Search results for "Reaction"

showing 10 items of 6134 documents

Determining therp-Process Flow throughNi56: Resonances inCu57(p,γ)Zn58Identified with GRETINA

2014

An approach is presented to experimentally constrain previously unreachable (p, γ) reaction rates on nuclei far from stability in the astrophysical rp process. Energies of all critical resonances in the (57)Cu(p,γ)(58)Zn reaction are deduced by populating states in (58)Zn with a (d, n) reaction in inverse kinematics at 75 MeV/u, and detecting γ-ray-recoil coincidences with the state-of-the-art γ-ray tracking array GRETINA and the S800 spectrograph at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory. The results reduce the uncertainty in the (57)Cu(p,γ) reaction rate by several orders of magnitude. The effective lifetime of (56)Ni, an important waiting point in the rp process in x-ray burst…

PhysicsReaction rateChemical substanceSuperconducting cyclotronOrders of magnitude (time)Radiative captureFlow (psychology)Analytical chemistryGeneral Physics and Astronomyrp-processNuclear ExperimentPhysical Review Letters
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Astrophysical reaction rates forB10(p,α)7Be andB11(p,α)8Be from a direct model

1996

The reactions $^{10}\mathrm{B}$(p,\ensuremath{\alpha}${)}^{7}$Be and $^{11}\mathrm{B}$(p,\ensuremath{\alpha}${)}^{8}$Be are studied at thermonuclear energies using DWBA calculations. For both reactions, transitions to the ground states and first excited states are investigated. In the case of $^{10}\mathrm{B}$(p,\ensuremath{\alpha}${)}^{7}$Be, a resonance at ${\mathit{E}}_{\mathrm{res}}$=10 keV can be consistently described in the potential model, thereby allowing the extension of the astrophysical S-factor data to very low energies. Strong interference with a resonance at about ${\mathit{E}}_{\mathrm{res}}$=550 keV require a Breit-Wigner description of that resonance and the introduction o…

PhysicsReaction rateNuclear and High Energy PhysicsIsospinExcited stateThermonuclear reactionResonanceDirect modelAlpha particleAtomic physicsNuclear theoryPhysical Review C
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Improving the nuclear physics input along the rp-process path

2007

The level structure of 30 S was studied at the NSCL by using neutron removal reactions with a radioactive 31 S beam. The γ -decay from excited states in 30 S was measured in a Ge-detector array. The results discussed for this work will reduce the uncertainties in the determination of the astrophysical 29 P(p, γ ) 30 S reaction rate under rp -process conditions.

PhysicsReaction rateNuclear physicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsWork (thermodynamics)Excited statePath (graph theory)Level structureNeutronrp-processAtomic physicsNuclear ExperimentBeam (structure)Nuclear Physics A
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Two experiments to approach the Boltzmann factor: chemical reaction and viscous flow

2012

In this paper we discuss a pedagogical approach aimed at pointing out the role played by the Boltzmann factor in describing phenomena usually perceived as regulated by different mechanisms of functioning. Experimental results regarding some aspects of a chemical reaction and of the viscous flow of some liquids are analysed and described in terms of macroscopic variables whose temperature dependence is proportional to the Boltzmann factor. A description of a workshop implementing the approach in the framework of an undergraduate course for engineering education and some preliminary results about its pedagogical relevance are then reported.

PhysicsScience instructionSettore FIS/08 - Didattica E Storia Della Fisica05 social sciencesMaxwell–Boltzmann statisticsViscosity of liquidPhysics::Physics Education050301 educationGeneral Physics and Astronomy01 natural sciencesChemical reactionRate constantLaboratory experiments and apparatusBoltzmann distributionTheoretical physics0103 physical sciencesViscous flowFluid dynamicsActivation energyStatistical physicsBoltzmann factor010306 general physics0503 education
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Near-threshold $\pi^-$ photoproduction on the deuteron

2018

The first experimental investigation of the near-threshold cross section for incoherent $\pi^-$ photoproduction on the deuteron $\gamma$ d -> $\pi^-$ pp is presented. The experimental technique involved detection of the ~131 MeV gamma ray resulting from the radiative capture of photoproduced $\pi^-$ in the target. The total cross section has been measured using an unpolarized tagged-photon beam, a liquid-deuterium target, and three very large NaI(Tl) spectrometers. The data are compared to theoretical models that give insight into the elementary reaction $\gamma$ n -> $\pi^-$ p and pion-nucleon and nucleon-nucleon final-state interactions.

PhysicsSpectrometer010308 nuclear & particles physicsRadiative captureNuclear TheoryTheoretical models01 natural sciences3. Good healthNuclear physicsNear thresholdCross section (physics)Deuterium0103 physical sciencesElementary reaction010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentNuclear ExperimentBeam (structure)
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Pair transfer processes probed at deep sub barrier energies

2011

Multinucleon transfer cross sections in the system 40 Ca+ 96 Zr have been measured at bombarding energies ranging from the Coulomb barrier to ~ 25% below. Target-like (lighter) recoils in inverse kinematics have been completely identif ed in A,Z and Q-value with the large solid angle magnetic spectrometer PRISMA. The experimental slopes of the neutron transfer probabilities at large internuclear separation are consistent with the values derived from the binding energies. A phenomenological interpretation of the transfer probabilities indicates the presence of enhanced values for the even number of neutron transfers.

PhysicsSpectrometerPhysicsQC1-999Transfer (computing)Binding energySolid angleCoulomb barrierNeutronAtomic physicsNuclear Experimenttransfer reaction; magnetic spectrometer; sub-barrier regionEPJ Web of Conferences
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Unraveling the nature of universal dynamics in $O(N)$ theories

2020

Many-body quantum systems far from equilibrium can exhibit universal scaling dynamics which defy standard classification schemes. Here, we disentangle the dominant excitations in the universal dynamics of highly-occupied $N$-component scalar systems using unequal-time correlators. While previous equal-time studies have conjectured the infrared properties to be universal for all $N$, we clearly identify for the first time two fundamentally different phenomena relevant at different $N$. We find all $N\geq3$ to be indeed dominated by the same Lorentzian ``large-$N$'' peak, whereas $N=1$ is characterized instead by a non-Lorentzian peak with different properties, and for $N=2$ we see a mixture …

PhysicsStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)010308 nuclear & particles physicsDynamics (mechanics)Scalar (mathematics)FOS: Physical sciencesClassification schemeComputer Science::Digital Libraries01 natural sciencesTheoretical physicsHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)0103 physical sciencesAutocatalytic reaction010306 general physicsCondensed Matter - Quantum GasesQuantumScalingCondensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
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Super-critical and sub-critical bifurcations in a reaction-diffusion Schnakenberg model with linear cross-diffusion

2016

In this paper the Turing pattern formation mechanism of a two components reaction-diffusion system modeling the Schnakenberg chemical reaction is considered. In Ref. (Madzavamuse et al., J Math Biol 70(4):709–743, 2015) it was shown how the presence of linear cross-diffusion terms favors the destabilization of the constant steady state. We perform the weakly nonlinear multiple scales analysis to derive the equations for the amplitude of the Turing patterns and to show how the cross-diffusion coefficients influence the occurrence of super-critical or sub-critical bifurcations. We present a numerical exploration of far from equilibrium regimes and prove the existence of multistable stationary…

PhysicsSteady stateApplied MathematicsGeneral MathematicsNumerical analysis010102 general mathematicsPattern formationSettore MAT/01 - Logica Matematica01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasNonlinear systemActivator-inhibitor kinetics Cross-diffusion Turing instability Amplitude equationsAmplitude0103 physical sciencesReaction–diffusion systemStatistical physics0101 mathematicsConstant (mathematics)Settore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaTuringcomputercomputer.programming_languageRicerche di Matematica
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Atmospheric neutrino observations and flavor changing interactions

1999

Flavor changing (FC) neutrino-matter interactions can account for the zenith-angle dependent deficit of atmospheric neutrinos observed in the SuperKamiokande experiment, without directly invoking neither neutrino mass, nor mixing. We find that FC $\nu_\mu$-matter interactions provide a good fit to the observed zenith angle distributions, comparable in quality to the neutrino oscillation hypothesis. The required FC interactions arise naturally in many attractive extensions of the Standard Model.

PhysicsSterile neutrinoParticle physicsReaccions nuclearsSolar neutrinoAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyGeneral Physics and AstronomyFísicaFOS: Physical sciencesSolar neutrino problemPartícules (Física nuclear)Standard ModelNuclear physicsHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Measurements of neutrino speedHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNuclear reactionsNeutrinoNeutrino oscillationZenithParticles (Nuclear physics)
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Self‐similar problems for modeling the surface chemical reactions with the gravitation

1998

The mathematical model of a chemical reaction which takes place on the surface of the uniformly moving vertically imbedded glass fibre material is considered. The effect of gravitation is taken into account. Boussinesq's and boundary layer fittings allow to derive boundary value problems for self‐similar systems of ordinary differential equations. First Published Online: 14 Oct 2010

PhysicsSurface (mathematics)Mathematical analysisGlass fiber-Chemical reactionGravitationBoundary layerModeling and SimulationOrdinary differential equationQA1-939Surface chemicalBoundary value problemAnalysisMathematicsMathematical Modelling and Analysis
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