by multiple regression. The …
Single-mode Bragg gratings in tapered few-modes and multimode fibers
2019
We propose the implementation of fiber Bragg gratings in tapered few-mode and multimode fibers to accomplish single-mode operation by reducing the core diameter, while preserving the core-cladding structure. The gratings present a single reflection band, and the device shows low insertion losses after the taper fabrication and the fiber Bragg gratings inscription. The excitation of high-order odd modes in the core of the fiber has been identified as the main loss mechanism; it can be prevented by means of symmetric illumination of the fibers. We also demonstrate the excitation of high-order cladding modes (cladding-air modes) along the taper transitions; these modes can be removed without a…
Synthesis and Holographic Properties of Alkyl 2-Cyanoacetate Acceptor Fragment Containing Push – Pull Type Organic Glasses
2015
We present synthesis, optical and holographic properties of original structure organic glasses based on compounds consisting of three fragments: of N,N-bis(2-(trityloxy)ethyl)-4-vinylaniline or N,N-bis(5,5,5-triphenylpentyl)-4-vinylaniline fragments as electron donating fragment (D), 4H-pyran-4-ylidene fragment as linker(π) and of 2-(trityloxy)ethyl 2-cyanoacetate or 5,5,5-triphenylpentyl 2-cyanoacetate as acceptor (A) fragment. These push-pull (D- π-A) type molecular compounds show good solubility in non-polar solvents (CHCl3 or CH2Cl2) and neat thin films with sufficient optical qualities have been obtained by spin-coating technique. Maxima of UV–VIS absorption in dichloromethane solution…