Search results for "Relative risk"

showing 10 items of 303 documents

Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

2020

Background Rigorous analysis of levels and trends in exposure to leading risk factors and quantification of their effect on human health are important to identify where public health is making progress and in which cases current efforts are inadequate. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 provides a standardised and comprehensive assessment of the magnitude of risk factor exposure, relative risk, and attributable burden of disease. Methods GBD 2019 estimated attributable mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years of life lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 87 risk factors and combinations of risk factors, at the…

MaleNutritional SciencesSpecific riskContaminación del Aire Interior030204 cardiovascular system & hematologySocioeconomic Factorsystematic analysisGlobal HealthBody Mass IndexGlobal Burden of DiseaseHealth Risk BehaviorHealth Risk BehaviorsDisease studies0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsMETABOLIC RISKS030212 general & internal medicine11 Medical and Health SciencesFactores de Riesgo2. Zero hungereducation.field_of_studyPublic healthInjuriesPublic Health Global Health Social Medicine and EpidemiologyGeneral MedicineGBD; risck factors; attributable burden of disease;3142 Public health care science environmental and occupational health3. Good healthRelative riskEnvironmental healthHealthHypertension/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/good_health_and_well_beingGlobal Burden of Diseases Injuries Risk FactorsA990 Medicine and Dentistry not elsewhere classifiedFemaleLeading risk factorsGlobal Health MetricsCohort studyHumanmedicine.medical_specialtySubstance-Related DisordersPopulationUNITED-STATESRisk AssessmentDIETITC-HYBRID03 medical and health sciencesLife ExpectancyUNITED-STATES; MORTALITY; DISABILITY; POLLUTION; CLUSTERS; DIETSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingPOLLUTIONGeneral & Internal MedicineEnvironmental healthmedicineHumansGlobal Burden of Disease StudyRisk factoreducationGlobal burdenbusiness.industryPublic healthRisk FactorMORTALITYDISABILITYMalnutritionKlinisk medicinGlobal Burden of DiseasesEnvironmental Exposuremedicine.diseaseEnfermedades//purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.02.00 [https]MalnutritionFolkhälsovetenskap global hälsa socialmedicin och epidemiologiYears of potential life lostSocioeconomic FactorsRisk factorsDisease studyRelative riskHyperglycemiaITC-ISI-JOURNAL-ARTICLENAClinical MedicinebusinessCLUSTERSRA
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Risk of thyroid as a first or second primary cancer. A population-based study in Italy, 1998–2012

2021

Abstract Background The number of patients living after a cancer diagnosis is increasing, especially after thyroid cancer (TC). This study aims at evaluating both the risk of a second primary cancer (SPC) in TC patients and the risk of TC as a SPC. Methods We analyzed two population‐based cohorts of individuals with TC or other neoplasms diagnosed between 1998 and 2012, in 28 Italian areas covered by population‐based cancer registries. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) of SPC were stratified by sex, age, and time since first cancer. Results A total of 38,535 TC patients and 1,329,624 patients with other primary cancers were included. The overall SIR was 1.16 (95% CI: 1.12–1.21) for SPC i…

MaleOncologyCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtypopulation-based cancer registriesPopulationSocio-culturaleSettore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E ApplicataHistory 21st CenturyCohort StudiesRisk FactorsProstateInternal medicinepopulation‐based cancer registriesmedicinethyroid cancerHumanscancer survivorsRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingRegistriesThyroid NeoplasmsOverdiagnosiseducationThyroid cancerResearch ArticlesRC254-282cancer survivors; Italy; population-based cancer registries; relative risk; second primary cancer; thyroid cancereducation.field_of_studycancer survivors Italy population-based cancer registries relative risk second primary cancer thyroid cancerbusiness.industryIncidenceIncidence (epidemiology)ThyroidNeoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensCancerNeoplasms Second PrimaryHistory 20th Centurymedicine.diseaserelative riskmedicine.anatomical_structureOncologyItalyRelative riskFemalesecond primary cancerbusinessCancer PreventionResearch Article
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Trends in the prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis in Italy between 1991 and 2010

2012

The prevalence of asthma increased worldwide until the 1990s, but since then there has been no clear temporal pattern. The present study aimed to assess time trends in the prevalence of current asthma, asthma-like symptoms and allergic rhinitis in Italian adults from 1990 to 2010. The same screening questionnaire was administered by mail or phone to random samples of the general population (age 20-44 yrs) in Italy, in the frame of three multicentre studies: the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) (1991-1993; n=6,031); the Italian Study on Asthma in Young Adults (ISAYA) (1998-2000; n=18,873); and the Gene Environment Interactions in Respiratory Diseases (GEIRD) study (2007-2…

MalePediatricsCross-sectional study95% CI 1.19-1.59) from 1998-2000 to 2007-2010but since then there has been no clear temporal pattern. The present study aimed to assess time trends in the prevalence of current asthmaAbstract The prevalence of asthma increased worldwide until the 1990stemporal trendsSurveys and QuestionnairesEpidemiologySurveys and QuestionnaireMedicineasthma-like symptoms and allergic rhinitis in Italian adults from 1990 to 2010. The same screening questionnaire was administered by mail or phone to random samples of the general population (age 20-44 yrs) in ItalyYoung adultrespectively. The prevalence of current asthma was stable during the 1990s and increased (relative risk 1.38from 10.1% to 13.9% and from 16.8% to 25.8%education.field_of_studyAllergic rhinitis; Asthma; Epidemiology; Prevalence; Temporal trends; Wheezing;medicine.diagnostic_testSmokingthe median prevalence of current asthmaallergic rhinitis asthma epidemiology prevalence temporal trends wheezingItalyAbstract The prevalence of asthma increased worldwide until the 1990s but since then there has been no clear temporal pattern. The present study aimed to assess time trends in the prevalence of current asthma asthma-like symptoms and allergic rhinitis in Italian adults from 1990 to 2010. The same screening questionnaire was administered by mail or phone to random samples of the general population (age 20-44 yrs) in Italy in the frame of three multicentre studies: the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) (1991-1993; n=6031); the Italian Study on Asthma in Young Adults (ISAYA) (1998-2000; n=18873); and the Gene Environment Interactions in Respiratory Diseases (GEIRD) study (2007-2010; n=10494). Time trends in prevalence were estimated using Poisson regression models in the centres that repeated the survey at different points in time. From 1991 to 2010 the median prevalence of current asthma wheezing and allergic rhinitis increased from 4.1% to 6.6% from 10.1% to 13.9% and from 16.8% to 25.8% respectively. The prevalence of current asthma was stable during the 1990s and increased (relative risk 1.38 95% CI 1.19-1.59) from 1998-2000 to 2007-2010 mainly in subjects who did not report allergic rhinitis. The prevalence of allergic rhinitis has increased continuously since 1991. The asthma epidemic is not over in Italy. During the past 20 yrs asthma prevalence has increased by 38% in parallel with a similar increase in asthma-like symptoms and allergic rhinitis.mainly in subjects who did not report allergic rhinitis. The prevalence of allergic rhinitis has increased continuously since 1991. The asthma epidemic is not over in Italy. During the past 20 yrssymbolsasthma prevalence has increased by 38%FemaleepidemiologyHumanPulmonary and Respiratory MedicineAdult494). Time trends in prevalence were estimated using Poisson regression models in the centres that repeated the survey at different points in time. From 1991 to 2010in parallel with a similar increase in asthma-like symptoms and allergic rhinitismedicine.medical_specialtyRhinitis Allergic PerennialPopulationprevalencethe Italian Study on Asthma in Young Adults (ISAYA) (1998-2000Settore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato Respiratorio031)and the Gene Environment Interactions in Respiratory Diseases (GEIRD) study (2007-2010Settore MED/01 - Statistica Medicasymbols.namesakeYoung AdultAllergic rhinitiHumansRespiratory soundsPoisson regressioneducationAsthmaRespiratory SoundsCross-Sectional Studieallergic rhinitisbusiness.industrywheezingwheezing and allergic rhinitis increased from 4.1% to 6.6%Rhinitis Allergic Seasonalasthmain the frame of three multicentre studies: the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) (1991-1993medicine.disease873)Cross-Sectional Studiesn=10Relative riskTemporal trendRespiratory Soundn=6n=18business
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Incidence of severe critical events in paediatric anaesthesia (APRICOT): a prospective multicentre observational study in 261 hospitals in Europe

2017

Background Little is known about the incidence of severe critical events in children undergoing general anaesthesia in Europe. We aimed to identify the incidence, nature, and outcome of severe critical events in children undergoing anaesthesia, and the associated potential risk factors. Methods The APRICOT study was a prospective observational multicentre cohort study of children from birth to 15 years of age undergoing elective or urgent anaesthesia for diagnostic or surgical procedures. Children were eligible for inclusion during a 2-week period determined prospectively by each centre. There were 261 participating centres across 33 European countries. The primary endpoint was the occurenc…

MalePediatricsHealth StatusOPERATING-ROOMRespiratory Tract DiseasesCHILDREN0302 clinical medicineREGIONAL ANESTHESIAPostoperative Complications030202 anesthesiologyCARDIAC-ARRESTMedicineGeneral anaesthesiaProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyChildIntraoperative ComplicationsCOMPLICATIONSddc:617Incidence (epidemiology)Mortality ratemusculoskeletal neural and ocular physiologyIncidenceAge FactorsHospitalsEuropeCardiovascular DiseasesChild PreschoolRESPIRATORY ADVERSE EVENTSFemaleClinical CompetenceCohort studyPulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentmacromolecular substancesAnesthesia GeneralDrug Hypersensitivity03 medical and health sciencesMORBIDITYJournal ArticleHumansbusiness.industryInfant NewbornInfant030208 emergency & critical care medicinePerioperativenervous systemPROSPECTIVE COHORTRelative riskRISK-FACTORSObservational studyHuman medicineNervous System DiseasesbusinessSYSTEM
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Epidemiology, practice of ventilation and outcome for patients at increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications:LAS VEGAS - An observationa…

2017

BACKGROUND Limited information exists about the epidemiology and outcome of surgical patients at increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs), and how intraoperative ventilation was managed in these patients. OBJECTIVES To determine the incidence of surgical patients at increased risk of PPCs, and to compare the intraoperative ventilation management and postoperative outcomes with patients at low risk of PPCs. DESIGN This was a prospective international 1-week observational study using the ‘Assess Respiratory Risk in Surgical Patients in Catalonia risk score’ (ARISCAT score) for PPC for risk stratification. PATIENTS AND SETTING Adult patients requiring intraoperative venti…

MalePediatricsInternationalityRESPIRATORY-DISTRESS-SYNDROME0302 clinical medicinePostoperative Complications030202 anesthesiologyRisk FactorsEpidemiologyABDOMINAL-SURGERY80 and overMedicine and Health SciencesGeneral anaesthesiaAnesthesiaEND-EXPIRATORY-PRESSUREBERLIN DEFINITION030212 general & internal medicineProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyLungAged 80 and overFramingham Risk ScoreIncidence (epidemiology)RespirationMiddle AgedTreatment OutcomeArtificialFemalePRACTICE PATTERNSHumanmedicine.medical_specialtymechanical ventilation ; prospective observational study ; Intensive careAnesthesia GeneralNONCARDIOTHORACIC SURGERYNOAged; Aged 80 and over; Anesthesia General; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Intraoperative Care; Lung; Male; Middle Aged; Postoperative Complications; Prospective Studies; Respiration Disorders; Respiration Artificial; Risk Factors; Tidal Volume; Treatment Outcome; Internationality; Anesthesiology and Pain MedicineACUTE LUNG INJURY03 medical and health sciencesGENERAL-ANESTHESIAInternal medicinemedicineJournal ArticleTidal VolumeHumansMED/41 - ANESTESIOLOGIAGeneralAgedCross-Sectional StudieIntraoperative Carebusiness.industryRisk FactorRespiration DisorderRespiration DisordersRespiration ArtificialConfidence intervalPROTECTIVE MECHANICAL VENTILATIONProspective StudieAnesthesiology and Pain MedicineCross-Sectional StudiesRelative riskMAJOR NONCARDIAC SURGERYPostoperative ComplicationbusinessAbdominal surgery
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Early-Life Exposure to Outdoor Air Pollution and Respiratory Health, Ear Infections, and Eczema in Infants from the INMA Study

2013

Background: Prenatal and early-life periods may be critical windows for harmful effects of air pollution on infant health. Objectives: We studied the association of air pollution exposure during pregnancy and the first year of life with respiratory illnesses, ear infections, and eczema during the first 12–18 months of age in a Spanish birth cohort of 2,199 infants. Methods: We obtained parentally reported information on doctor-diagnosed lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) and parental reports of wheezing, eczema, and ear infections. We estimated individual exposures to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and benzene with temporally adjusted land use regression models. We used log-binomial regressi…

MalePediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyInfeccions respiratòries en els infantsHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisRespiratory Systemair pollutionEar infectionAir pollutionEczemaIn utero exposurechildren’s healthear infectionsrespiratory infectionsPregnancyInterquartile rangemedicineHumansOtitisOïda -- MalaltiesRespiratory systemPregnancyRespiratory tract infectionsbusiness.industryResearchPell -- InflamacióChildren’s healthPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthInfantRespiratory infectionsEnvironmental ExposureEnvironmental exposuremedicine.diseasein utero exposureOtitisRelative riskFemaleEar infectionsmedicine.symptombusinessEnvironmental Health Perspectives
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Gestational age and 1-year hospital admission or mortality: a nation-wide population-based study

2017

International audience; Background: Describe the 1-year hospitalization and in-hospital mortality rates, in infants born after 31 weeks ofgestational age (GA).Methods: This nation-wide population-based study used the French medico-administrative database to assess thefollowing outcomes in singleton live-born infants (32–43 weeks) without congenital anomalies (year 2011): neonatalhospitalization (day of life 1 – 28), post-neonatal hospitalization (day of life 29 – 365), and 1-year in-hospital mortalityrates. Marginal models and negative binomial regressions were used.Results: The study included 696,698 live-born babies. The neonatal hospitalization rate was 9.8%. Up to 40 weeks,the lower the…

MalePediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyPopulationGestational AgeInfant Premature Diseases[SDV.MHEP.GEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Gynecology and obstetrics03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineEarly TermRisk Factors030225 pediatricsLate pretermmedicinePérinatalitéHumansPediatrics Perinatology and Child HealthHospital MortalityMortalityHospital discharge dataeducation[ SDV.MHEP.GEO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Gynecology and obstetricseducation.field_of_study030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicinebusiness.industryMortality rateInfant NewbornGestational agePMSImedicine.diseaseConfidence interval3. Good healthPopulation based studyHospitalizationBronchiolitisRelative riskPediatrics Perinatology and Child HealthGestationFemaleFranceMorbiditybusinessInfant PrematureModerate pretermResearch Article
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Predictors of clinical events occurring during hospital stay among elderly patients admitted to medical wards in Italy.

2016

Abstract Background Clinical events occurring during hospital stay are independent predictors of prolonged hospitalization, in-hospital mortality and readmission among elderly patients admitted to medical wards. Purpose To identify predictors of intercurrent clinical events (ICE) during hospital stay among the main demographic, functional and clinical characteristics assessed at hospital admission in a multicenter sample of elderly inpatients in Italy. Methods This observational prospective cohort study was conducted in 66 internal and geriatric medicine hospital wards in 2010. It enrolled 1267 inpatients aged 65 years or older living at home before hospitalization. Multivariable Poisson re…

MalePediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtySettore MED/09 - Medicina InternaFevermedicine.medical_treatmentWater-Electrolyte ImbalanceRisk AssessmentUrinary catheterizationBody Temperature03 medical and health sciencessymbols.namesake0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsInternal MedicinemedicineOdds RatioHumans030212 general & internal medicinePoisson regressionPoisson DistributionProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyAgedGeriatricsAged 80 and overbusiness.industry030503 health policy & servicesAnemiaArrhythmias CardiacProton Pump InhibitorsOdds ratioPneumoniamedicine.diseaseComorbidityHospitalizationItalyRelative riskEmergency medicineMultivariate AnalysisUrinary Tract InfectionssymbolsElderly Intercurrent clinical events Adverse events REPOSI HospitalizationObservational studyFemale0305 other medical sciencebusinessUrinary CatheterizationImmunosuppressive AgentsEuropean journal of internal medicine
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Effect of Systematic Intensive Care Unit Triage on Long-term Mortality Among Critically Ill Elderly Patients in France

2017

Importance The high mortality rate in critically ill elderly patients has led to questioning of the beneficial effect of intensive care unit (ICU) admission and to a variable ICU use among this population. Objective To determine whether a recommendation for systematic ICU admission in critically ill elderly patients reduces 6-month mortality compared with usual practice. Design, Setting, and Participants Multicenter, cluster-randomized clinical trial of 3037 critically ill patients aged 75 years or older, free of cancer, with preserved functional status (Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living ≥4) and nutritional status (absence of cachexia) who arrived at the emergency departme…

MalePediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsCritical CareCritical IllnessHealth StatusPopulationlaw.invention03 medical and health sciencesPatient Admission0302 clinical medicineQuality of lifeRandomized controlled triallawActivities of Daily LivingOutcome Assessment Health CaremedicineHumansHospital Mortality030212 general & internal medicineCritical Care OutcomeseducationCritical Care OutcomesAgedAged 80 and over2. Zero hungereducation.field_of_studybusiness.industryMortality rate030208 emergency & critical care medicineGeneral MedicineEmergency departmentIntensive care unit3. Good healthIntensive Care UnitsRelative riskQuality of LifeFemaleFranceTriagebusinessProgram EvaluationJAMA
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Risk of febrile convulsions after MMRV vaccination in comparison to MMR or MMR+V vaccination.

2014

Abstract Background In July 2006, Priorix-Tetra™, a combined measles-mumps-rubella-varicella (MMRV) vaccine, was licensed in Germany. Since a postlicensure study had shown a more than twofold elevated risk of febrile convulsions (FC) after first dose vaccination with the combined MMRV vaccine ProQuad ® compared to separately administered MMR and V vaccines (MMR+V), the Paul-Ehrlich-Institute, the German regulatory agency for vaccine licensing and safety, requested a study investigating the risk of FC for Priorix-Tetra™. Methods We performed a matched cohort study based on claims data of more than 17 million insurees in the German Pharmacoepidemiological Research Database. All children born …

MalePediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.vaccineSeizures FebrileChickenpox VaccineCohort StudiesGermanymedicineClinical endpointHumansVaccines CombinedFebrile convulsionsMMRV vaccineGeneral VeterinaryGeneral Immunology and Microbiologybusiness.industryConfoundingVaccinationPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthInfantOdds ratioVaccinationInfectious DiseasesImmunizationRelative riskChild PreschoolMolecular MedicineFemalebusinessMeasles-Mumps-Rubella VaccineVaccine
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