Search results for "Replica"
showing 10 items of 576 documents
Numerical analysis of density gradient centrifugation profiles from eukaryotic DNA
1990
A numerical method for the deconvolution of superimposed Gaussian distributions with a unique solution has been proposed by Medgyessy [10]. We have tested the usefulness of this method for the analysis of density gradient centrifugation profiles from eukaryotic DNA, which are normally composed from overlapping Gaussian distributed profiles of several subcomponents with different mean buoyant densities. From the analysis of human DNA and from model calculations we conclude that major subcomponents can be identified by this method, if they differ in their buoyant density by approximatly 0.005 g/ml. Minor components can only be identified if the total DNA has been fractionated according to buo…
Intracerebral Borna Disease Virus Infection of Bank Voles Leading to Peripheral Spread and Reverse Transcription of Viral RNA
2011
Bornaviruses, which chronically infect many species, can cause severe neurological diseases in some animal species; their association with human neuropsychiatric disorders is, however, debatable. The epidemiology of Borna disease virus (BDV), as for other members of the family Bornaviridae, is largely unknown, although evidence exists for a reservoir in small mammals, for example bank voles (Myodes glareolus). In addition to the current exogenous infections and despite the fact that bornaviruses have an RNA genome, bornavirus sequences integrated into the genomes of several vertebrates millions of years ago. Our hypothesis is that the bank vole, a common wild rodent species in traditional B…
Heterogeneity in the Response of Different Subtypes of Drosophila melanogaster Midgut Cells to Viral Infections
2021
This article belongs to the Section Viral Immunology, Vaccines, and Antivirals.
Pathway network inference from gene expression data
2014
[EN] Background: The development of high-throughput omics technologies enabled genome-wide measurements of the activity of cellular elements and provides the analytical resources for the progress of the Systems Biology discipline. Analysis and interpretation of gene expression data has evolved from the gene to the pathway and interaction level, i.e. from the detection of differentially expressed genes, to the establishment of gene interaction networks and the identification of enriched functional categories. Still, the understanding of biological systems requires a further level of analysis that addresses the characterization of the interaction between functional modules. Results: We presen…
Slow Infection due to Lowering the Amount of Intact versus Empty Particles Is a Characteristic Feature of Coxsackievirus B5 Dictated by the Structura…
2019
Enterovirus B species typically cause a rapid cytolytic infection leading to efficient release of progeny viruses. However, they are also capable of persistent infections in tissues, which are suggested to contribute to severe chronic states such as myocardial inflammation and type 1 diabetes. In order to understand the factors contributing to differential infection strategies, we constructed a chimera by combining the capsid proteins from fast-cytolysis-causing echovirus 1 (EV1) with nonstructural proteins from coxsackievirus B5 (CVB5), which shows persistent infection in RD cells. The results showed that the chimera behaved similarly to parental EV1, leading to efficient cytolysis in both…
Early entry events in Echovirus 30 infection
2020
Echovirus 30 (E30), a member of the enterovirus B species, is a major cause of viral meningitis, targeting children and adults alike. While it is a frequently isolated enterovirus and the cause of several outbreaks all over the world, surprisingly little is known regarding its entry and replication strategy within cells. In this study, we used E30 strain Bastianni (E30B) generated from an infectious cDNA clone in order to study early entry events during infection in human RD cells. E30B required the newly discovered Fc echovirus receptor (FcRn) for successful infection, but not the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) or decay-accelerating factor (DAF), although an interaction with …
Increasing growth temperature alters the within-host competition of viral strains and influences virus genetic variation
2020
AbstractThe emergence of viral diseases in plant crops hamper the sustainability of food production, and this may be boosted by global warming. Concurrently, mixed viral infections are becoming common in plants, of which epidemiology are unpredictable due to within-host virus-virus interactions. However, the extent in which the combined effect of variations in the abiotic components of the plant ecological niche (e.g., temperature) and the prevalence of mixed infections (i.e., within-host interactions among viruses) affect the evolutionary dynamics of viral populations is not well understood. Here, we explore the interplay between ecological and evolutionary factors during viral infections,…
Bank rating migrations before and since the onset of the financial crisis
2020
This paper analyses bank rating dynamics in Europe and the United States from 2000 to 2016. In particular, two questions are addressed: (i) whether the rating agencies replicate prior changes in ra...
How does learning affect market liquidity? A simulation analysis of a double-auction financial market with portfolio traders
2007
We study the relationship between liquidity and prices in an artificial financial market where portfolio traders with limited resources interact through a continuous, electronic open book. We depart from the standard asset pricing framework in two ways. First, we assume that investors have incomplete information about the distribution of returns. Second, we model the portfolio choice problem using prospect-type preferences. We model the utility function in terms of deviations of the portfolio growth rate from a specified target growth rate, and we assume that investors are more sensitive to downside movements. We show that the parameters defining the learning process affect the price dynami…
The Home Bias in Equities and Distribution Costs
2015
We show that incorporating distribution costs into a general equilibrium model of international portfolio choice helps to explain the home bias in international equity investment. Our model is able to replicate observed investment positions for a wide range of parameter values, even if agents have an incentive to hedge labor income risk by purchasing foreign equity. This is because the existence of a retail sector affects both the correlation of domestic returns with the domestic price level and the correlation between financial and non-financial income.