Search results for "Rectal Cancer"
showing 10 items of 978 documents
Novel insulin receptor substrate 1 and 2 variants in breast and colorectal cancer
2013
The insulin/insulin-like growth factor pathway is involved in breast and colorectal cancer (CRC) development. In the present study, we analyzed the coding region and short intron-exon borders of the insulin receptor substrate 1 and 2 (IRS‑1 and IRS‑2) genes in 12 cell lines derived from breast cancer (BC), 14 cell lines derived from CRC and 33 primary CRCs. The nucleotide variants identified in BC were 3 in IRS‑1, 1 of which (p.Arg267Cys) was novel and with a pathogenic potential as predicted by in silico analysis and 6 in IRS‑2. Twenty‑one variants in IRS‑1 and 18 in IRS‑2 were identified in the CRC samples. These included 11 novel IRS‑1 variants detected exclusively in CRCs, which include…
MHC class I antigen processing pathway defects, ras mutations and disease stage in colorectal carcinoma
2003
Colorectal tumorigenesis has been associated with the progressive acquisition of a variety of genetic alterations. These include mutations of the Ki-ras proto-oncogene in codons 12 and 13, which account for 85% of genetic changes in colorectal cancer. In murine in vitro models of oncogenic transformation, an association between ras-mediated transformation and downregulation of different components of the MHC class I antigen processing machinery (APM) has been described. In order to investigate whether this association also exists in human tumors, 10 cases of high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HIN), as well as primary tumors and autologous lymph node metastases from 42 patients with color…
Colorectal cancer-derived small extracellular vesicles induce TGFβ1-mediated epithelial to mesenchymal transition of hepatocytes
2023
Abstract Background Metastatic disease is the major cause of cancer-related deaths. Increasing evidence shows that primary tumor cells can promote metastasis by preparing the local microenvironment of distant organs, inducing the formation of the so-called “pre-metastatic niche”. In recent years, several studies have highlighted that among the tumor-derived molecular components active in pre-metastatic niche formation, small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) play a crucial role. Regarding liver metastasis, the ability of tumor-derived sEVs to affect the activities of non-parenchymal cells such as Kupffer cells and hepatic stellate cells is well described, while the effects on hepatocytes, the m…
Mast Cells Infiltrating Inflamed or Transformed Gut Alternatively Sustain Mucosal Healing or Tumor Growth.
2015
Abstract Mast cells (MC) are immune cells located next to the intestinal epithelium with regulatory function in maintaining the homeostasis of the mucosal barrier. We have investigated MC activities in colon inflammation and cancer in mice either wild-type (WT) or MC-deficient (KitW-sh) reconstituted or not with bone marrow-derived MCs. Colitis was chemically induced with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). Tumors were induced by administering azoxymethane (AOM) intraperitoneally before DSS. Following DSS withdrawal, KitW-sh mice showed reduced weight gain and impaired tissue repair compared with their WT littermates or KitW-sh mice reconstituted with bone marrow-derived MCs. MCs were localized i…
Abstract 1741: Quantitative Real-Time PCR analysis of SPARCL1 and SPARC expression in colorectal cancer tissues
2010
Abstract The SPARC family of proteins comprises 10 members, which share structural similarities in one or more protein domains. SPARC-like protein 1 (SPARCL1; also known as hevin) and SPARC are two important family members, which have been found to be involved in various tumors. The relationship between these two molecules and colorectal cancer and its liver metastasis has not yet been fully studied and understood. cDNA microarray was used to analyze the expression profiles of 22523 genes in CC531 rat colon adenocarcinoma cells. Briefly, 2 × 106 CC531 were injected into the portal vein of male Wag/Rij rats to grow in the liver. The tumor cells were then re-isolated from rat livers at differ…
PDGFRa/β expression correlates with the metastatic behavior of human colorectal cancer: A possible rationale for a molecular targeting strategy
2008
As new multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitors are emerging in the therapy of various malignancies, our aim was to define the co-expression pattern of receptor-tyrosine-kinase platelet-derived growth factor receptors alpha and beta (PDGFRalpha/beta) in human colorectal cancer. The co-expression pattern of PDGFRalpha/beta was analyzed by RT-PCR in 99 histologically confirmed human colorectal carcinomas and five colorectal cancer cell lines. In addition, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was applied for confirmation of expression and analysis of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) localisation. The colorectal cancer cell lines that were analysed revealed varying expression intensities of PDGFRalp…
The expression of HSP60 and HSP10 in large bowel carcinomas with lymph node metastase
2005
Abstract Background The involvement of Heat Shock Proteins (HSP) in cancer development and progression is a widely debated topic. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the presence and expression of HSP60 and HSP10 in a series of large bowel carcinomas and locoregional lymph nodes with and without metastases. Methods 82 Astler and Coller's stage C2 colorectal cancers, of which 48 well-differentiated and 34 poorly-differentiated, were selected along with 661 lymph nodes, including 372 with metastases and 289 with reactive hyperplasia only, from the same tumours. Primitive tumours and both metastatic and reactive lymph nodes were studied; specifically, three different compartment…
EURECCA colorectal: multidisciplinary management: European consensus conference colon & rectum.
2014
Contains fulltext : 137861.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) BACKGROUND: Care for patients with colon and rectal cancer has improved in the last 20years; however considerable variation still exists in cancer management and outcome between European countries. Large variation is also apparent between national guidelines and patterns of cancer care in Europe. Therefore, EURECCA, which is the acronym of European Registration of Cancer Care, is aiming at defining core treatment strategies and developing a European audit structure in order to improve the quality of care for all patients with colon and rectal cancer. In December 2012, the first multidisciplinary consensus conference about…
Pharmacological targeting of the novel β-catenin chromatin-associated kinase p38α in colorectal cancer stem cell tumorspheres and organoids
2021
AbstractThe prognosis of locally advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) is currently unsatisfactory. This is mainly due to drug resistance, recurrence, and subsequent metastatic dissemination, which are sustained by the cancer stem cell (CSC) population. The main driver of the CSC gene expression program is Wnt signaling, and previous reports indicate that Wnt3a can activate p38 MAPK. Besides, p38 was shown to feed into the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Here we show that patient-derived locally advanced CRC stem cells (CRC-SCs) are characterized by increased expression of p38α and are “addicted” to its kinase activity. Of note, we found that stage III CRC patients with high p38α levels display…
PO-053 The phospholipase ddhd1 as a new target in colorectal cancer therapy
2018
Introduction We have recently demonstrated that Citrus-limon derived nanovesicles are able to decrease colon cancer cell viability and that this effect is associated with the down-regulation of the intracellular phospholipase DDHD domain-containing protein 1 (DDHD1). While few studies are currently available on DDHD1 contribution in neurological disorders, information on its involvement in cancer is missing. Here we investigate the role of DDHD1 in colon cancer. Material and methods DDHD1 siRNAs and overexpression vector were transfected into colorectal cancer and normal cells to down-regulate or up-regulate DDHD1 expression. In vitro and in vivo assays were performed to investigate the fun…