Search results for "Reaction"

showing 10 items of 6134 documents

Left but not right temporal involvement in opaque idiom comprehension: a repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation study

2004

Abstract It has been suggested that figurative language, which includes idioms, is controlled by the right hemisphere. We tested the right hemisphere hypothesis by using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to transiently disrupt the function of the frontal and temporal areas of the right versus left hemisphere in a group of normal participants involved in a task of opaque idiom versus literal sentence comprehension. Forty opaque, nonambiguous idioms were selected. Fifteen young healthy participants underwent rTMS in two sessions. The experiment was run in five blocks, corresponding to the four stimulated scalp positions (left frontal and temporal and right frontal and tempor…

PhraseCognitive Neurosciencemedicine.medical_treatmentM-PSI/02 - PSICOBIOLOGIA E PSICOLOGIA FISIOLOGICAbehavioral disciplines and activitiesLiteral and figurative languageFunctional LateralityLateralization of brain functionRandom AllocationReaction TimemedicineHumansLiteral (computer programming)Temporal cortexAnalysis of VarianceBrain MappingSettore M-PSI/02 - Psicobiologia E Psicologia FisiologicaElectroencephalographyCerebellum Connectivity Intracortical inhibition Theta burst stimulation TMS Transcranial magnetic stimulationTranscranial Magnetic StimulationElectric StimulationTemporal LobeFrontal LobeSemanticsTranscranial magnetic stimulationLateralityComprehensionPsychologyPhotic StimulationPsychomotor Performanceidioms TMSSentenceCognitive psychology
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Polyphasic taxonomy of a novel yeast isolated from antarctic environment; description of Cryptococcus victoriae sp. nov.

1999

In 1992 some samples of mosses, lichens and soils were collected from Botany Bay, Southern Victoria Land (77 degrees 01' S 162 degrees 32' E) and, as a result of a routine screening programme some yeasts were isolated. One of them, designated as strain G5, showed marked differences when compared to other antarctic yeasts. According to morphological and physiological characteristics, we were able to identify the strain G5 as a yeast belonging to the genus Cryptococcus. Some characteristics of this genus are the growth response to myo-inositol, celobiose, raffinose and D-glucuronate, no-fermentation, the absence of mycelium and pseudomycelium, asexual reproduction, Diazolium blue B test (DBB)…

Phylogenetic treeBase SequenceMolecular Sequence DataFungi imperfectiRibosomal RNABiologybiology.organism_classificationApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyMicrobiologyPolymerase Chain ReactionYeastCryptococcusPhenotypePhylogeneticsBotanyTaxonomy (biology)LichenDNA FungalEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsMyceliumPolymorphism Restriction Fragment LengthSystematic and applied microbiology
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Gamma Ray Spectra from Thermal Neutron Capture on Gadolinium-155 and Natural Gadolinium

2019

Natural gadolinium is widely used for its excellent thermal neutron capture cross section, because of its two major isotopes: $^{\rm 155}$Gd and $^{\rm 157}$Gd. We measured the $\gamma$-ray spectra produced from the thermal neutron capture on targets comprising a natural gadolinium film and enriched $^{\rm 155}$Gd (in Gd$_{2}$O$_{3}$ powder) in the energy range from 0.11 MeV to 8.0 MeV, using the ANNRI germanium spectrometer at MLF, J-PARC. The freshly analysed data of the $^{\rm 155}$Gd(n, $\gamma$) reaction are used to improve our previously developed model (ANNRI-Gd model) for the $^{\rm 157}$Gd(n, $\gamma$) reaction, and its performance confirmed with the independent data from the $^{\r…

Physics - Instrumentation and DetectorsGadoliniumMonte Carlo methodAnalytical chemistryenergy spectrumGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_elementFOS: Physical sciencesGermanium[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]n: thermal7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesSpectral lineHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)F20 Instrumentation and technique0103 physical sciencesH43 Software architectures[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex][PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)n: capture010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentMonte CarloPhysicsD21 Models of nuclear reactionsIsotopeSpectrometer010308 nuclear & particles physicsJ-PARC LabGamma rayInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Gadolinium neutron capture gamma ray cascadeNeutron temperature3. Good healthparticle: interactionH20 Instrumentation for underground experimentsgermaniumF22 Neutrinos from supernova remnant and other astronomical objectsC42 Reactor experimentschemistrygamma rayC43 Underground experimentsspectrometergadoliniumperformance
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N/Z effects on evaporation residue emission near fragmentation threshold

2011

We will discuss results concerning the fate of hot nuclear systems populated in 40,48 Ca+ 40,48 Ca reactions at 25 MeV/nucleon. Due to the complexity of events, we used the Chimera 4π device as detection system. By selecting central events of reaction, we found that the interplay between binary-like and evaporation residue emissions is strongly sensitive on the N/Z of the entrance channels. In particular, evaporation residue emission increases at increasing the neutron content of colliding system. By comparing or data with CoMD-II model calculations, we can extract information about the density depend part of Symmetry Potential in the Nuclear Equation of State at near-saturation densities.

Physics and Astronomy (all)ChemistryPhysicsQC1-999compound nucleuNeutronNuclear equation of stateNuclear reactionAtomic physicsNucleonNuclear Experimentdecay modes
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Electromagnetic Structure of the Neutron from Annihilation Reactions

2022

The investigation of the fundamental properties of the nucleon is one of the most important topics in the modern hadron physics. Its internal structure and dynamics can be studied through the measurement of electromagnetic form factors which represent the simplest structure observables and serve as a test ground for our understanding of the strong interaction. Since the first attempt to measure the time-like form factors of the neutron, only four experiments published results on its structure from annihilation reactions. Due to the lack of statistics and experimental challenges, no individual determination of the form factors of the neutron has been possible so far. Modern developments of e…

Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Chemistry (miscellaneous)General Mathematicsform factors; neutron; nucleon structure; annihilation reactions; non-perturbative strong interactionComputer Science (miscellaneous)Symmetry; Volume 14; Issue 2; Pages: 298
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First-Principles Computed Rate Constant for the O + O 2 Isotopic Exchange Reaction Now Matches Experiment

2018

We show, by performing exact time-independent quantum molecular scattering calculations, that the quality of the ground electronic state global potential energy surface appears to be of utmost importance in accurately obtaining even as strongly averaged quantities as kinetic rate constants. The oxygen isotope exchange reaction, 18O + 32O2, motivated by the understanding of a complex long-standing problem of isotopic ozone anomalies in the stratosphere and laboratory experiments, is explored in this context. The thermal rate constant for this key reaction is now in quantitative agreement with all experimental data available to date. A significant recent progress at the frontier of three rese…

Physics010304 chemical physics010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesScatteringспектроскопия[PHYS.MPHY]Physics [physics]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph]Context (language use)Electronic structureкинетические параметрыизотопный обмен01 natural sciences7. Clean energyComputational physics[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistryReaction rate constant0103 physical sciencesPotential energy surfaceхимические расчетыGeneral Materials ScienceScattering theoryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySpectroscopyQuantumComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS0105 earth and related environmental sciences
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Precision mass measurements of Fe67 and Co69,70 : Nuclear structure toward N=40 and impact on r -process reaction rates

2020

Accurate mass measurements of neutron-rich iron and cobalt isotopes $^{67}\mathrm{Fe}$ and $^{69,70}\mathrm{Co}$ have been realized with the JYFLTRAP double Penning-trap mass spectrometer. With novel ion-manipulation techniques, the masses of the $^{69,70}\mathrm{Co}$ ground states and the $1/{2}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ isomer in $^{69}\mathrm{Co}$ have been extracted for the first time. The measurements remove ambiguities in the previous mass values and yield a smoother trend on the mass surface, extending it beyond $N=40$. The moderate $N=40$ subshell gap has been found to weaken below $^{68}\mathrm{Ni}$, a region known for shape coexistence and increased collectivity. The excitation energy for…

Physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsNuclear structureMass spectrometry7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesIntruder stateReaction rate13. Climate actionYield (chemistry)0103 physical sciencesr-processAtomic physics010306 general physicsExcitationEnergy (signal processing)Physical Review C
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The Boltzmann Probability as a Unifying Approach to Different Phenomena

2010

We discuss a pedagogical approach to the role of the Boltzmann probability in describing the temperature dependence of three simple experimental situations. The approach has been experimented in an introductory course on statistical mechanics for undergraduate engineering students at University of Palermo.

Physics4. Education05 social sciencesPhysics education050301 educationGeneral Physics and AstronomyStatistical mechanics01 natural sciencesBoltzmann equationBoltzmann distributionsymbols.namesakeviscous liquids flowSimple (abstract algebra)Boltzmann probability0103 physical sciencesBoltzmann constantComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATIONsymbolschemical clock reactionthermionic emissionUndergraduate engineeringStatistical physics010306 general physics0503 education
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Band-terminating states in 101Ag

2004

Excited states of the neutron deficient Ag-101 nucleus have been investigated via the Cr-50(Ni-58, 3rho1alpha) heavy-ion induced reaction at 261 meV by use of in-beam spectroscopic methods. On the basis of the measured gammagamma-cincidence relations and angular distribution ratios high-spin bands have been extended up to I-pi = 35/2(+), 45/2((-)) and (49/2(-)). The negative parity states at the highest energy have been interpreted as terminating non-collective oblate states in the framework of the Nilsson-Strutinsky cranking formalism.

PhysicsBaryonNuclear reactionNuclear and High Energy PhysicsExcited stateHadronNeutronAtomic physicsNucleonSpectroscopyCharged particleNuclear Physics A
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Transition state ensemble optimization for reactions of arbitrary complexity.

2015

In the present work, we use Variational Transition State Theory (VTST) to develop a practical method for transition state ensemble optimization by looking for an optimal hyperplanar dividing surface in a space of meaningful trial collective variables. These might be interatomic distances, angles, electrostatic potentials, etc. Restrained molecular dynamics simulations are used to obtain on-the-fly estimates of ensemble averages that guide the variations of the hyperplane maximizing the transmission coefficient. A central result of our work is an expression that quantitatively estimates the importance of the coordinates used for the localization of the transition state ensemble. Starting fro…

PhysicsBond lengthArbitrarily largeMolecular dynamicsTransition state theoryHyperplaneQuantum mechanicsHistogramGeneral Physics and AstronomyStatistical physicsTransmission coefficientPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryReaction coordinateThe Journal of chemical physics
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