Search results for "Reading"
showing 10 items of 1521 documents
Removing ocular artifacts from magnetoencephalographic data on naturalistic reading of continuous texts
2022
Naturalistic reading paradigms and stimuli consisting of long continuous texts are essential for characterizing the cortical basis of reading. Due to the highly dynamic nature of the reading process, electrophysiological brain imaging methods with high spatial and temporal resolution, such as magnetoencephalography (MEG), are ideal for tracking them. However, as electrophysiological recordings are sensitive to electromagnetic artifacts, data recorded during naturalistic reading is confounded by ocular artifacts. In this study, we evaluate two different pipelines for removing ocular artifacts from MEG data collected during continuous, naturalistic reading, with the focus on saccades and blin…
Pensiero, percezione e linguaggio in W.V. Quine
2012
Notwithstanding his well known behaviorism, Quine connects language learning to the ability of understanding others by means of empathy, namely perceiving what an other is perceiving. The paper discusses and resolves the prima facie oddity between this thesis and Quine's criticism of propositional attitudes. It analyzes the notion of empathy and the cognitive mechanism underlying it. It explains also the role of empathy and of mindreading abilities in language learning and understanding others. Comparing Quine's account of mindreading to the main options in the current debate on the topic, it assess the validity of the Quinean inspired blend of rationality-based and hybrid view-based strate…
Elementary school teachers adapt their instructional support according to students' academic skills – A variable and person-oriented approach
2015
This study examined the longitudinal associations between children’s academic skills and the instructional support teachers gave individual students. A total of 253 Finnish children were tested on reading and math skills twice in the first grade and once in the second grade. The teachers of these children rated the instructional support that they gave each child in reading and mathematics. The results showed that the poorer the student’s reading and math skills were, the more support and attention the student received from his or her teacher later on. However, instructional support did not contribute positively to the subsequent development of the students’ academic skills. The person-orie…
“I started reading even though I didn’t understand much”: The significance of reading and writing fanfiction in extra-curricular language learning
2018
Kouluajan ulkopuolella tapahtuu oppimista jatkuvasti, erityisesti englannin kielen suhteen. Lingua francana toimivalta englannin kieleltä on lähes mahdoton välttyä, koska se on osa monen jokapäiväistä elämää esimerkiksi eri medioiden kautta. Suurin osa tästä oppimisesta tapahtuu alitajuisesti, eikä henkilö tee tietoista valintaa oppia altistuessaan kielelle tavalla tai toisella. Lukemisen merkitys kielen oppimisessa on laajasti tutkittu aihe (ks. esim. Krashen, 1989; Krashen and Bland, 2014). Yleinen näkemys on, että kohdekielellä lukeminen tukee kielen oppimista. Lukeminen ei kuitenkaan tyypillisesti korostu opetussuunnitelmissa muita oppimismenetelmiä enemmän. Vieraan kielen oppimisessa m…
Visual word recognition in fluent and dysfluent readers in the transparent Finnish orthography
2012
Sublexical effects on eye movements during repeated reading of words and pseudowords in Finnish
2011
The role of different orthographic units (letters, syllables, words) in reading of orthographically transparent Finnish language was studied by independently manipulating the number of letters (NoL) and syllables (NoS) in words and pseudowords and by recording eye movements during repeated reading aloud of these items. Fluent adult readers showed evidence for using larger orthographic units in (pseudo)word recoding, whereas dysfluent children seem to be stuck in a letter-based decoding strategy, as lexicality and item repetition decreased the NoL effect only among adult readers. The NoS manipulation produced weak repetition effects in both groups. However, dysfluent children showed evidence…
Early attraction in temporally controlled sight reading of music
2018
Reading in students with deafness: An eye-movement research
2020
This thesis focused on describing the online reading pattern of deaf and hard of hearing students (DHH) and the factors that affect it. Previous studies have widely reported and described the difficulties that students with DHH demonstrate during reading. However, there are still some questions in which results do not converge (e.g., Do students with DHH ignore grammatical cues during sentence reading? Do they adapt their reading according to text demands?). Therefore, these questions remain open to new procedures that can disentangle or at least contribute to the understanding of DHH students' reading problems. So far, the vast majority of the studies have approached this issue by measurin…
Wider Letter-Spacing Facilitates Word Processing but Impairs Reading Rates of Fast Readers
2020
Previous reports of improved oral reading performance for dyslexic children but not for regular readers when between-letter spacing was enlarged led to the proposal of a dyslexia-specific deficit in visual crowding. However, it is in this context also critical to understand how letter spacing affects visual word recognition and reading in unimpaired readers. Adopting an individual differences approach, the present study, accordingly, examined whether wider letter spacing improves reading performance also for non-impaired adults during silent reading and whether there is an association between letter spacing and crowding sensitivity. We report eye movement data of 24 German students who sile…
Using eye-movement modelling examples to improve critical reading of multiple webpages on a conflicting topic
2022
This project investigates the effects of an EMME intervention on undergraduates' sourcing when reading conflicting multiple texts on the Internet. Dependent variables: eye-movements on SERP, webs header, texts authors, and texts; use of source information in summaries; ideas from texts in summaries.