Search results for "Reaction"

showing 10 items of 6134 documents

Molecular Epidemiological Survey ofCitrobacter freundiiMisidentified asCronobacterspp. (Enterobacter sakazakii) andEnterobacter hormaecheiIsolated fr…

2011

A total of 75 powdered infant milk formula (PIF) samples collected from pharmacies and drugstores in Western Sicily, Italy, and representative of 12 different brands were analyzed in this study to evaluate their microbiological quality. According to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration protocol, 32 samples out of 75 were contaminated by enterobacteria. Commercial biochemical API(r) 20E-system identification method indicated that six PIF samples were presumptively contaminated by Cronobacter spp., but further characterization by alpha-glucosidase based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay identification strongly suggested that these strains did not belong to the genus Cronobacter. Phylogen…

Settore MED/07 - Microbiologia E Microbiologia ClinicaEnterobacterMicrobial Sensitivity TestsSettore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E ApplicataApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyMicrobiologyMicrobiologylaw.inventionBacterial ProteinsCronobacter sakazakiiSpecies SpecificitylawRNA Ribosomal 16SDrug Resistance BacterialHumansFood microbiologyTypingCronobacterPhylogenyPolymerase chain reactionFood FormulatedbiologyInfantReproducibility of Resultsalpha-GlucosidasesEnterobacterFood Inspection16S ribosomal RNAbiology.organism_classificationInfant FormulaAnti-Bacterial AgentsBacterial Typing TechniquesCitrobacter freundiiCitrobacter freundii Enterobacter hormaechei powdered infant milk formulaCitrobacter freundiiRNA BacterialItalyFood MicrobiologyAnimal Science and ZoologyPowdersEnterobacter cloacaeFood ScienceFoodborne Pathogens and Disease
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Genotyping of GII.4 and GIIb norovirus RT-PCR amplicons by RFLP analysis

2007

GII.4 and GIIb/Hilversum norovirus (NoV) strains appear to have a prominent epidemiological role in outbreaks or sporadic cases of human gastroenteritis. Sequence analysis, although laborious, is the reference method used for characterization of noroviruses. In this study a screening test is proposed to characterize GIIb and GII.4 NoVs based on restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of amplicons obtained from the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) region. Virtual analysis of 793 RdRp sequences of GGI and GGII NoVs, retrieved from GenBank, and representative of global geographical origins on a long-time period, permitted the selection of four restriction enzymes, XmnI, Ahd…

Settore MED/07 - Microbiologia E Microbiologia ClinicaGenotypeSequence analysisvirusesBiologymedicine.disease_causeVirologyGenotypemedicineHumansTypingGenotypingCaliciviridae InfectionsGeneticsReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionNorovirusvirus diseasesInfantVirologyGastroenteritisRestriction enzymeGIIb/Hilversum strain GII.4 genotype Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)GenBankChild PreschoolNorovirusRNA ViralRestriction fragment length polymorphismPolymorphism Restriction Fragment Length
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Single tube real time PCR for detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydophila pneumoniae and Legionella pneumophila from …

2012

We designed a multiplex real time PCR for rapid, sensitive and specific detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Legionella pneumophila, Chlamydophila pneumoniae and Mycoplasma pneumoniae. The study cases consisted of 129 patients with community acquired pneumonia (CAP). Bacteriological techniques were implemented for detection of the cultivable organisms. DNA were extracted from sputa, throat swabs, bronchoalveolar lavages and tracheal aspirates and used as templates in real time PCR. The primers and probes were designed for cbpA (S. pneumoniae), p1adhesin (M. pneumoniae), mip (L. pneumophila) and ompA (C. pneumoniae). After optimization of real time PCR for every organism, the experiments w…

Settore MED/07 - Microbiologia E Microbiologia ClinicaMycoplasma pneumoniaemedicine.disease_causeReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionLegionella pneumophilaSensitivity and SpecificityMicrobiologyLegionella pneumophilaCommunity-acquired pneumoniacommunity acquired pneumonia CAP real time PCR Streptococcus pneumonia Legionella pneumophila Chlamydophila pneumonia Mycoplasma pneumoniaeStreptococcus pneumoniaeMultiplex polymerase chain reactionmedicinePneumonia BacterialHumansMultiplexGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologybiologyBacteriaGeneral MedicineChlamydophila pneumoniaebiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaseVirologyrespiratory tract diseasesMycoplasma pneumoniaeCommunity-Acquired InfectionsReal-time polymerase chain reactionStreptococcus pneumoniaeChlamydophila pneumoniaeMultiplex Polymerase Chain ReactionActa microbiologica et immunologica Hungarica
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Detection of the norovirus variants GGII.4 hunter and GGIIb/hilversum in Italian children with gastroenteritis.

2006

Noroviruses (NoVs) are important enteric pathogens of humans. Although they exhibit an impressive genetic diversity, few NoV strains appear to predominate worldwide. Limited epidemiological data are available on NoV gastroenteritis in Italy. In this study, we assessed the prevalence of human NoV in Italian children with gastroenteritis by using a reverse-transcription nested polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay specific for the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) on faecal samples collected throughout the 2004 surveillance activity in Palermo, Italy. NoVs were detected in 47% of the stool samples obtained from children <5 years age, admitted to hospital with acute non-bacterial gastroen…

Settore MED/07 - Microbiologia E Microbiologia ClinicaSettore MED/17 - Malattie InfettiveBiologymedicine.disease_causeVirusEnteritisFecesVirologyGenotypemedicineHumansTypingGenotypingPhylogenyCaliciviridae InfectionsMolecular EpidemiologyMolecular epidemiologyReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionNorovirusGenetic VariationInfantSequence Analysis DNANorovirus gastroenteritismedicine.diseaseRNA-Dependent RNA PolymeraseVirologyGastroenteritisInfectious DiseasesItalyNorovirusRNA ViralNested polymerase chain reactionJournal of medical virology
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Liver and Statins: A Critical Appraisal of the Evidence.

2019

Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) represent an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Statins are a class of drugs whose main adverse effects are drug-induced liver injury (DILI) and myopathy. Some of these may be predictable, due to their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, while others, unfortunately, are idiosyncratic. Genetic factors may also influence patient susceptibility to DILI and myopathy in the case of statins. This review will first discuss the role of statins in cardiovascular disease treatment and prevention and the underlying mechanisms of action. Furthermore, to explore the susceptibility of statin-induced adverse events such as myopathy and hepatoto…

Settore MED/09 - Medicina InternaOrganic Anion TransportersGenome-wide association studyBioinformaticsBiochemistryCytochrome P-450 Enzyme SystemHLA AntigensDrug DiscoveryMetSmedicineHumansGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseDrug reactionMyopathyAdverse effectDisease treatmentPharmacologybusiness.industryOrganic ChemistryStatinmedicine.diseaseHepatitis CHCV.Critical appraisalSingle Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs)Cardiovascular DiseasesPharmacodynamicsliver damageMolecular MedicineATP-Binding Cassette TransportersMetabolic syndromemedicine.symptomChemical and Drug Induced Liver InjuryHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitorsbusinessgenetic susceptibilityCurrent medicinal chemistry
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MICROANASTOMOSI ARTERIOSE CON POLYGLACTIN 910 IN RATTI IN ACCRESCIMENTO

1983

A preliminary issue on effective results of polyglactin 910 as microvascular anastomosis is reported. Tissue reaction to suture material seems to be minor than to prolene or other not absorbible material

Settore MED/20 - Chirurgia Pediatrica E Infantileexperimental microvascular anastomosis polyglactin 910 growing rats tissue reaction.
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Application of DNA techniques for identification using human dental pulp as a source of DNA

1992

Dental pulp tissue could be obtained in most cases from materials obtained under experimental conditions and from forensic casework (air accidents, burned and putrefied bodies). Teeth extracted during dental treatment (n = 30) were stored for 6 weeks and 4 years at room temperature. In addition teeth (n = 10) extracted from jaw fragments that had been stored for 15 years at room temperature, and teeth extracted post mortem from actual identification cases (n = 8) were investigated. Following extraction from dental pulp tissue the DNA concentration was measured by fluorometry. The amount of DNA obtained from the dental pulp tissue of a single tooth varied from 6 micrograms to 50 micrograms D…

Sex Determination AnalysisImmunoblottingDot blotBiologyPolymerase Chain ReactionPathology and Forensic Medicinechemistry.chemical_compoundstomatognathic systemHumansFluorometryDental PulpSouthern blotHistocompatibility TestingDna concentrationSingle toothDNA FingerprintingMolecular biologyBlotBlotting Southernstomatognathic diseaseschemistryEvaluation Studies as TopicDegraded dnaHigh molecular weight dnaDNAForensic DentistryInternational Journal of Legal Medicine
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Diagnostic polymorphisms in the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene allow discrimination between cattle, sheep, goat, roe buck and deer by PCR-RFLP

2004

Abstract Background As an alternative to direct DNA sequencing of PCR products, random PCR-RFLP is an efficient technique to discriminate between species. The PCR-RFLP-method is an inexpensive tool in forensic science, even if the template is degraded or contains only traces of DNA from various species. Results Interspecies-specific DNA sequence polymorphisms in the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene were analyzed using PCR-RFLP technology to determine the source (i.e., species) of blood traces obtained from a leaf. Conclusions The method presented can be used for the discrimination of cattle (Bos taurus), sheep (Ovis aries), goat (Capra hircus), roe buck (Capreolus capreolus) and red deer (Ce…

Sex Determination AnalysisPolymorphism GeneticSheeplcsh:QH426-470Methodology ArticleDeerGoats590RuminantsCytochromes bDNA MitochondrialPolymerase Chain ReactionMitochondriaMitochondrial Proteinslcsh:GeneticsMolecular Diagnostic TechniquesSpecies SpecificityAnimalsCattlePolymorphism Restriction Fragment LengthBMC Genetics
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Serological and virological evidence of non-sexual transmission of human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV8).

2000

To evaluate whether or not human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) can be transmitted through a non-sexual route a serological survey was carried out in a group of 51 catholic nuns. The seroprevalence rate and the geometrical mean antibody titre to anti-latent HHV8 antigen were similar in nuns and in a group of 60 women, matched by age, in the general population (27 vs. 24%; 1028 vs. 1575, respectively). Moreover, by using nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR), HHV8 DNA sequences were detected in 7 of 16 (43·8%) saliva and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from patients with classical Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) and in 3 out of 7 (42%) AIDS-KS patients. None of 5 HIV positive persons who did not have…

Sexually transmitted diseaseAdultSalivaSexual transmissionEpidemiologyPopulationBiologyPolymerase Chain Reactionlaw.inventionSerologylawSeroepidemiologic StudiesDisease Transmission InfectiousSeroprevalenceHumanseducationSalivaPolymerase chain reactionAgedAged 80 and overeducation.field_of_studyvirus diseasesHerpesviridae InfectionsMiddle AgedVirologyInfectious DiseasesImmunologyDNA ViralHerpesvirus 8 HumanFemaleNested polymerase chain reactionResearch Article
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Low rate of oral human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in women screened for cervical HPV infection in Southern Italy: A cross-sectional study of 140 …

2009

Even though the natural history of cervical and oral human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been investigated intensely, the possibility that HPV may infect both sites in the same subject is not well documented. This study investigated the frequency of concurrent oral and cervical HPV infection in southern Italian women, in the light of some selected socio-behavioral variables. One hundred forty women (mean age: 36 years), with known cervical HPV status, were analyzed for oral HPV. Age, smoking/drinking habits, clinical and socio-behavioral history were assessed by personal interviews. Oral mucosal cells were collected by oral brushing and HPV DNA was sought by the use of nested PCR ampli…

Sexually transmitted diseasecervical mucosaAdultsexually transmitted infection (STI)Cross-sectional studyConcordancePopulationCervix UteriPolymerase Chain ReactionYoung AdultRisk FactorsVirologyMedicineHumansYoung adultPapillomaviridaeeducationCervixPapillomaviridaeeducation.field_of_studyMouthbiologyoral mucosabusiness.industryPapillomavirus InfectionsHPV infectionSequence Analysis DNAMiddle Agedbiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaseVirologySettore MED/40 - Ginecologia E OstetriciaInfectious Diseasesmedicine.anatomical_structureCross-Sectional StudiesItalyDNA ViralHPV infectionFemaleoral–genital infectionbusinessJournal of medical virology
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