Search results for "Resistance"
showing 10 items of 3641 documents
Genomics of the grapevine - pathogen interactions Botrytis cinerea virulence factors and molecular mechanisms of induced resistance
2010
International audience
Grass Pea
2011
Grass pea (Lathyrus. sativus L.) is an annual legume crop with high protein content and remarkable resistance to extreme environmental conditions, including fl ooding, drought, salinity and low soil fertility, and a signifi cant degree of resistance to biotic stress agents. It is rightly considered one of the most promising sources of calories and protein for the vast and expanding populations of drought-prone and marginal areas of Asia and Africa and as an interesting alternative for cropping systems diversifi cation in marginal lands in Europe, Australia and America. It is a dual purpose crop with great agronomic potential as a grain and forage legume. Nevertheless, as a result of the lit…
Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) application to the detection of mutations endowing herbicide resistance
2014
The Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technologies offer tremendous possibilities for accurate detection of mutations endowing resistance. Yet, their use for this purpose has not emerged in crop protection. We aim at promoting NGS use for herbicide resistance diagnosis. In an exemplary study, we describe a simple procedure for this purpose, useable by virtually any scientist and implementing freely accessible programs for the analysis of NGS data. Three PCR amplicons encompassing seven codons of the ALS gene that are crucial for herbicide resistance were sequenced using non-quantified pools of crude DNA extracts from 40 plants in each of 28 field populations of two species of barnyard-grass:…
European Weed Research Society (EWRS) workshop "Herbicide-Resistance in Europe: challenges, opportunities and threats"
2014
To resistance mechanisms and beyond: an evolutionary approach of herbicide resistance
2014
The diversity of herbicide resistance mechanisms observed today in weed populations is the result of a very rapid evolution in response to the selection pressure exerted by herbicide applications. Herbicide resistance is a dynamic process: weed populations are undoubtedly still continuing to evolve, so that the long-term outcome of herbicide selection is currently unpredictable. The vast majority of the studies addressing herbicide resistance published to date are focussed on the identification of mechanisms endowing resistance, with the applied aim to develop resistance diagnosis methods. Understanding resistance evolution is key to set up proactive weed management strategies that should i…
Des chercheurs INRAE traquent les mutations de résistance aux herbicides à l’aide du séquençage à très haut débit. Newsletter SPE (Département INRAE …
2021
Les inhibiteurs de l’ALS en échec face à l’ambroisie à feuilles d’armoiseEn France, la résistance aux herbicides inhibiteurs de l’acétolactate-synthase (ALS) émerge chez l’ambroisie. Très utilisés car applicables sur la majorité des grandes cultures, ces produits phytosanitaires généralistes inhibent l’ALS, une enzyme clé des végétaux dans la synthèse d’acides aminés essentiels. Ils constituent la deuxième famille de désherbants la plus employée, et en paient le tribut : la résistance à cette classe d’herbicides a été identifiée dans plus de 160 espèces d’adventices, ou « mauvaises herbes ». Récemment rajoutée à cette liste, l’ambroisie à feuilles d’armoise (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) est une…
Variation in mortality among populations is higher for pymetrozine than for imidacloprid and spiromesifen in Trialeurodes vaporariorum in greenhouses…
2014
Abstract. BACKGROUND: Insecticide resistance in Trialeurodes vaporariorum W. is unknown in the species’ northern distribution range where it inhabits mainly commercial greenhouses. Resistance development in whiteflies feeding on year-round crops in greenhouses is possible due to use of chemical treatments to back up biocontrol. We tested the response levels to spiromesifen, pymetrozine and imidacloprid in whiteflies collected from seven greenhouses within a 35 km radius in Western Finland. RESULTS: All except one (PR) population had LC50 values below the recommended concentrations for the tested compounds. However, some populations showed reduced susceptibility to pymetrozine in comparison …
Antibiotiku rezistento koagulāzes negatīvo stafilokoku nozīme traumatoloģijas un ortopēdijas slimnīcā
2016
Koagulāzes negatīvie stafilokoki (KoNS) tikai nesen atzīti kā oportūni patogēni. Lai arī to virulences potenciāls ir zems, tie rada raizes jebkuram veselības aprūpes speciālistam. KoNS rezistence pret vairumu antibiotiku to nozīmi padara tikai aktuālāku. Pētījuma mērķis ir noteikt antibiotiku rezistento KoNS nozīmi traumatoloģijā un ortopēdijā un to ietekmi uz veselības aprūpes sistēmu. Šajā pētījumā 82,8% gadījumu KoNS bija multi-antibiotiku rezistenti. Pētījumā tika novērota antibiotiku rezistento KoNS ietekme gan uz pacientu hospitalizācijas laiku, gan palielinātu nepieciešamību veikt ķirurģiskās manipulāciju, kas apliecina to radīto slogu uz veselības aprūpi. Tāpat 74,7% iepriekš infekc…
Portico, peristilio e ombracolo. Forme di resistenza tra gli spazi di transizione mediterranei
2023
The direct and indirect consequences of climate change and its repercussions on man and the environment are a cherished theme in the field of architectural composition; human designed settlements have always been confronted with the changing conditions of the environmental context. Defined as a 'special watchdog', the Mediterranean Sea is de facto, the place where climate change is evolving most rapidly and where impacts will intensify in the near future. The force of the changing issues of climate change is to highlight - once again - the indissoluble relationship between man and the environment, the existence of very long-term processes, the responsibility and the impact of human human ch…