Search results for "Rennet"

showing 6 items of 6 documents

Phage Biodiversity in Artisanal Cheese Wheys Reflects the Complexity of the Fermentation Process

2017

Dairy fermentations constitute a perfect “breeding ground” for bacteriophages infecting starter cultures, particularly strains of Lactococcus lactis. In modern fermentations, these phages typically belong to one of three groups, i.e., the 936, P335, and c2 phage groups. Traditional production methods present fewer chemical and physical barriers to phage proliferation compared to modern production systems, while the starter cultures used are typically complex, variable, and undefined. In the current study, a variety of cheese whey, animal-derived rennet, and vat swab samples from artisanal cheeses produced in Sicily were analysed for the presence of lactococcal phages to assess phage div…

0301 basic medicineHot TemperaturevirusesLactococcusLactococcu030106 microbiologylcsh:QR1-502Bacteriophage; Cheese; Dairy fermentation; Infection; Lactococcus lactis; Animals; Bacteriophages; Cheese; Fermentation; Genetic Variation; Genome Bacterial; Hot Temperature; Lactococcus; Microbial Viability; Phylogeny; Sequence Analysis DNA; Sicily; Whey; Biodiversity; Infectious Diseases; VirologyInfectious Diseasebacteriophage; <i>Lactococcus lactis</i>; dairy fermentation; cheese; infectionArticlelcsh:MicrobiologyDairy fermentationMicrobiologyBacteriophageSettore AGR/17 - Zootecnica Generale E Miglioramento Genetico03 medical and health sciencesStarterCheesePhylogeneticsWheyVirologyLactococcusAnimalsBacteriophagesFood scienceLactococcus lactiBacteriophageSicilyPhylogenyGenetic diversityMicrobial ViabilitybiologyAnimalLactococcus lactisGenetic VariationSequence Analysis DNABiodiversitybiology.organism_classificationLactococcus lactisInfectious DiseasesFermentationFermentationRennetInfectionGenome BacterialSettore AGR/16 - Microbiologia AgrariaViruses
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Evaluation of antimicrobial resistance and virulence of enterococci from equipment surfaces, raw materials and traditional cheeses

2016

Forty enterococci isolated along the production chains of three traditional cheeses (PDO Pecorino Siciliano, PDO Vastedda della Valle del Belìce, and Caciocavallo Palermitano) made in Sicily (southern Italy) were studied for the assessment of their antibiotic resistance and virulence by a combined phenotypic/genotypic approach. A total of 31 Enterococcus displayed resistance to at least one or more of the antimicrobials tested. The strains exhibited high percentages of resistance to erythromycin (52.5%), ciprofloxacin (35.0%), quinupristin–dalfopristin (20.0%), tetracycline (17.5%), and high-level streptomycin (5.0%). The presence of tet(M), cat(pC221), and aadE genes for resistance to tetr…

0301 basic medicineTetracyclineFood HandlingVirulence Factors030106 microbiologyVirulenceMicrobial Sensitivity TestsAntimicrobial resistanceMicrobiologyMicrobiology03 medical and health sciencesAntibiotic resistanceBacterial ProteinsCheeseDrug Resistance BacterialmedicineAnimal rennetAnimal rennet Antimicrobial resistance Enterococcus Raw milk Traditional cheese Virulence Wooden vatAnimalsHumansGram-Positive Bacterial InfectionsbiologyVirulenceRaw milkTraditional cheeseAnimal rennet Antimicrobial resistance Enterococcus Raw milk Traditional cheese Virulence Wooden vatGeneral MedicineRaw milkbiochemical phenomena metabolism and nutritionbiology.organism_classificationAntimicrobialWooden vatAnti-Bacterial AgentsErythromycinCiprofloxacin030104 developmental biologyMilkEnterococcusEquipment and SuppliesItalyStreptomycinEquipment ContaminationCattleEnterococcusFood Sciencemedicine.drugSettore AGR/16 - Microbiologia Agraria
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The Production of Industrial Cow’s Milk Curds

2016

By the historical viewpoint, cheeses are the final product of a complex work starting from milk. This liquid substance has to be coagulated: as a result, a heterogeneous matter—curd—is precipitated from the original milk. The rough composition of this intermediate influences the chemical composition of the final cheese. For these reasons, the production of industrial curds should be studied with attention. Different systems are available at present, but the mail process concerns always the coagulation of the original milk and the production of readily available curds for immediate or subsequent use (near the same cheesemaker or in different locations).This chapter discusses the normal produ…

CaseinFinal productfood and beveragesProduction (economics)RennetPulp and paper industryMathematics
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Il caglio in pasta utilizzato per la produzione di formaggi tradizionali siciliani: indagine microbiologica

2014

Settore AGR/19 - Zootecnica Specialetraditional sicilian cheeses microbial investigationrennet paste
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Animal rennets as sources of dairy lactic acid bacteria

2014

ABSTRACT The microbial composition of artisan and industrial animal rennet pastes was studied by using both culture-dependent and -independent approaches. Pyrosequencing targeting the 16S rRNA gene allowed to identify 361 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) to the genus/species level. Among lactic acid bacteria (LAB), Streptococcus thermophilus and some lactobacilli, mainly Lactobacillus crispatus and Lactobacillus reuteri , were the most abundant species, with differences among the samples. Twelve groups of microorganisms were targeted by viable plate counts revealing a dominance of mesophilic cocci. All rennets were able to acidify ultrahigh-temperature-processed (UHT) milk as shown by pH …

Streptococcus thermophilusColony CountColony Count MicrobialApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyAcidification; Animal rennet pastes; Autolysis; Lactic acid bacteria; Microbial ecology; PyrosequencingMicrobial ecologyMicrobialCheeseRNA Ribosomal 16SLactobacillusEnterococcus casseliflavusLactic acid bacteriaCluster AnalysisPhylogenyEcologybiologyLactobacillus crispatusBacterialAnimal rennet pastefood and beveragesPyrosequencingHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationAutolysiBiotaAnimals; Cluster Analysis; Colony Count Microbial; DNA Bacterial; DNA Ribosomal; Enterococcus; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Lactobacillus; Microbial Viability; Milk; Molecular Sequence Data; Phylogeny; RNA Ribosomal 16S; Sequence Analysis DNA; Biota; ChymosinMilkSequence AnalysisChymosinBiotechnologyDNA Bacterial16SMolecular Sequence DataDNA RibosomalEnterococcus faecalisMicrobiologyAcidificationAnimalsRibosomalMicrobial ViabilitySequence Analysis DNADNAbiology.organism_classificationLactobacillus reuteriLactobacillusEnterococcusFood MicrobiologyRNAMetagenomicsEnterococcusFood ScienceEnterococcus faeciumSettore AGR/16 - Microbiologia Agraria
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UTILIZZO DEL LATTODINAMOGRAFO PER LA VALUTAZIONE DELL’ATTIVITA’ COAGULANTE DI CAGLI IN PASTA ARTIGIANALI.

2013

The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of Formagraph to determine the milk clotting activity of animal Sicilian rennet pastes. Clotting time (r), curd firming time (k20) and curd firmness (a30) were measured during coagulation tests carried out with pasteurized cows’ milk. The rennet paste samples were collected in 11 dairy factories located throughout western Sicily. The factories produce two different pasta-filata cheese typologies, Caciocavallo Palermitano and PDO Vastedda della valle del Belìce, made with cows raw milk and ewe raw milk, respectively. Commercial liquid calf rennet Naturen and two industrial rennet pastes prepared from kid and lamb abomasums were used for compariso…

traditional cheeseSettore AGR/18 - Nutrizione E Alimentazione Animaleclotting activity rennet paste
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