Search results for "Reproductive technology"

Unpredicted ovulations and conceptions during early pregnancy: an explanatory mechanism of human superfetation

2012

In this bioessay, a literature review on human superfetation was performed in order to find epidemiological variables associated with this phenomenon. Thereafter, an explanatory mechanism of superfetation compatible with the endocrinological, histological and physiological changes undergone by women during early pregnancy is proposed. Superfetation can be defined as the ovulation, fertilisation and implantation of a second or additional embryo(s) during pregnancy. The literature review evidences a small discordance in gestational age between dizygotic twins in humans (range: 2–4 weeks; mean ± s.e.m.: 3.3 ± 0.3 weeks). This difference is compatible with a luteal out-of-phase (LOOP; i.e. atyp…

The placenta: phenotypic and epigenetic modifications induced by Assisted Reproductive Technologies throughout pregnancy

2015

International audience; Today, there is growing interest in the potential epigenetic risk related to assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Much evidence in the literature supports the hypothesis that adverse pregnancy outcomes linked to ART are associated with abnormal trophoblastic invasion. The aim of this review is to investigate the relationship between epigenetic dysregulation caused by ART and subsequent placental response. The dialogue between the endometrium and the embryo is a crucial step to achieve successful trophoblastic invasion, thus ensuring a non-complicated pregnancy and healthy offspring. However, as described in this review, ART could impair both actors involved in t…

Maternal pre- and postnatal mental health trajectories and child mental health and development

2011

Pregnancy and early motherhood involve uncertainty and change, which can evoke mental health problems. We identified maternal mental health trajectories in pre- and postnatal period, and examined their association with later child mental health and development. Finnish mothers reported psychological distress (General Health Questionnaire [GHQ-36]) and depressive (Beck Depression Inventory [BDI-13]) symptoms in pregnancy (T1; N = 788) and two months (T2; N = 657) and 12 months (T3; N = 545) postpartum. Both parents accounted their child’s mental health (Behavior Assessment System for Children [BASC]) and social (Social Skills Rating System [SSRS], Child Behavior Scale [CBS]) and cognitive d…

Effect of thyroid function on assisted reproduction outcomes in euthyroid infertile women: A single center retrospective data analysis and a systemat…

2022

BackgroundThe influence of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) on gestational outcomes have been studied and checked whether differing TSH levels are relevant on human reproduction outcomes. International guidelines recommend TSH values <2.5 mIU/L in women trying to conceive, since values above this level are related to a higher frequency of adverse reproductive outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate whether TSH values correlate with different gestational outcomes in euthyroid infertile women without autoimmune thyroid disease.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted involving 256 women who underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment. The participants were divided into tw…

Taxonomical and Functional Assessment of the Endometrial Microbiota in A Context of Recurrent Reproductive Failure: A Case Report

2019

Investigation of the microbial community in the female reproductive tract has revealed that the replacement of a community dominated by Lactobacillus with pathogenic bacteria may be associated with implantation failure or early spontaneous abortion in patients undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatment. Herein we describe taxonomically and functionally the endometrial microbiome of an infertile patient with repeated reproductive failures (involving an ectopic pregnancy and two clinical miscarriages). The microbiological follow-up is presented over 18-month in which the microbiota was evaluated in six endometrial fluid samples. The microbial profile of 16S rRNA gene sequenci…

Concentrations of ovarian proteohormones as biological markers for the outcome of assisted reproductive technology

2002

Objective: To assess whether the ovarian proteohormones inhibin A and B, pro-alpha-C and activin A could act as direct biological markers of a poorer or better response to ovulation induction or clinical conception through assisted reproductive technology (ART). Methods: Seventy-seven women who underwent ART were included in the study and were divided into two groups: (i) 46 women with sonographically documented follicular maturation; and (ii) 36 women who demonstrated inadequate follicle development. Blood samples were analyzed for inhibin A, inhibin B, pro-alpha-C, activin A and estradiol (E2) at day 3 of stimulation with recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone (rFSH) after pituitary dow…

65 ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ALDOSTERONE AND CORTISOL LEVELS DURING THE OVULATORY PERIOD IN SPANISH PUREBRED MARES

2014

Preovulatory increased aldosterone (ALD) has been described as one of the physiological events that characterise the oestrous cycle in relation to the dynamics of the renin angiotensin aldosterone system. Within the mechanisms associated with this response are the stimulating effect of oestrogen on the synthesis of angiotensinogen, haemodynamic variations of renal blood flow, changes in sodium concentration, changes in the local sympathetic activity, and the effect of cortisol (CORT). In fact, CORT via adrenocorticotropic hormone contributes primarily to preovulatory ALD, and it is the primary regulator factor synthesis ALD (Chidambaram et al. 2002; Pechère-Bertschi et al. 2002; Szmuilowic…

EP03.06: Assisted reproductive technology and the risk of preterm birth

2018

529. PROPROTEIN CONVERTASE 6 PLAYS A CRITICAL ROLE IN MODULATING THE HUMAN ENDOMETRIAL EPITHELIUM FOR RECEPTIVITY AND IMPLANTATION

2009

Successful embryo implantation is an important step in establishing pregnancy, requiring a healthy embryo and a receptive endometrium. Establishment of endometrial receptivity involves morphological and physiological changes initially in the endometrial epithelium, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. We have previously demonstrated that proprotein convertase 5/6 (PC6), a member of the proprotein convertase (PC) family, is up-regulated in the endometrium specifically at implantation in association with epithelial differentiation, in the human and monkey. PCs convert a range of precursor proteins of important functions into their bioactive forms; they are thus r…

Biomarkers in reproductive medicine: the quest for new answers.

2015

Personalized medicine in assisted reproductive technologies (ART) is still in its infancy. Precision medicine, based on objective molecular tools added, to clinical medicine is well-accepted and developed in oncology and other potent medical disciplines. The impact of personalized medicine in cancer is broad, from screening to diagnosis, with the stratification of patients into cancer subgroup categories, facilitating individualized therapies that impact treatment effectiveness and disease recurrence (Diamandis et al., 2010; Hamburg and Collins, 2010). In reproductive medicine many ‘unknown black boxes’ still exist. These will only be unraveled with the timely application of novel technolog…