Search results for "Relative risk"
showing 10 items of 303 documents
Is cancer risk of radiation workers larger than expected?
2009
Occupational exposures to ionising radiation mainly occur at low-dose rates and may accumulate effective doses of up to several hundred milligray. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the evidence of cancer risks from such low-dose-rate, moderate-dose (LDRMD) exposures. Our literature search for primary epidemiological studies on cancer incidence and mortality risks from LDRMD exposures included publications from 2002 to 2007, and an update of the UK National Registry for Radiation Workers study. For each (LDRMD) study we calculated the risk for the same types of cancer among the atomic bomb survivors with the same gender proportion and matched quantities for dose, mean age att…
Pressure ulcers’ incidence, preventive measures, and risk factors in neonatal intensive care and intermediate care units
2018
Epidemiological studies on pressure ulcers (PUs) in hospitalised infants are scarce. Spain lacks comprehensive research studies providing data on the prevalence or incidence in this population. This work was developed to determine the incidence of PUs in hospitalised infants admitted to intensive and intermediate care units, along with relevant risk factors and preventive measures. A prospective study appraising the incidence of PUs in infants was performed. The risk factors and preventive measures were evaluated using a multivariate logistic regression model. A sample of 268 infants was included. The cumulative incidence of PUs was 12.70% (95% confidence interval, CI(95%) = [8.95%‐17.28%])…
Statin Use and Knee Osteoarthritis Outcomes: A Longitudinal Cohort Study
2018
Objective: Statins have several pleiotropic effects, but the literature regarding the possible relationship between use of statins and outcomes in knee osteoarthritis (OA) is limited. The aim of this study was to investigate whether statin use is associated with a lower risk of radiographic OA (ROA), radiographic symptomatic knee OA, and pain in North American individuals. Methods: A total of 4,448 community-dwelling adults from the Osteoarthritis Initiative were followed for 4 years. Statin use (including the time from baseline and the type of statin) was defined through self-report information and confirmed by a trained interviewer. Knee OA outcomes included incident ROA, symptomatic knee…
Outcomes of a routine invasive strategy in elderly patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction from 2005 to 2014: results from the P…
2019
Background Elderly patients (≥75 years old) with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) represent a large subgroup of all cases. They are rarely included in randomized trials because of comorbidities and concerns about complications. Furthermore, invasive treatments are used less frequently in this patient group. The aim of this study was to analyze trends in invasive procedures and outcomes in elderly patients with NSTEMI from 2005 to 2014. Patients and methods We analyzed 68 978 elderly patients with NSTEMI enrolled in the prospective, nationwide Polish Registry of Acute Coronary Syndromes from 2005 to 2014. Results Elderly patients accounted for 34.9% of all patients wit…
Targeted use of intraoperative frozen-section analysis lowers the frequency of completion thyroidectomy
2021
Abstract Background The impact of intraoperative frozen section (iFS) analysis on the frequency of completion thyroidectomy for the management of thyroid carcinoma is controversial. Although specialized endocrine centres have published their respective results, there are insufficient data from primary and secondary healthcare levels. The aim of this study was to analyse the utility of iFS analysis. Methods In the Prospective Evaluation Study Thyroid Surgery (PETS) 2 study, 22 011 operations for benign and malignant thyroid disease were registered prospectively in 68 European hospitals from 1 July 2010 to 31 December 2012. Group 1 consisted of 569 patients from University Medical Centre (UMC…
Impact of Atrial Fibrillation on Postoperative Adverse Outcomes of Surgical Patients With Knee Endoprosthetic Surgery
2018
Atrial fibrillation/flutter (AF) is associated with increased mortality, thromboembolism, heart failure, and adverse perioperative outcomes. We aimed to investigate the impact of AF on adverse in-hospital outcomes of hospitalized patients who underwent knee endoprosthetic surgery (KES).The nationwide German inpatient sample of the years 2005-2015 was used for this analysis. Patients who underwent KES were identified based on the surgical and interventional procedural codes (surgery and procedure code [Operationen-und Prozedurenschlüssel] 5-822), and patients were further stratified by AF (International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems code I48). We compared patients wi…
Use of antidepressants among Finnish family caregivers : a nationwide register-based study
2021
Abstract Purpose The purpose of this study was to compare the use of antidepressants over 6 years between family caregivers providing high-intensity care and a matched control population using register-based data. Methods The study includes all individuals, who received family caregiver’s allowance in Finland in 2012 (n = 29,846 females, mean age 66 years; n = 12,410 males, mean age 71 years) and a control population matched for age, sex, and municipality of residence (n = 59,141 females; n = 24,477 males). Information on purchases of antidepressants, including the number of defined daily doses (DDD) purchased, between 2012 and 2017 was obtained from the national drugs reimbursement registe…
Leisure-time physical activity, sedentary behaviors, sleep, and cardiometabolic risk factors at baseline in the PREDIMED-PLUS intervention trial: A c…
2017
Limited data exists on the interrelationships between physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviors and sleep concerning cardiometabolic risk factors in aged adults at high cardiovascular disease risk. Our aim was to examine independent and joint associations between time spent in leisure-time PA, sedentary behaviors and sleep on the prevalence of obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D) and components of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Mediterranean individuals at high cardiovascular risk. Cross-sectional analyses were performed on baseline data from 5776 Spanish adults (aged 55-75y in men; 60-75y in women) with overweight/ obesity and MetS, from October 2013 to October 2016, in the PREDIMED-PLUS tri…
The Impact of Venous Thromboembolism In Critically Ill Patients: A Meta-Analysis of Major Clinical outcomes
2010
Abstract Abstract 3327 Background: Critically ill patients are at high risk of developing venous thromboembolism (VTE) during their stay in the intensive care unit (ICU) because of premorbid medical and surgical conditions. The clinical consequences of Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) have the potential to be serious yet are frequently unrecognized in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). In contrast to the extensive documentation on the short and long–term outcomes of patients with DVT evaluated in other clinical settings, little is known about the clinical course of this disease in the ICU setting. We hypothesized that both undetected and clinically evident VTE would affect the prognosis of critically…
Trends, risk factors and outcomes of health care associated infections within the Italian network SPIN-UTI
2013
Summary Background Implementing infection control measures in light of healthcare-associated infection (HAI) surveillance data can prevent HAIs. Surveillance has been associated with a reduction of HAI in intensive care unit (ICU) patients, though the reasons for this improvement remain unclear. Aim To evaluate changes in healthcare-associated infection (HAI) rates during three surveys of the Italian Nosocomial Infections Surveillance in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) network (SPIN-UTI) six-year project and to explore sources of variation of indicators of HAI in the 65 participating ICUs. Methods The SPIN-UTI network adopted the European protocols for patient-based HAI surveillance. Cumulative…