Search results for "Rationality"
showing 10 items of 144 documents
Is an anarchist business organization possible? Textile firms in the industrial district of Alcoi during the Spanish Civil War (1936-39)
2019
espanolDurante la Guerra Civil Espanola, en el lado republicano, estallo una revolucion social, liderada por los trabajadores y sus sindicatos que termino en muchos lugares en un proceso de colectivizacion empresarial. En la ciudad de Alcoi, el sindicato anarquista tomo el control de mas de 100 empresas textiles familiares, pasando por un proceso de racionalizacion que unifico la produccion de todas las empresas textiles para superar una crisis de produccion anterior y atender la demanda de guerra. ?El caso de Alcoi durante la Guerra Civil demuestra la posibilidad de una organizacion empresarial anarquista exitosa? Este articulo trata de comprender el desarrollo de los negocios sin una orga…
No le digan loco a Bill. Sobre internalismo y externalismo de las razones para la acción
2011
En este trabajo analizaré dos concepciones de la racionalidad práctica – bien conocidas y debatidas en la literatura contemporánea – con el propósito de mostrar que una es superior a la otra. La primera concepción, que será la defendida en este trabajo, es una concepción denominada “formal” o “internalista”, mientras que la segunda podría denominarse “sustancial” o “externalista”. En particular, defenderé una concepción formal moderada, análoga a la de Bernard Williams, según la cual Juan tiene una razón para hacer X, si y sólo si hacer X representa un medio (considerado) suficiente para satisfacer un deseo que él tendría luego de haber realizado el procedimiento argumentativo racional. In …
O sujeito do conhecimento – o objeto da ação: a “passagem”, identidade e diferença na filosofia de Arthur Schopenhauer
2009
In the present text, I’ll dwell upon the tensions or contradictions in the philosophy of Schopenhauer, and I’ll try to understand them instead of accusing the philosopher of irrationality or inconsequence. The first part of the text investigates Schopenhauer’s theory of knowledge under the aspects of difference and passage, and the second part investigates the liason between etchis and aesthetics searching for an answer for the question of the present identity in the determination of compassion as an expression of the knowledge of the unity of the will.
Phenomenological Paths to Metaphysics
1991
Fifty years after Husserl’s death it is becoming more necessary than ever to give deep thought to the fundamental aspirations of his phenomenology: to lay the foundations of philosophy as opposed to that naturalist, positivist, and objectivist rationality which leads to relativism and skepticism. Husserl’s attempt to create a first philosophy as a framework for philosophical rationality, by itself enough with which to conduct human life, should be reconsidered, since yet again we are living in a cultural situation where the power of facts prevails over the force of reason.
Argumentation in Mathematics
2013
In The Uses of Argument, Stephen Toulmin (1958) introduced a model of argumentation, in which what may be called the ‘layout of arguments’ is represented. This model has become a classic in argumentation theory and has been used in the analysis, evaluation and construction of arguments. Toulmin’s main thesis is that, in principle, one can make a claim of rationality for any type of argument, and that the criterion of validity depends on the nature of the problem in question. He rejects the idea of universal norms for evaluation of argumentation and that formal logic provides these norms. There is an essential difference between the norms which are relevant to the evaluation of everyday argu…
2013
This metatheoretical paper develops a list of new research targets by exploring particularly promising interdisciplinary contact points between empirical dream research and philosophy of mind. The central example is the MPS-problem. It is constituted by the epistemic goal of conceptually isolating and empirically grounding the phenomenal property of "minimal phenomenal selfhood," which refers to the simplest form of self-consciousness. In order to precisely describe MPS, one must focus on those conditions that are not only causally enabling, but strictly necessary to bring it into existence. This contribution argues that research on bodiless dreams, asomatic out-of-body experiences, and ful…
Quine and the Contemporary Debate on Mindreading
2012
Abstract The paper examines some of the questions emerging from the debate on mindreading regarding Quine’s legacy and contribution to a new agenda on the issue. Since mindreading is an exercise in folk-psychology, a) which role folk psychology has to play according to Quine? b) was Quine’s account of mindreading closer to theory-theory, simulation theory or hybrid theory? c) was Quine a rationality theorist? d) are hybrid-theory and rationality theory incompatible as many would suggest? On the score of the answers to these questions, the paper tries to suggest a Quinean inspired blend of rationality-based and hybrid view-based strategies to explain mindreading.
Comprensión del sentido y normas de racionalidad. Una defensa de Peter Winch
1998
El artículo responde a dos objetivos principales. El primero es examinar la noción de acción significativa como elemento central de la filosofía de la ciencia social de Peter Winch, que sitúa a ésta en la órbita de una concepción hermenéutica de la ciencia social, conforme a la cual el científico social pretende un tipo de comprensión del sentido de las acciones humanas que depende de su conexión simbólica con reglas sociales. El segundo objetivo es examinar la aplicación que hace Winch de su teoría de la acción humana al ámbito de la comprensión intercultural y argumentar que, frente al modelo de la traducción, Winch propone una interpretación pragmática de las reglas sociales basada en la…
WHEN DEDUCTION LEADS TO BELIEF
1995
The paper questions the common assumption that rational individuals believe all propositions which they know to be logical consequences of their other beliefs: although we must acknowledge the truth of a proposition which is a deductive consequence of our beliefs, we may not genuinely believe it. This conclusion is defended by arguing that some familiar counterexamples to the claim that knowledge is justified true belief fail because they involve propositions which are not really believed. Beliefs guide conduct or issue in assertion by answering questions which arise in the course of deliberation and conversation, but the troublesome cases present propositions which do not present the agent…
La oposición entre la razón instrumental y la lúdica en la propuesta utópica de Bernard Suits
2020
En este texto analizamos el estudio que Bernard Suits hace del uso instrumental de la razón en The Grasshopper a través de su utopía. Para ello, analizamos el papel que juega la razón instrumental en la teoría del juego y en la utopía de Suits. Luego, comparamos el uso instrumental de la razón con lo que denominamos «actitud lúdica». Esta última encarna la racionalidad lúdica que los jugadores han de adoptar para jugar al juego y vivir en el mundo utópico de Suits. Para concluir, defendemos que la actitud lúdica ofrece una alternativa a la predominancia del uso instrumental de la razón en nuestra sociedad.