Search results for "Rectal Cancer"

Shortening adjuvant chemotherapy in stage III colon cancer: are we ready for a change?

2018

Oxaliplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy for 6 months is considered the standard of care after a curative resection in patients with stage III colon cancer. The addition of oxaliplatin provides a benefit on overall survival confirmed in three randomised phase 3 trials1–3 with an long-term absolute increase ranging from 2.7% to 6%. Since oxaliplatin was incorporated into the adjuvant setting more than a decade ago, the standard in adjuvant therapy has remained unchanged because of the lack of novel agents with relevant activity in this scenario. Unfortunately, this combination can have also acute and long-term side effects that can interfere with daily life activities in potentially cured pat…

Abstract CT263: Post-surgical liquid biopsy-guided treatment of stage III and high-risk stage II colon cancer patients: The PEGASUS trial

2020

Abstract Background: Moving stage III Colon Cancer (CC) into the precision medicine space is a priority in view of the lack of molecular markers driving adjuvant treatment. Retrospective studies have demonstrated the tremendous prognostic impact of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis after curative intent surgery, and suggested that lack of conversion of ctDNA from detectable to undetectable after adjuvant chemotherapy reflects treatment failure. With these premises, we have designed the PEGASUS trial (EudraCT 2019-002074-32) to prove the feasibility of using liquid biopsy to guide the post-surgical and post-adjuvant clinical management of early colon cancer patients. Methods: PEGASUS is…

Neoadjuvant oxaliplatin (OXA), raltitrexed (TOM), 5-fluorouracil (FU) and folinic acid (FA) + radiotherapy followed by optimal surgery in locally adv…

2004

9624 Background: Preoperative chemoradiation in LARC may produce downstaging and downsizing of the tumor, increases the change of better local control and, in selected cases, sphincter sparing proc...

Isolated Lung Perfusion as an Adjuvant Treatment of Colorectal Cancer Lung Metastases: A Preclinical Study in a Pig Model

2012

BackgroundThe lung is a frequent site of colorectal cancer (CRC) metastases. After surgical resection, lung metastases recurrences have been related to the presence of micrometastases, potentially accessible to a high dose chemotherapy administered via adjuvant isolated lung perfusion (ILP). We sought to determine in vitro the most efficient drug when administered to CRC cell lines during a short exposure and in vivo its immediate and delayed tolerance when administered via ILP.MethodsFirst, efficacy of various cytotoxic molecules against a panel of human CRC cell lines was tested in vitro using cytotoxic assay after a 30-minute exposure. Then, early (operative) and delayed (1 month) tolera…

New Chemotherapeutic Strategies in Colorectal Cancer

2005

Since colorectal cancer is the second most prevalent cancer worldwide, its treatment remains a major challenge for researchers, gastroenterologists and oncologists. Despite curative resections, half of all patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer die because of their underlying disease. Integral chemotherapeutic components of standard regimens are 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), its modulation by folinic acid and irinotecan or oxaliplatin. All these drugs sequentially given have results in terms of median overall survival of more than 20 months in the palliative treatment of advanced colorectal cancer. Oral fluoropyrimidines, currently under clinical investigation, are likely to substitute continuo…

Nachweis hepatischer Mikrometastasen

2010

Colorectal cancer is one of the three most frequent malignancies in humans. Survival is mainly determined by local recurrence, lymphatic and hematogenous dissemination. Primary liver resection for metastases is possible in ~20-25% of patients with hepatic metastases and results in a 50% recurrence rate within 23 months. The five-year survival without treatment in patients with UICC stage IV is only 5%, the mean survival 6-9 months. As a result of promising developments in chemotherapy and targeted therapies in the last decade, the mean survival rate has significantly improved to over more than two years. Furthermore, the use of polychemotherapy in combination with anti-angiogenic and anti-p…

Cisplatin and 5-Fluorouracil with or Without Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibition Panitumumab for Patients with Non-Resectable, Advanced or Me…

2019

Background: Advanced unresectable esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) is treated with palliative chemotherapy of cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (CF). Targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with antibodies panitumumab (P) or cetuximab with chemotherapy enhanced overall survival (OS) in metastatic colorectal cancer or squamous cell cancer of head and neck. With prospective serum and tumour biomarkers, we tested if P added to CF (CFP) improved OS in confirmed advanced ESCC. Methods: 146 patients, not curatively resectable and not qualified for definitive radio-chemotherapy were randomised 1:1 to CF (cisplatin [100 mg/m² i.v., day 1] and 5-fluorouracil [1000 mg/m²/day i.v., days 1-4…

P-57 Effectiveness and safety of trifluridine/tipiracil in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer in clinical practice in Poland

2020

Distinct Mutational Profile of Lynch Syndrome Colorectal Cancers Diagnosed under Regular Colonoscopy Surveillance

2021

Regular colonoscopy even with short intervals does not prevent all colorectal cancers (CRC) in Lynch syndrome (LS). In the present study, we asked whether cancers detected under regular colonoscopy surveillance (incident cancers) are phenotypically different from cancers detected at first colonoscopy (prevalent cancers). We analyzed clinical, histological, immunological and mutational characteristics, including panel sequencing and high-throughput coding microsatellite (cMS) analysis, in 28 incident and 67 prevalent LS CRCs (n total = 95). Incident cancers presented with lower UICC and T stage compared to prevalent cancers (p &lt

Prognostic vs predictive molecular biomarkers in colorectal cancer: is KRAS and BRAF wild type status required for anti-EGFR therapy?

2010

An important molecular target for metastatic CRC treatment is the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Many potential biomarkers predictive of response to anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies (cetuximab and panitumumab) have been retrospectively evaluated, including EGFR activation markers and EGFR ligands activation markers. With regard to the "negative predictive factors" responsible for primary or intrinsic resistance to anti-EGFR antibodies a lot of data are now available. Among these, KRAS mutations have emerged as a major predictor of resistance to panitumumab or cetuximab in the clinical setting and several studies of patients receiving first and subsequent lines of treatment have sho…