Search results for "Regression Analysis"
showing 10 items of 807 documents
Correlation between egg-shedding and uterus development in Fasciola hepatica human and animal isolates: applied implications
2010
The emission of Fasciola hepatica eggs in faeces is usually subject to oscillations along time in animals as well as humans. Thus, looking for alternative biological markers reflecting eggs shed per gram of faeces (epg) with lower oscillations may be useful. This study analyzes the possible relationship between liver-fluke uterus area and epg. Uterus area (UA) development of adult F. hepatica obtained at different days post infection (dpi) in a Wistar rat model with isolates obtained from cattle, sheep, pigs and humans from the endemic human fascioliasis zone of the Northern Bolivian Altiplano was analyzed and compared with the number of eggs shed per gram of faeces as obtained through the …
Transforming RNA-Seq Data to Improve the Performance of Prognostic Gene Signatures
2014
Gene expression measurements have successfully been used for building prognostic signatures, i.e for identifying a short list of important genes that can predict patient outcome. Mostly microarray measurements have been considered, and there is little advice available for building multivariable risk prediction models from RNA-Seq data. We specifically consider penalized regression techniques, such as the lasso and componentwise boosting, which can simultaneously consider all measurements and provide both, multivariable regression models for prediction and automated variable selection. However, they might be affected by the typical skewness, mean-variance-dependency or extreme values of RNA-…
Women Outperform Men in Ultra-Distance Swimming - The 'Manhattan Island Marathon Swim' From 1983 to 2013
2014
Purpose:Recent studies suggested that women’s and men’s ultraswim performances may be similar for distances of ~35 km. The current study investigated both the gender difference and the age of peak ultraswim performance between 1983 and 2013 at the 46-km Manhattan Island Marathon Swim with water temperatures <20°C.Methods:Changes in race times and gender difference in 551 male and 237 female finishers were investigated using linear-, nonlinear-, and hierarchical multilevel-regression analyses.Results:The top 10 race times ever were significantly (P < .0001) lower for women (371 ± 11 min) than for men (424 ± 9 min). Race times of the annual fastest and annual 3 fastest women and men did…
Mobility Modification Alleviates Environmental Influence on Incident Mobility Difficulty among Community-Dwelling Older People: A Two-Year Follow-Up …
2016
Background Environmental barriers increase risk for mobility difficulties in old age. Mobility difficulty is preceded by a phase where people try to postpone a difficulty through mobility modification. We studied whether perceived environmental mobility barriers outdoors correlate with mobility modification and mobility difficulty, predict development of mobility difficulty over a two-year follow-up, and whether mobility modification alleviates the risk for difficulty. Methods At baseline, 848 people aged 75–90 were interviewed face-to-face. Telephone follow-up interviews were conducted one (n = 816) and two years (n = 761) later. Environmental barriers to mobility were self-reported using …
Changes in life-space mobility and quality of life among community-dwelling older people: a 2-year follow-up study
2016
Purpose Life-space mobility refers to the spatial area in which a person moves in daily life, taking into account distance, frequency and assistance needed. The aim was to examine how changes in life-space mobility are associated with changes in quality of life (QOL) over a 2-year period. Methods Community-dwelling people aged 75–90 years (n = 848) were interviewed face-to-face in their homes and followed up annually for 2 years. QOL was assessed with the short version of the World Health Organization QOL assessment (range 0–130, higher scores indicate better QOL). Life-space mobility was assessed with the Life-Space Assessment (range 0–120, higher scores indicate better life-space mobility…
Unmet care needs are common among community-dwelling older people with memory problems in Finland
2019
Aims: Ageing in place has become a policy priority. Consequently, residential care has been reduced, and more older people with multiple care needs reside at home with the help of informal care and home care services. An increasing share of these people has memory disorders. We examined the extent to which memory problems, in addition to other individual characteristics, are associated with unmet care needs among community-dwelling older people. Methods: The study employed cross-sectional survey data from community-dwelling people aged 75+ collected in 2010 and 2015, analysed using binary logistic regression analysis. The study population consisted of people who had long-term illnesses or …
MARITAL STATUS IS A PROGNOSTIC FACTOR IN AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
2017
Background and objectives Several variables have been linked to a shorter survival in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), for example, female sex, older age, site of disease onset, rapid disease progression, and a relatively short diagnostic delay. With regard to marital status, previous studies suggested that living with a partner might be associated to a longer survival and a higher likelihood to proceed to tracheostomy. Therefore, to further strengthen this hypothesis, we investigated the role of marital status as a prognostic variable in a cohort of ALS patients. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis on 501 consecutive ALS patients for which a complete disease's n…
A comparative study of factors related to carrying out physical activities of daily living (PADL) among 75-year-old men and women in two nordic local…
1997
The aim of this cross-sectional and cross-national study was to describe and compare the ability to carry out physical activities of daily living (PADL) and examine factors that might explain variation in this ability in two Nordic populations. Seven hundred and six men and women aged 75 from two populations (Glostrup, Denmark, and Jyväskylä, Finland) were interviewed and given a laboratory examination in 1989-90. The ability to carry out the PADL activities was studied by interview. Tests were given to determine depressive symptoms, cognitive capacity, and selected physical and sensory performance domains. Four different regression models (men and women in Jyväskylä and Glostrup) were used…
Physical Activity and Self-Rated Health among 55- to 89-Year-Old Dutch People
1999
The aim of this study was to examine the effects of physical activity and the possible mediating role of perceived physical self-efficacy (PPSE) on self-rated health (SRH) in the 55- to 89-year-old Dutch population. The data are based on a structured interview carried out in a random sample of 120 subjects-60 men and 60 women with the average ages of 69 and 71 years, respectively-in Sassenheim, the Netherlands, as a pilot study of the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA). The results of linear multiple regression analyses showed that physical activity was a significant predictor of self-rated health. Moreover, the results supported the role of PPSE as a mediator in the association bet…
Physical activity and sedentary time in children and adolescents with asthma: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
2021
The influence of asthma on physical activity (PA) in youth remains equivocal. This review synthesizes the evidence regarding the influence of asthma on PA and sedentary time and evaluates the role of key moderators for this relationship. In accordance with PRISMA guidelines, six electronic databases and gray literature were searched. Primary studies in English were included if they reported device-assessed PA in youth with and without asthma. Random effects meta-analyses examined the effect of asthma on PA and, separately, sedentary time. Mixed-effect meta-regression analyses were conducted using age and sex as moderators, with sub-group comparisons for study quality and asthma diagnosis cr…