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showing 10 items of 6949 documents

Anti- Toxoplasma Activities of 24 Quinolones and Fluoroquinolones In Vitro: Prediction of Activity by Molecular Topology and Virtual Computational Te…

2000

ABSTRACT The apicoplast, a plastid-like organelle of Toxoplasma gondii , is thought to be a unique drug target for quinolones. In this study, we assessed the in vitro activity of quinolones against T. gondii and developed new quantitative structure-activity relationship models able to predict this activity. The anti- Toxoplasma activities of 24 quinolones were examined by means of linear discriminant analysis (LDA) using topological indices as structural descriptors. In parallel, in vitro 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC 50 s) were determined in tissue culture. A multilinear regression (MLR) analysis was then performed to establish a model capable of classifying quinolones by in vitro acti…

medicine.drug_classStereochemistryMolecular ConformationBiologyModels BiologicalStructure-Activity RelationshipAnti-Infective AgentsPredictive Value of TestsMoxifloxacinparasitic diseasesmedicineAnimalsStructure–activity relationshipComputer SimulationPharmacology (medical)Mechanisms of Action: Physiological EffectsAntibacterial agentPharmacology4-QuinolonesBiological activityQuinoloneGatifloxacinGrepafloxacinTrovafloxacinInfectious DiseasesRegression AnalysisToxoplasmaFluoroquinolonesmedicine.drugAntimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
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Development and biological investigations of hypoxia-sensitive prodrugs of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor crizotinib

2019

Despite the huge success of tyrosine kinase inhibitors as anticancer agents, severe side effects are a major problem. In order to overcome this drawback, the first hypoxia-activatable 2-nitroimidazole-based prodrugs of the clinically approved ALK and c-MET inhibitor crizotinib were developed. The 2-aminopyridine functionality of crizotinib (essential for target kinase binding) was considered as ideal position for prodrug derivatization. Consequently, two different prodrugs were synthesized with the nitroimidazole unit attached to crizotinib either via carbamoylation (A) or alkylation (B) of the 2-aminopyridine moiety. The successful prodrug design could be proven by docking studies and a dr…

medicine.drug_classTyrosine kinase inhibitorAntineoplastic Agents01 natural sciencesBiochemistryArticleTyrosine-kinase inhibitorStructure-Activity Relationshipchemistry.chemical_compoundDrug DevelopmentCrizotinibIn vivoDrug DiscoverymedicineHumansAnaplastic Lymphoma KinaseProdrugsHypoxiaProdrugProtein Kinase InhibitorsMolecular BiologyCells CulturedCell ProliferationNitroimidazoleDose-Response Relationship DrugMolecular StructureCrizotinib010405 organic chemistryChemistryNitroimidazoleOrganic ChemistryProto-Oncogene Proteins c-metProdrugCell Hypoxia0104 chemical sciences010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistrySettore CHIM/03 - Chimica Generale E InorganicaDocking (molecular)Cancer researchDrug Screening Assays AntitumorKinase bindingTyrosine kinasemedicine.drugBioorganic Chemistry
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EndothelinA receptor antagonist BSF-208075 causes immune modulation and neuroprotection after stroke in gerbils.

2005

Leukocytes contribute to the ischemia-reperfusion injury. Recent studies suggested endothelins could be important mediators for leukocyte activation in stroke. We tested if the endothelinA receptor antagonist BSF-208075 (ambrisentan) could reduce an ischemic lesion by modulation of leukocyte-endothelium interactions. Twenty-four gerbils underwent either a sham operation (n=6) or 15 min of bilateral carotid artery occlusion resulting in global cerebral ischemia. Ischemic animals received normal saline (n=6), 5 mg/kg BSF-208075 (n=6) or 30 mg/kg (n=6) administered intravenously at 10 min of reperfusion. Leukocytes rolling or adhering to endothelium were counted by intravital microscopy in par…

medicine.hormoneMaleAmbrisentanmedicine.drug_classEndothelin A Receptor AntagonistsIschemiaPharmacologyBrain IschemiaEndothelinsLeukocytesMedicineAnimalsImmunologic FactorsMolecular BiologyStrokeDose-Response Relationship DrugPhenylpropionatesbusiness.industryGeneral NeuroscienceEndothelinsAntagonistBrainmedicine.diseaseReceptor antagonistReceptor Endothelin APyridazinesStrokeChemotaxis LeukocyteNeuroprotective AgentsTreatment OutcomeAnesthesiaCerebrovascular CirculationReperfusion InjuryNerve DegenerationEncephalitisNeurology (clinical)businessEndothelin receptorGerbillinaeIntravital microscopyDevelopmental Biologymedicine.drugBrain research
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Comparison of the contractile effects of endothelin-1 and sarafotoxin S6b in goat isolated cerebral arteries

1992

1. The effects of endothelium-derived endothelin-1 and snake venom-derived sarafotoxin S6b, peptides with striking structural and functional similarities, were examined and compared in isolated middle cerebral arteries of goats. 2. Endothelin-1 and sarafotoxin S6b contracted cerebral arteries in a concentration-dependent manner. The potency of endothelin-1 (EC50 = 4.9 (3.9-6.2) x 10(-10) M) was about ten times higher than that of sarafotoxin S6b (EC50 = 5.5 (4.4-6.9) x 10(-9) M). The tension returned to basal values after repeated washings and contraction with endothelin-1 could be reproduced. Endothelin-1 and sarafotoxin S6b induced further contraction in arteries precontracted with prosta…

medicine.hormonemedicine.medical_specialtyContraction (grammar)IndomethacinCerebral arteriesProstacyclinViper Venomscomplex mixturesEndothelinsNicardipinechemistry.chemical_compoundInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsVasoconstrictor AgentsPharmacologyDose-Response Relationship DrugEndothelinsGoats3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid 14-dihydro-26-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)- Methyl esterCerebral ArteriesEndothelin 1EGTAEndocrinologychemistryVasoconstrictioncardiovascular systemFemaleEndothelium Vascularmedicine.symptomVasoconstrictionResearch Articlecirculatory and respiratory physiologymedicine.drugMuscle contractionBritish Journal of Pharmacology
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Surgical research and clinical routine in the new century.

2002

The German Research Foundation (DFG) has recentlydenounced the poor state of clinical research in Germany[2]. It is therefore worthwhile to contemplate the currentstate of surgical research with special focus on the futurepossibilities to combine research and clinical routine inuniversity hospitals.Current StateReading the daily newspaper one may get the impres-sion that German universities and clinical research in par-ticular are in a deep crisis, and that German professors areto be blamed for it. In medicine, additional insufficienciesof the system are obvious, with corruption cases broughtup against clinicians and conflicts of interest due to thefact that clinical professors in addition …

medicine.medical_specialtyAcademic Medical Centersbusiness.industryInstitutionalisationCorruptionPublic healthMemorandummedia_common.quotation_subjectResearchPublic relationslanguage.human_languageNewspaperGermanIncentiveClinical researchGeneral SurgeryGermanymedicinelanguageHumansSurgerybusinessmedia_commonEuropean surgical research. Europaische chirurgische Forschung. Recherches chirurgicales europeennes
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Dynamic Force Production Capacities Between Coronary Artery Disease Patients vs. Healthy Participants on a Cycle Ergometer

2020

Background: The force-velocity-power (FVP) profile is used to describe dynamic force production capacities, which is of great interest in training high performance athletes. However, FVP may serve a new additional tool for cardiac rehabilitation (CR) of coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. The aim of this study was to compare the FVP profile between two populations: CAD patients vs. healthy participants (HP). Methods: Twenty-four CAD patients (55.8 ± 7.1 y) and 24 HP (52.4 ± 14.8 y) performed two sprints of 8 s on a Monark cycle ergometer with a resistance corresponding to 0.4 N/kg × body mass for men and 0.3 N/kg × body mass for women. The theoretical maximal force (F 0) and velocity (V…

medicine.medical_specialtyAcute coronary syndromecycle sprintPhysiologyPhysical activityphysical activitykuntotestitforce-velocity-power relationship030204 cardiovascular system & hematologylcsh:Physiologyacute coronary syndromeCoronary artery disease03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePhysiology (medical)Internal medicinemedicineCycle ergometervoimantuotto (fysiologia)Exercise physiologykuntoutujatOriginal Researchexercise physiologySedentary timelcsh:QP1-981business.industrySignificant differenceliikuntafysiologiahealth030229 sport sciencesmedicine.diseasecardiac rehabilitationsydän- ja verisuonitauditCardiologykuntoutusbusinessFrontiers in Physiology
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Contribution of parental and school personnel smoking to health risk behaviours among Finnish adolescents.

2009

Abstract Background This study compared parental smoking with school personnel smoking in relation to adolescents' smoking behaviours, alcohol use, and illicit drug use. Methods A cross-sectional survey for 24,379 adolescents was linked to a survey for 1946 school employees in 136 Finnish schools in 2004-2005. Surveys included smoking prevalence reported by school staff, adolescents' reports of school staff and parental smoking, adolescents' own smoking behaviours, alcohol use, and illicit drug use. Multilevel analyses were adjusted for individual and school-level confounding factors. Results Parental smoking was associated with all health risk behaviours among both sexes (risk range 1.39 t…

medicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentCross-sectional studySubstance-Related Disordersmedicine.medical_treatmenteducationHealth BehaviorBinge drinkingIn Vitro Techniques03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRisk-TakingEnvironmental healthEpidemiologymedicineOdds RatioPrevalenceIllicit drugHumans030212 general & internal medicineParent-Child RelationsPsychiatryLife StyleFinland030505 public healthSchoolsbusiness.industryPublic healthlcsh:Public aspects of medicineData CollectionSmokingPublic Health Environmental and Occupational Healthlcsh:RA1-1270Odds ratioFacultyAlcoholismCross-Sectional StudiesAdolescent BehaviorSmoking cessationFemaleBiostatistics0305 other medical sciencebusinessResearch ArticleBMC public health
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Estradiol or genistein prevent Alzheimer's disease-associated inflammation correlating with an increase PPAR gamma expression in cultured astrocytes.

2009

Inflammation has been implicated in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). The main inflammatory players in AD are the glial cells which initiate the inflammatory response. One of the earliest neuropathological changes in AD is the accumulation of astrocytes at sites of A beta deposition. It is desirable to find methods of tipping the balance towards anti-inflammatory state. Estrogenic compounds have shown anti-inflammatory and also antioxidant activity. Astrocytes were pretreated with 17-beta estradiol or with genistein, and 48 h later treated with 5 microM amyloid beta (A beta) for 24 h. We found that A beta induces inflammatory mediators, such as cyclooxygenase 2 (…

medicine.medical_specialtyAmyloid betaInterleukin-1betaGenisteinPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptorNitric Oxide Synthase Type IIInflammationEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assaychemistry.chemical_compoundInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsDrug InteractionsMolecular BiologyProtein Kinase InhibitorsCells Culturedchemistry.chemical_classificationCerebral CortexAmyloid beta-PeptidesbiologyDose-Response Relationship DrugEstradiolTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaGeneral NeuroscienceInterleukinEstrogensGenisteinPeptide FragmentsRatsPPAR gammaEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryGene Expression RegulationCyclooxygenase 2Astrocytesbiology.proteinNeurogliaTumor necrosis factor alphaNeurology (clinical)medicine.symptomDevelopmental BiologyAstrocyteBrain research
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Effects of polymorphisms in endothelial nitric oxide synthase and folate metabolizing genes on the concentration of serum nitrate, folate, and plasma…

2015

Abstract Objectives A number of studies have explored the effects of dietary nitrate on human health. Nitrate in the blood can be recycled to nitric oxide, which is an essential mediator involved in many important biochemical mechanisms. Nitric oxide is also formed in the body from l -arginine by nitric oxide synthase. The aim of this study was to investigate whether genetic polymorphisms in endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and genes involved in folate metabolism affect the concentration of serum nitrate, serum folate, and plasma total homocysteine in healthy individuals after folic acid supplementation. Methods In a randomized double-blind, crossover study, participants were given …

medicine.medical_specialtyArginineGenotyping TechniquesNitric Oxide Synthase Type IIIEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismArgininePolymorphism Single NucleotideNitric oxidechemistry.chemical_compoundFolic AcidNitrateDouble-Blind MethodGene FrequencyEnosInternal medicinemedicineDietary CarbohydratesHumansHomocysteineNutrition and DieteticsCross-Over StudiesNitratesbiologyDose-Response Relationship DrugDecreased Concentrationbiology.organism_classificationCrossover studyDietary FatsHealthy VolunteersVitamin B 6Nitric oxide synthaseEndocrinologychemistryBiochemistryMethylenetetrahydrofolate reductaseDietary Supplementsbiology.proteinDietary ProteinsNutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.)
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Effects of l-Carnitine in Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Review of Clinical Studies

2019

Carnitine is an amino acid derivative, which plays several important roles in human physiology, in the central nervous system, and for mitochondrial metabolism, in particular. Altered carnitine metabolic routes have been associated with a subgroup of patients with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and could add to the pathophysiology associated with these disorders. We review the current evidence about the clinical effects of carnitine administration in ASD in both non-syndromic forms and ASD associated with genetic disorders. Two randomized clinical trials and one open-label prospective trial suggest that carnitine administration could be useful for treating symptoms in non-syndromic ASD. Th…

medicine.medical_specialtyAutism Spectrum DisorderCentral nervous systemPharmaceutical ScienceReviewComorbidityAnalytical Chemistrylaw.inventionlcsh:QD241-44103 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineNeurodevelopmental disorderlcsh:Organic chemistryRandomized controlled triallawCarnitineInternal medicinemental disordersDrug DiscoveryIntellectual disabilitymedicineHumansgenetic disordersGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseCarnitinePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryRandomized Controlled Trials as Topic030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesDose-Response Relationship Drugbusiness.industryOrganic Chemistryvitaminmedicine.diseaseneurodevelopmental disorderPathophysiologyClinical trialTreatment Outcomemedicine.anatomical_structureChemistry (miscellaneous)Molecular MedicineAutismnutritional supplementationbusinessmetabolism030217 neurology & neurosurgerymedicine.drugMolecules
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