Search results for "Relations"
showing 10 items of 6949 documents
Adolescence, Adulthood and Self-Perceived Halitosis: A Role of Psychological Factors
2021
(1) Background: Halitosis is a frequent condition that affects a large part of the population. It is considered a “social stigma”, as it can determine a number of psychological and relationship consequences that affect people’s lives. The purpose of this review is to examine the role of psychological factors in the condition of self-perceived halitosis in adolescent subjects and adulthood. (2) Type of studies reviewed: We conducted, by the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, systematic research of the literature on PubMed and Scholar. The key terms used were halitosis, halitosis self-perception, psychological factors, breath odor and two te…
Post-disaster mental health and psychosocial support in the areas affected by the Great East Japan Earthquake: a qualitative study
2019
Background Few studies exploring the actual practices implemented for long-term mental health and psychosocial support after a natural disaster have been published. This study aimed to reveal (1) the types of activities that were actually provided as mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) in the long-term phase after the Great East Japan Earthquake (GEJE) and (2) the problems that must be addressed to provide post-disaster MHPSS activities. Methods An open-ended questionnaire was sent to organizations in the Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures that were potentially involved in providing MHPSS to communities affected by the GEJE. The organizations were asked to describe their act…
The Outcome Questionnaire 45.2. Italian validation of an instrument for the assessment of phychological treatments
2008
SummaryAims– The Outcome Questionnaire (OQ-45.2; Lambertet al., 2004) was designed to measure important areas of functioning (symptoms, interpersonal problems and social role functioning) that are of central interest in mental health. The crosscultural validity of the OQ-45.2 in the Italian population has been examined by comparing the psychometric properties and equivalence in factor structure and normative scores of the Italian OQ with the original American version.Method– Data were collected at university (N=461), in community (N=61) and in three mental health care organisations (N=301).Results– Results showed that the psychometric properties of the Italian OQ were adequate and similar t…
Identity, Couple and Intergroup Dynamics in Intercultural Families: Implications on Life Satisfaction of Partners
2019
The current study analyzed how identity, couple, and intergroup dynamics are related to life satisfaction among 210 intercultural partners living in Italy. Three levels of analysis were considered: a micro level, taking into account the identity aspect of each partner in terms of self- or hetero-ethnic identification; a meso level, examining the passion, commitment, and intimacy of the couple sphere of the partners; a macro level investigating the discrimination that partners can perceive by the community as an effect of the relationship between dominant and minority groups. The results show that for both partners, foreign and Italian, the variables that have a predictive value on life sati…
Safety of Long-Term Oral Posaconazole Use in the Treatment of Refractory Invasive Fungal Infections
2005
Background Invasive fungal infections are found most frequently in immunosuppressed and critically ill hospitalized patients. Antifungal therapy is often required for long periods. Safety data from the clinical development program of the triazole antifungal agent, posaconazole, were analyzed. Methods A total of 428 patients with refractory invasive fungal infections (n = 362) or febrile neutropenia (n = 66) received posaconazole in 2 phase II/III open-label clinical trials. Also, 109 of these patients received posaconazole therapy for > or = 6 months. Incidences of treatment-emergent, treatment-related, and serious adverse events and abnormal laboratory parameters were recorded during these…
Catecholamine release in human skin--a microdialysis study.
2003
Dermal microdialysis might be a promising tool to investigate properties of sympathetic neurons in the skin as investigation of peripheral noradrenergic neurons in humans usually relies on highly variable vasoconstrictor reflexes or on indirect measurements like skin temperature recordings. To evaluate this technique, 21 experiments were performed in 15 healthy subjects with four intracutaneous microdialysis fibers (diameter, 200 microm; cutoff, 5 kDa) at hands or feet. After 60 min, saline perfusion tyramine at concentrations of 0.195 to 200 microg/ml was applied for 15 min followed by a 15-min saline perfusion again. Catecholamine concentrations were detected through high-performance liqu…
Desmopressin in the Treatment of Nocturia: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study
2007
Objectives: To investigate efficacy, safety, and impact on quality of sleep of desmopressin in the treatment of nocturia. Methods: Adults aged >= 18 yr with nocturia (>= 2 voids/night) received desmopressin tablets (0.1, 0.2, or 0.4 mg) during a 3-wk dose-titration period. Patients should show sufficient response during the dose-titration period (>= 20% reduction in nocturnal diuresis) and a return of nocturnal diuresis to >= 80% of baseline levels during washout. Eligible patients then entered a 3-wk double-blind treatment period and received either desmopressin or placebo. Results: 127 patients were randomised to either desmopressin (n = 61) or placebo (n = 66). Twenty (33%) desmopressin-…
Topical Antibiotic, Antifungal, and Antiseptic Solutions Decrease Ciliary Activity in Nasal Respiratory Cells
2002
This study was designed to investigate whether topical solutions, as they are used in the treatment of selected cases of rhinosinusitis, influence nasal mucociliary clearance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the following topical solutions on the ciliary beat frequency (CBF) of nasal respiratory cells: ofloxacin as an antibiotic; Betadine and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as antiseptic; and amphotericin B, itraconazole, and clotrimazole as antifungal solutions. Differences are described between effects of each of these substances and we clarify whether ciliotoxic effects are dose dependent and if they can be reduced or eliminated by diluting the concentration of the a…
Preradiation chemotherapy of children and young adults with malignant brain tumors: Results of the german pilot trial HIT'88/'89
1998
Background Preradiation chemotherapy could be beneficial in malignant brain tumors, because the blood-brain tumor-barrier is disrupted after surgery, bone marrow recovery--essential for intense chemotherapy--is still intact, and CNS toxicity and ototoxicity of active drugs are lower before irradiation of a child's brain. Patients and methods A neoadjuvant phase 2 and a single arm pilot trial were initiated to investigate the efficacy and toxicity of an intense multidrug regimen before radiotherapy in 147 patients aged between 3 and 29; 9 years with medulloblastoma (94), malignant glioma (22), ependymoma (21), and stPNET (10). They were treated with one or two cycles consisting of procarbazi…
Chemotherapy-induced neutropenia and treatment efficacy in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a pooled analysis of three randomised trials
2005
Summary Background Chemotherapy is the standard treatment for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer, and myelosuppression is a common side-effect. We aimed to assess whether haematological toxic effects could be a biological measure of drug activity and a marker of efficacy. Methods We analysed data for 1265 patients who received chemotherapy (vinorelbine, gemcitabine, gemcitabine and vinorelbine, cisplatin and vinorelbine, or cisplatin and gemcitabine) within three randomised trials. Primary landmark analyses were restricted to 436 patients who received all six planned chemotherapy cycles and who were alive 180 days after randomisation. Neutropenia was categorised on the basis of worst WHO g…