Search results for "Reaction"
showing 10 items of 6134 documents
An amino-terminal segment of hantavirus nucleocapsid protein presented on hepatitis B virus core particles induces a strong and highly cross-reactive…
2004
AbstractPreviously, we have demonstrated that hepatitis B virus (HBV) core particles tolerate the insertion of the amino-terminal 120 amino acids (aa) of the Puumala hantavirus nucleocapsid (N) protein. Here, we demonstrate that the insertion of 120 amino-terminal aa of N proteins from highly virulent Dobrava and Hantaan hantaviruses allows the formation of chimeric core particles. These particles expose the inserted foreign protein segments, at least in part, on their surface. Analysis by electron cryomicroscopy of chimeric particles harbouring the Puumala virus (PUUV) N segment revealed 90% T = 3 and 10% T = 4 shells. A map computed from T = 3 shells shows additional density splaying out …
A hantavirus nucleocapsid protein segment exposed on hepatitis B virus core particles is highly immunogenic in mice when applied without adjuvants or…
2005
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) core particles carrying the amino-terminal 120 amino acids (aa) of the nucleocapsid (N) protein of the hantaviruses Dobrava, Hantaan or Puumala have been demonstrated to be highly immunogenic in mice when complexed with adjuvants. Here we demonstrate that even without adjuvant, these chimeric particles induced high-titered, and strongly cross-reactive N-specific antibody responses in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. The induced N-specific antibodies represented all IgG subclasses. Pre-existing core-specific antibodies did not abrogate the induction of an N-specific immune response by a hantavirus N insert presented on core particles. Therefore, chimeric core particles should…
Pattern and management of maxillofacial fractures in Jordanian children and adolescents
2022
The aim of this study was to analyze the characteristics, etiology and treatment of maxillofacial fractures among children and adolescents in northern part of Jordan. A retrospective cohort study which included 91 children and adolescents patients who were treated for maxillofacial fractures during a period of three years between January 2019 and December 2021 at a tertiary hospital in Jordan. Over a period of three years, a total of 91 children between the age of 0 and 19 years were treated with 156 total maxillofacial fractures. Of these, 68 (74.73%) were males and 23 (25.27%) were females. One tenth of patients (10 (10.99%) were children of the preschool group and 55 patients (60.44%) we…
Induction of a disintegrin and metalloprotease 33 during embryonic lung development and the influence of IL-13 or maternal allergy.
2009
Background Asthma pathogenesis involves gene and environmental interactions. A disintegrin and metalloprotease 33 (ADAM33)/Adam33 is a susceptibility gene for asthma and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in human beings and mice. ADAM33 is almost exclusively expressed in mesenchymal cells, including mesenchymal progenitors in developing lungs. Objective Because maternal allergy is a risk factor for asthma, we hypothesized that an allergic environment affects ADAM33/Adam33 expression during human and mouse lung development. Methods Human embryonic/fetal lung (HEL) tissues were collected from first-trimester terminations of pregnancy. These were processed immediately or used for explant culture ±…
Signals involved in the early TH1/TH2 polarization of an immune response depending on the type of antigen.
1999
Abstract Background: The early production of distinct cytokines by epidermal cells (ECs) in response to antigen exposure may govern the development of T H1 -like immune responses, such as contact sensitivity, or T H2 -like immune responses, such as IgE-dependent allergies of the immediate type, depending on the type of antigen. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the signals induced by protein allergens with those induced by haptens in ECs and subsequently in local draining lymph node cells (LNCs) or splenocytes. Methods: BALB/c mice were primed in vivo with the protein allergens ovalbumin or birch pollen or the haptens 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene or trinitrochlorbenzene, respectiv…
Unpredicted ovulations and conceptions during early pregnancy: an explanatory mechanism of human superfetation
2012
In this bioessay, a literature review on human superfetation was performed in order to find epidemiological variables associated with this phenomenon. Thereafter, an explanatory mechanism of superfetation compatible with the endocrinological, histological and physiological changes undergone by women during early pregnancy is proposed. Superfetation can be defined as the ovulation, fertilisation and implantation of a second or additional embryo(s) during pregnancy. The literature review evidences a small discordance in gestational age between dizygotic twins in humans (range: 2–4 weeks; mean ± s.e.m.: 3.3 ± 0.3 weeks). This difference is compatible with a luteal out-of-phase (LOOP; i.e. atyp…
Room temperature ionic liquids structure and its effect on the mononuclear rearrangement of heterocycles: an approach using thermodynamic parameters.
2006
The kinetics of the rearrangement of the Z-phenylhydrazone of 3-benzoyl-5-phenyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole (1) into the relevant 4-benzoylamino-2,5-diphenyl-1,2,3-triazole (2) induced by amines have been studied in five room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) at different temperatures. The kinetic data collected show that both cationic and anionic parts of RTILs significantly influence the reactivity of the title reaction. The calculated activation parameters allow us to advance hypotheses about the weak interactions operating in RTIL solutions.
Magneli-type tungsten oxide nanorods as catalysts for the selective oxidation of organic sulfides
2021
Selective oxidation of thioethers is an important reaction to obtain sulfoxides as synthetic intermediates for applications in the chemical industry, medicinal chemistry and biology or the destruction of warfare agents. The reduced Magneli-type tungsten oxide WO3−x possesses a unique oxidase-like activity which facilitates the oxidation of thioethers to the corresponding sulfoxides. More than 90% of the model system methylphenylsulfide could be converted to the sulfoxide with a selectivity of 98% at room temperature within 30 minutes, whereas oxidation to the corresponding sulfone was on a time scale of days. The concentration of the catalyst had a significant impact on the reaction rate. R…
Hybrid magnetic materials based on layered double hydroxides: from the chemistry towards the applications
2014
Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are the leitmotiv of this dissertation. Contradicting the assertion that “any past was better”, LDHs have been continuously revisited from the middle of the twentieth century, and represent an excellent example of the never-ending beauty of Chemistry. New synthetic perspectives are giving a new impetus to LDH chemistry, which among hybrid materials, are finding their heyday. This is resulting in novel materials and also paving the way for new fundamental and practical insights. This dissertation is focused on magnetic LDHs, and for the sake of clarity it is organized in three main parts: we will move from basic synthetic and physical aspects of LDHs, through…
Bimetallic Intersection in PdFe@FeO x ‐C Nanomaterial for Enhanced Water Splitting Electrocatalysis
2022
Supported Fe-doped Pd-nanoparticles (NPs) are prepared via soft transformation of a PdFe-metal oraganic framework (MOF). The thus synthesized bimetallic PdFe-NPs are supported on FeO@C layers, which are essential for developing well-defined and distributed small NPs, 2.3 nm with 35% metal loading. They are used as bifunctional nanocatalysts for the electrocatalytic water splitting process. They display superior mass activity for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), both in alkaline and acid media, compared with those obtained for benchmarking platinum HER catalyst, and ruthenium, and iridium oxide OER catalysts. PdFe-NPs also exhibit outstanding sta…