Search results for "Reptation"

showing 10 items of 16 documents

Curve Extraction by Geodesics Fusion: Application to Polymer Reptation Analysis

2016

© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016. In the molecular field, researchers analyze dynamics of polymers by microscopy: several measurements such as length and curvature are performed in their studies. To achieve correct analysis they need to extract the curve representing as good as possible the observed polymer shape which is a grayscale thick curve with noise and blur. We propose, in this paper, a method to extract such a curve. A polymer chain moves in a snake-like fashion (Reptation): it can self-intersect and form several complex geometries. To efficiently extract the different geometries, we generate the curve by computing a piecewise centerline browsing the shape by ge…

0301 basic medicine[ INFO ] Computer Science [cs]GeodesicGeometry02 engineering and technologyCurvature03 medical and health sciencesGraph traversalMolecular image analysis[INFO]Computer Science [cs]Grayscale curvesMorphological operationsdistanceMathematicsMicroscopyCurve orientationMathematical analysis021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyReptation030104 developmental biologyGeodesics fusionPiecewiseShape extractionCurve sketching0210 nano-technologyShape analysis (digital geometry)
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Reptation and constraint release

1991

Abstract The reptation and constraint release models are discussed by considering three recent experimental examples: (1) the diffusion of hydrogenated polybutadiene in matrices of molecular weights raning between 1 ⩽ Mw / Me ⩽ 253; (2) the diffusion of polystyrene (PS) chains in matrices of star branched PS; (3) the diffusion of very long PS chains in chemically cross-linked PS-networks. It is concluded that the reptation and constraint release models are applicable, but ‘constraint release’ should be understood in a wider sense allowing for non-reptative removal of barriers to lateral chain motion. The analysis of the third example proves that lateral modes of motion have a negligible inf…

Condensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsConstraint (information theory)chemistry.chemical_compoundReptationPolybutadienechemistryChain (algebraic topology)Chemical physicsPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesPolystyreneDiffusion (business)Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
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Computer Simulations for Polymer Dynamics

1991

In this paper we review recent work on the dynamics of polymeric systems using computer simulation methods. For a two-dimensional polymer melt, we show that the chains segregate and the dynamics can be described very well by the Rouse model. This simulation was carried out using the bond fluctuation Monte Carlo method. For three-dimensional (3d) melts and for the study of hydrodynamic effects, we use a molecular dynamics simulation. For 3d melts our results strongly support the concept of reptation. A detailed comparison to experiment shows that we can predict the time and length scales for the onset of reptation for a variety of polymeric liquids. For a single chain, we find the expected h…

Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterPersistence lengthMean squared displacementQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesWork (thermodynamics)ReptationMolecular dynamicsMaterials scienceMonte Carlo methodStatistical physicsScalingFick's laws of diffusion
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The molecular dynamics of thermoreversible networks as studied by broadband dielectric spectroscopy

1995

Polybutadienes modified by a small number of 4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione form thermoreversible networks via hydrogen bonding between the polar stickers. The molecular dynamics of systems with different contents of polar stickers are investigated by broadband dielectric spectroscopy in the frequency regime of 10−1–109 Hz. Unmodified polybutadiene shows two relaxation processes, the α-relaxation which is correlated to the dynamic glass transition of the polybutadiene, and a β-relaxation corresponding to a local relaxation of polybutadiene segments. In the polar functionalized systems, besides these two relaxations, an additional relaxation process (called α*) is observed, which occurs…

Dielectric absorptionPolymers and PlasticsChemistryDissociation (chemistry)Dielectric spectroscopyReptationMolecular dynamicsDipoleColloid and Surface ChemistryPolybutadieneChemical physicsPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryGlass transitionColloid & Polymer Science
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Dynamics of self-healing supramolecular guanine-modified poly(n-butyl methacrylate-co-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) copolymers

2020

Abstract Self-healing is a nature-inspired characteristic that is imparted in synthetic polymeric materials through the integration of reversible supramolecular bonds following different design concepts. Generally, the dynamics of supramolecular bonds regulates timescale of the self-healing process, specifically in polymeric systems with a homogeneous morphology. Herein, we explore the utility of guanine as a hydrogen bonding group to construct supramolecular polymeric systems based on poly (n-butyl methacrylate). For this purpose, we follow a three-step reaction approach, including a living radical copolymerization, deprotection of the functional comonomer, and grafting of the guanine grou…

Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsHydrogen bondComonomerOrganic Chemistrytechnology industry and agricultureSupramolecular chemistrymacromolecular substances02 engineering and technology(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyMethacrylate01 natural sciences0104 chemical scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundReptationchemistryChemical engineeringMaterials ChemistryCopolymerProton NMR0210 nano-technologyPolymer
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Crossover from Rouse to Reptation Dynamics: A Molecular-Dynamics Simulation

1988

We present the results of an extensive molecular-dynamics simulation of a dense polymer system. We show for the first time that simulations are able to cover the whole regime from pure Rouse dynamics to reptation dynamics and give strong evidence of the latter. The mean square displacements clearly exhibit a ${t}^{\frac{1}{4}}$ power law. A mode analysis shows that the high-frequency modes follow the Rouse relaxation while those at lower frequency display reptation relaxation. Both quantities give the same entanglement length.

PhysicsQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesDynamics (mechanics)CrossoverGeneral Physics and AstronomyQuantum entanglementPower lawCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterMolecular dynamicsReptationCover (topology)Relaxation (physics)Physical chemistryStatistical physicsPhysical Review Letters
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Dynamics of Dense Polymers: A Molecular Dynamics Approach

1988

The physics of polymeric materials[1, 2] is one of the most challenging problems in condensed matter physics today. It is a problem of great interest both from a fundamental viewpoint and for their various technical applications. In addition to theortical and experimental approaches, computer simulations[3–11] have played an important role in our present understanding of polymers. For static properties Monte Carlo methods have been widely used and give excellent results for static critical exponents. To investigate dynamic properties three different methods — Monte Carlo (MC)[3–7], molecular dynamics (MD)[8, 9] and Brownian dynamics methods[10] — have been used. Detailed microscopic dynamic…

Physicschemistry.chemical_classificationPersistence lengthMolecular dynamicsReptationStar polymerchemistryMonte Carlo methodBrownian dynamicsStatistical physicsPolymerCritical exponent
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Monte Carlo simulations of polymer dynamics: Recent advances

1997

A brief review is given of applications of Monte Carlo simulations to study the dynamical properties of coarse-grained models of polymer melts, emphasizing the crossover from the Rouse model toward reptation, and the glass transition. The extent to which Monte Carlo algorithms can mimic the actual chain dynamics is critically examined, and the need for the use of coarse-grained rather than fully atomistic models for such simulations is explained. It is shown that various lattice and continuum models yield qualitatively similar results, and the behavior agrees with the findings of corresponding molecular dynamics simulations and experiments, where available. It is argued that these simulatio…

Quantitative Biology::BiomoleculesSelf-diffusionPolymers and PlasticsContinuum (measurement)ChemistryMonte Carlo methodCrossoverCondensed Matter PhysicsMolecular dynamicsReptationMaterials ChemistryDynamic Monte Carlo methodStatistical physicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMonte Carlo molecular modelingJournal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics
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The intermediate coherent scattering function of entangled polymer melts: a Monte Carlo test of des Cloizeaux' theory

1994

Using the bond fluctuation model for flexible polymer chains in a dense melt the intermediate coherent scattering function for chains containing N=200 monomers is calculated and interpreted in terms of a recent theory of des Cloizeaux. The theory yields an explicit description for the crossover from the Rouse model to the regime where reptation prevails, for the limit N→∞. While the Monte Carlo data are qualitatively compatible with this description, an accurate estimation of the tube diameter is prevented due to the onset of a diffusive decay of the scattering function, not included in the theory. For a full quantitative analysis of the Monte Carlo data (as well as of experiments on chains…

chemistry.chemical_classificationPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)ScatteringMonte Carlo methodCrossoverGeneral EngineeringPolymerFunction (mathematics)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterMonte carlo testReptationchemistryStatistical physicsLimit (mathematics)Journal de Physique II
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Structure and dynamics of amorphous polymers: computer simulations compared to experiment and theory

2004

This contribution considers recent developments in the computer modelling of amorphous polymeric materials. Progress in our capabilities to build models for the computer simulation of polymers from the detailed atomistic scale up to coarse-grained mesoscopic models, together with the ever-improving performance of computers, have led to important insights from computer simulations into the structural and dynamic properties of amorphous polymers. Structurally, chain connectivity introduces a range of length scales from that of the chemical bond to the radius of gyration of the polymer chain covering 2–4 orders of magnitude. Dynamically, this range of length scales translates into an even larg…

chemistry.chemical_classificationPhysicsQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMesoscopic physicsIntermolecular forceGeneral Physics and AstronomyObservableNanotechnologyPolymerAmorphous solidCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterReptationchemistryRadius of gyrationStatistical physicsGlass transitionReports on Progress in Physics
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