Search results for "Rearrangement"

showing 10 items of 298 documents

Mass spectra of halogenated esters. 7. Methyl esters of 2-chloro C2C20n-alkanoic acids

1988

The mass spectral fragmentation of a homologous series of methyl esters of 2-chloro n-alkanoic acids ranging from acetic (C2) to eicosanoic (C20) acid on electron impact has been investigated. The fragmentation pathways were elucidated with the aid of the first field-free region metastable ions, the results being presented with one compound, i.e. with ionized methyl 2-chloro-octauoate. Owing to the Cl/H exchanges and to the formation of the non-chlorinated parent esters prior to the fragmentations the spectra show the peak pairs with and without the chlorine atom. The effects become more evident with increasing chain length; shown most visually by the abundance ratios of the McLafferty rear…

McLafferty rearrangementStereochemistryBiochemistryMedicinal chemistryIonHomologous serieschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryFragmentation (mass spectrometry)IonizationMass spectrumMolecular MedicineAliphatic compoundInstrumentationSpectroscopyElectron ionizationOrganic Mass Spectrometry
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On the reaction of some 5-polyfluoroaryl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles with methylhydrazine: synthesis of fluorinated indazoles

2009

The reaction of 5-polyfluoroaryl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles with methylhydrazine has been studied and the synthesis of fluorinated N-methylindazoles has been realized. Rearrangement reactions showed predominantly formation of N(1)-methylindazole regioisomers. Starting compounds were preliminarily functionalized at the polyfluoroaryl moiety through fluorine displacement with nucleophiles (methanol, methylamine, dimethylamine), allowing the obtainment of target indazoles substituted at the C(6) position.

MethylhydrazineIndazoleMethylamineOrganic ChemistrySettore CHIM/06 - Chimica OrganicaBiochemistryMedicinal chemistryChemical synthesischemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryNucleophileDrug DiscoveryStructural isomerMoietyOrganic chemistryDimethylamine124-Oxadiazole Indazole Rearrangements Fluorinated heterocycles
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Characterization of a complex rearrangement involving chromosomes 1, 4 and 8 by fish and array-CGH

2012

Complex chromosomal rearrangements (CCRs) are structural aberrations involving more than two chromosomes with at least three breakpoints. CCRs can be divided into familial and de novo. Balanced CCR are extremely rare in humans and are at high risk of producing unbalanced gametes. Individuals with balanced CCR are usually phenotipically normal but report fertility problems, recurrent miscarriages or congenital anomalies in newborn offsprings as consequence of either meiotic failure or imbalanced chromosomes segregation.We describe the case of an unbalanced CCR involving chromosomes 1, 4 and 8 found in a girl with developmental delay, hexadactilia and microcephaly. The rearrangement, apparent…

MicrocephalyArray-CGHIntellectual disabilityChromosomal rearrangementBiologySettore MED/38 - Pediatria Generale E SpecialisticaFISHMeiosisGeneticsmedicineChromosomes HumanHumansIn Situ Hybridization FluorescenceGene RearrangementGeneticsComparative Genomic HybridizationComplex chromosomal rearrangementBreakpointInfant NewbornInfantChromosomeKaryotypeGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseHuman geneticsChromosome BandingSettore MED/03 - Genetica MedicaChromosomes Human Pair 1KaryotypingFish <Actinopterygii>FemaleChromosomes Human Pair 4Chromosomes Human Pair 8Journal of Applied Genetics
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Phylogeny of the Drosophila obscura species group deduced from mitochondrial DNA sequences

1994

Approximately 2 kb corresponding to different regions of the mtDNA of 14 different species of the obscura group of Drosophila have been sequenced. In spite of the uncertainties arising in the phylogenetic reconstruction due to a restrictive selection toward a high mtDNA A+T content, all the phylogenetic analysis carried out clearly indicate that the obscura group is formed by, at least, four well-defined lineages that would have appeared as the consequence of a rapid phyletic radiation. Two of the lineages correspond to monophyletic subgroups (i.e., affinis and pseudoobscura), whereas the obscura subgroup remains heterogeneous assemblage that could be reasonably subdivided into at least two…

Mitochondrial DNARNA Transfer LeuRNA Mitochondrialmedia_common.quotation_subjectMolecular Sequence DataBiologyDNA MitochondrialMonophylySpecies SpecificityPhylogeneticsRNA Ribosomal 16SGeneticsAnimalsDrosophila (subgenus)Phyletic gradualismMolecular BiologyPhylogenyRNA Transfer SerEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematicsmedia_commonGene RearrangementGeneticsBase CompositionBase SequencePhylogenetic treeNADH DehydrogenaseSequence Analysis DNACytochrome b Groupbiology.organism_classificationMolecular phylogeneticsRNADrosophilaDrosophila obscura
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A Molecular Electron Density Theory Study of the Competitiveness of Polar Diels–Alder and Polar Alder-ene Reactions

2018

Indexación: Scopus. Funding: Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) of the Spanish Government, project CTQ2016-78669-P (AEI/FEDER, UE) and Fondecyt (Chile) grant 1180348. Acknowledgments: This research was supported by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) of the Spanish Government, project CTQ2016-78669-P (AEI/FEDER, UE) and Fondecyt (Chile) grant 1180348. L.R.D. thanks Fondecyt for continuous support through Cooperación Internacional. M.R.-G. also thanks MINECO for a post-doctoral contract cofinanced by the European Social Fund (BES-2014-068258). The competitiveness of the BF3 Lewis acid (LA) catalyzed polar Diels–Alder (P-DA) and polar Alder-ene (P-AE) reactions …

Models MolecularDienePharmaceutical Science01 natural sciencesAnalytical ChemistryDioxanesAlder-ene reactionschemistry.chemical_compoundComputational chemistryDrug DiscoverySingle bondLewis acids and basesBoranesLewis AcidsCycloaddition ReactionChemistryStereoisomerismPrins reactionMolecular Electron Density Theory Diels-Alder reactionsChemistry (miscellaneous)ElectrophileThermodynamicsMolecular Medicinecompetitive reactionscompetitive reactions polar reactionsAllylic rearrangementElectrons010402 general chemistryArticleCatalysislcsh:QD241-441lcsh:Organic chemistryPseudocyclic selectivityFormaldehydeButadienespolar reactionsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryEne reactionDiels-Alder reactionsPrins reaction pseudocyclic selectivity010405 organic chemistryOrganic ChemistryMolecular Electron Density TheoryPolar reactionsPhenanthrenespseudocyclic selectivity0104 chemical sciencesPrins reactionQuantum TheoryCompetitive reactionsMolecules
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Molecular Rearrangement of an Aza-Scorpiand Macrocycle Induced by pH: A Computational Study †

2016

Rearrangements and their control are a hot topic in supramolecular chemistry due to the possibilities that these phenomena open in the design of synthetic receptors and molecular machines. Macrocycle aza-scorpiands constitute an interesting system that can reorganize their spatial structure depending on pH variations or the presence of metal cations. In this study, the relative stabilities of these conformations were predicted computationally by semi-empirical and density functional theory approximations, and the reorganization from closed to open conformations was simulated by using the Monte Carlo multiple minimum method Financial support by the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitiv…

Models MolecularMontecarlo Mètode deMonte Carlo method01 natural sciencessupramolecular chemistryMonte Carlo Multiple Minimumlcsh:ChemistryComputational chemistryaza-scorpiandsMolecular rearrangementpH controlled; supramolecular chemistry; synthetic receptors; aza-scorpiands; semi-empirical; Density Functional Theory; Monte Carlo Multiple Minimumlcsh:QH301-705.5semi-empiricalSpectroscopyDensity Functional TheoryDensity functionalsSpatial structureChemistryGeneral MedicineHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationMolecular machineComputer Science ApplicationsMonte Carlo methodpH controlledvisual_artsynthetic receptorsvisual_art.visual_art_mediumDensity functional theoryMonte Carlo MethodMacrocyclic CompoundsSupramolecular chemistry010402 general chemistryQuímica supramolecularCatalysisArticleInorganic ChemistryMetalQuantitative Biology::Subcellular ProcessesPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMolecular BiologyAza CompoundsFuncional de densitat Teoria del010405 organic chemistryOrganic ChemistryComputational Biology0104 chemical scienceslcsh:Biology (General)lcsh:QD1-999Synthetic ReceptorsQuantum TheorySupramolecular chemistryInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
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QM/MM calculations of kinetic isotope effects in the chorismate mutase active site.

2003

Kinetic isotope effects have been computed for the Claisen rearrangement of chorismate to prephenate in aqueous solution and in the active site of chorismate mutase from B. subtilus. These included primary 13C and 18O and secondary 3H effects for substitutions at the bond-making and bond-breaking positions. The initial structures of the putative stationary points on the potential energy surface, required for the calculations of isotope effects using the CAMVIB/CAMISO programs, have been selected from hybrid QM/MM molecular dynamical simulations using the DYNAMO program. Refinement of the reactant complex and transition-state structures has been carried out by means of AM1/CHARMM24/TIP3P cal…

Models MolecularProtein ConformationKinetic schemeBiochemistryCatalysisQM/MMIsotopesComputational chemistryKinetic isotope effectComputer SimulationPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAqueous solutionBinding SitesbiologyChemistryOrganic ChemistryActive siteClaisen rearrangementSolutionsKineticsPotential energy surfacebiology.proteinChorismate mutaseQuantum TheoryThermodynamicsGasesSoftwareBacillus subtilisChorismate MutaseOrganicbiomolecular chemistry
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Chimeric Genomes of Natural Hybrids of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces kudriavzevii

2009

11 pages, 6 figures.-- PMID: 19251887 [PubMed].-- Printed version published Apr 2009.

Molecular Sequence DataSaccharomyces cerevisiaeNatural hybridsWineSaccharomyces cerevisiaeBiologyApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologySaccharomycesGenomeGenètica molecularSaccharomycesMeiosisaCGHEvolutionary and Genomic MicrobiologyDNA FungalGeneGene RearrangementRecombination GeneticGeneticsComparative Genomic HybridizationEcologyChromosomeqRT-PCRSequence Analysis DNAbiology.organism_classificationAneuploidyDNA FingerprintingChromosome DeletionGenome FungalRestriction fragment length polymorphismSaccharomyces kudriavzeviiRecombination pointsPolymorphism Restriction Fragment LengthSaccharomyces kudriavzeviiFood ScienceBiotechnologyGenome hybridization
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Synthesis of Tetrasubstituted 4,4'-Biimidazoles

2012

Highly substituted 4,4'-biimidazoles were synthesized, in good to excellent yields, through a multicomponent imidazole ring synthesis by using imidazol-4-yl-ethane-1,2-diones as starting materials. The obtained compounds were preliminarily tested as chromogenic and fluorescent sensors for heavy metals.

Molecular StructureChemistryChromogenicOrganic ChemistryImidazolesHeavy metalsSettore CHIM/06 - Chimica Organica44'-Biimidazoles heavy metals sensors Boulton Katritzky Rearrangement imidazolyl-dione pentaphenyl-substituted 44'-2'4''-terimidazoleRing (chemistry)BiochemistryFluorescenceCombinatorial chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundOrganic chemistryImidazolePhysical and Theoretical Chemistry
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Enantioselective synthesis of fluorinated alpha-amino acids and derivatives in combination with ring-closing metathesis: intramolecular pi-stacking i…

2001

[reaction: see text]. Hydride reduction of C=N bonds stereocontrolled by intramolecular pi-stacking interactions of 1-naphthylsulfinyl and N-aryl groups, nonoxidative Pummerer rearrangement, and ring-closing metathesis are efficiently combined in a highly stereoselective entry to enantiomerically pure cyclic and acyclic fluorinated beta-amino alcohols and alpha-amino acid derivatives, respectively.

Molecular StructureChemistryHydrideStereochemistryPummerer rearrangementOrganic ChemistryStackingEnantioselective synthesisStereoisomerismFluorineMetathesisBiochemistryRing-closing metathesisIntramolecular forcePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAmino AcidsAcyclic diene metathesisOrganic letters
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