Search results for "Renal function"

Decongestion discriminates risk for one-year mortality in patients with improving renal function in acute heart failure

2021

Aims Improving renal function (IRF) is paradoxically associated with worse outcomes in acute heart failure (AHF), but outcomes may differ based on response to decongestion. We explored if the relationship of IRF with mortality in hospitalized AHF patients differs based on successful decongestion.Methods and results We evaluated 760 AHF patients from AKINESIS for the relationship between IRF, change in B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), and 1-year mortality. IRF was defined as a >= 20% increase in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) relative to admission. Adequate decongestion was defined as a >= 40% decrease in last measured BNP relative to admission. IRF occurred in 22% of pat…

Renal and nonrenal clearances of ceftriaxone at the steady-state and its relation to plasma protein binding

1995

Abstract The effect of the saturable plasma protein binding of ceftriaxone on the elimination of this drug was studied under steady-state conditions in the rat. A concentration-dependent increase in the total, renal and nonrenal clearances of total drug (bound + unbound) was observed, and it was related to the increase in the ex vivo unbound fraction of ceftriaxone as the plasma concentration increased. The nonrenal clearance of the unbound ceftriaxone showed a statistically significant decrease as the plasma concentration of the unbound drug at the steady state increased, which indicates that the nonrenal elimination of the drug (mainly by biliary excretion) is a saturable process. Renal c…

Quick Recovery of Renal Alterations and Inflammatory Activation after a Marathon

2018

<b><i>Purpose:</i></b> We evaluated the incidence of acute kidney injury in a cohort of marathon participants. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We conducted a prospective observational study focused on evaluating the incidence of kidney damage after a marathon, and its evolution in the first 48 h after the marathon in 88 runners who completed the Valencia Marathon. <b><i>Results:</i></b> From the 88 participants, 42 (48.28%) presented with acute kidney injury, mainly grade 1 (95.20%). Microscopic haematuria was observed in 29 runners (33%). Levels of interleukin 6, leukocytes, and neutrophils were markedly increased at the marath…

Regional hypothermia of the kidney: surface or transarterial perfusion cooling? A functional study.

1980

Hypothermia reduces ischemic damage if prolonged occlusion of the renal artery is required during an in situ kidney operation. Hypothermia may be achieved by external cooling or by transarterial hypothermic perfusion. External cooling may lower intrarenal temperature heterogeneously. Perfusion techniques via intra-arterial catheters introduced percutaneously are associated with minimal technical difficulties. The 95 patients who underwent extensive hypothermic nephrolithotomy had differential 131iodine hippuran clearance studies preoperatively, and 2 weeks and 6 to 46 months postoperatively. Sixty-three kidneys were cooled by transarterial hypothermic perfusion and 39 were cooled with topic…

Glomerular Filtration Rate in Renal Damage

2015

Renal function is mainly represented by the glomerular filtration (GF), which is dependent on the number and function of the nephrons. Glomerular filtration declines progressively after the third decade with a progressive loss of 1 % per year. In addition to diseases producing direct damage in the glomerular structures, high blood pressure values, diabetes, and dyslipidemia are the main factors increasing the rate of GF decline over the years. Other functional parameters of the kidney such as renal plasma flow or tubular functions are not measured in daily practice in hypertension and are not related to risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Left Ventricular Remodelling Conditions Left Atrial Volume and Function In Hypertensive Patients? Evaluation in RT3D Echocardiography

2007

Elevated serum leptin concentrations in type 2 diabetic patients with microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria

1999

Leptin levels are elevated in end-stage renal disease, suggesting an impairment of renal leptin degradation. The present study aimed to determine whether leptin levels are also elevated in patients with earlier stages of renal disease, ie, microalbuminuric and macroalbuminuric nephropathy. A total of 60 subjects were assigned to two study groups. Group A contained 10 type 2 diabetics with macroalbuminuria, 10 type 2 diabetics with normoalbuminuria, and 10 healthy control subjects. Group B contained 10 type 2 diabetics with microalbuminuria, 10 type 2 diabetics with normoalbuminuria, and 10 healthy controls. The subgroups of both study groups were matched for sex and body fatness. In group A…

When kidneys and lungs suffer together

2018

A significant interaction between kidneys and lungs has been shown in physiological and pathological conditions. The two organs can both be targets of the same systemic disease (eg., some vasculitides). Moreover, loss of normal function of either of them can induce direct and indirect dysregulation of the other one. Subjects suffering from COPD may have systemic inflammation, hypoxemia, endothelial dysfunction, increased sympathetic activation and increased aortic stiffness. As well as the exposure to nicotine, all the foresaid factors can induce a microvascular damage, albuminuria, and a worsening of renal function. Renal failure in COPD can be unrecognized since elderly and frail patients…

Anti-hyperuricemic and nephroprotective effects of extracts from Chaenomeles sinensis (Thouin) Koehne in hyperuricemic mice

2018

Clinically, Chaenomeles sinensis (Thouin) Koehne (C. sinensis) has been used to treat hyperuricemia and gout. However, the exact mechanism of action is still unknown. In the present study, the ethyl acetate fraction of C. sinensis fruit extract (CSF-E) was separated. Potassium oxonate (PO)-induced hyperuricemic mice and normal mice were administered with CSF-E at 60, 120 and 180 mg kg-1, respectively for 7 days. Serum uric acid, creatinine and BUN levels, liver oxidative damage, and serum and hepatic XOD activities were primarily measured using assay kits. The evaluation of its nephroprotective effects was carried out by renal histopathological analysis. Simultaneously, renal protein levels…

Genome-wide Association Studies Identify Genetic Loci Associated with Albuminuria in Diabetes

2016

Elevated concentrations of albumin in the urine, albuminuria, are a hallmark of diabetic kidney disease and are associated with an increased risk for end-stage renal disease and cardiovascular events. To gain insight into the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying albuminuria, we conducted meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies and independent replication in up to 5,825 individuals of European ancestry with diabetes and up to 46,061 without diabetes, followed by functional studies. Known associations of variants in CUBN, encoding cubilin, with the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) were confirmed in the overall sample (P = 2.4 × 10−10). Gene-by-diabetes interactions were…