Search results for "Responses"

To approach or to avoid? : emotional picture viewing effects on reflexive responses in humans

2015

Paving the way of systems biology and precision medicine in allergic diseases: The MeDALL success story

2016

MeDALL Mechanisms of the Development of ALLergy; EU FP7-CP-IP; Project No: 261357; 20 (10) -2015 proposed an innovative approach to develop early indicators for the prediction, diagnosis, prevention and targets for therapy(.) MeDALL linked epidemiological, clinical and basic research using a stepwise, large-scale and integrative approach: precisely phenotyped children followed in 14 birth cohorts spread across Europe were combined with systems biology omics, IgE measurement using micro-arrays and environmental data(.) Multimorbidity in the same child is more common than expected by chance alone, suggesting that these diseases share causal mechanisms irrespective of IgE sensitisation(.) IgE …

Role of PRRs (TLR2 and Dectin-1) in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell differentiation: implications in protection against Candida albicans infec…

2020

Detection of infection by hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) is essential to replace myeloid cells consumed during the immune response. HSPCs express some functional pattern recognition receptors involved in the recognition of Candida albicans. In this context, our group has previously demonstrated that C. albicans yeasts induce proliferation and differentiation of HSPCs via TLR2 and Dectin-1. In the present PhD thesis, we used in vitro and ex vivo models of HSPC differentiation to investigate the functional consequences for mature myeloid cells of exposure of HSPCs to PAMPs or C. albicans yeasts. In vitro experiments show that murine HSPCs continuously exposed to TLR2 or TLR4 …

Processing of an Audiobook in the Human Brain Is Shaped by Cultural Family Background

2022

Funding Information: Funding: This work was supported by the Academy of Finland [257811, 273469, 276643, 287474, 332309]; Jane and Aatos Erkko Foundation; Emil Aaltonen Foundation; Paulo Foundation and Russian Science Foundation grant [No: 22-48-08002]. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Perception of the same narrative can vary between individuals depending on a listener’s previous experiences. We studied whether and how cultural family background may shape the processing of an audiobook in the human brain. During functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), 48 healthy volunteers from two different cultural family backgrounds listened to an audi…

The role of the hippocampal theta activity in classical eyeblink conditioning in rabbits

2009

Oxygen uptake, acid-base balance and hormonal responses in maximal 300 - 400 m running in child, adolescent and adult athletes

2013

Vilmi, Nikke (2013). Oxygen uptake, acid-base balance and hormonal responses in maximal 300 - 400 m running in child, adolescent and adult athletes. Department of Biology of Physical Activity, University of Jyväskylä, Master's thesis, Science of Sport Coaching and Fitness Testing, 55 pp. The 400 m sprint demands both aerobic and anaerobic energy systems. During the race the acid-base balance of the body is disturbed and that has effects on the oxygen uptake. The purpose of this study was to investigate the oxygen uptake and acid-base balance during and after the maximal anaerobic running test in child (300 m), adolescent (350 m) and adult (400 m) athletes. Furthermore, the aim was also to d…

To feed back or to feed forward? : Students' experiences of and responses to feedback in a Finnish EFL classroom

2017

Good feedback is a powerful element in learning. Ultimately, however, the impact feedback has on learning depends on how the learner responds to that feedback. So far, foreign or second language studies on feedback have mainly concentrated on different methods of error correction, not on students’ responses to feedback in general. This study aims to find out what students thought of the feedback they had received in their EFL studies. Furthermore, the study seeks to discover students’ different responses to that feedback. The data was gathered using a web-based questionnaire filled out by 140 students. The students, aged 17–19, were all from a single Finnish upper secondary school. The data…

Do Physiological Responses and Personality Traits Relate to Auditory Perceptual Learning in Musicians and Non-Musicians?

2009

Peripheral nervous system can influence learning and memory functions by increasing the activity level (‘arousal’) of the system with increasing task difficulty. Several studies show that musicians discriminate auditory stimuli more effectively both neurally and behaviourally. Yet, the effects of individual peripheral nervous responses or personality during auditory learning have not been studied in musicians. In this paper, we show preliminary evidence on physiological differences between musicians and non-musicians during auditory perceptual learning. Results suggest that musicians have higher change in skin temperature and heart rate between resting state and active auditory discriminati…

Neural phoneme discrimination in variable speech in newborns – associations with dyslexia risk and later language skills

2023

AbstractA crucial skill in infant language acquisition is learning of the native language phonemes. This requires the ability to group complex sounds into distinct auditory categories based on their shared features. Problems in phonetic learning have been suggested to underlie language learning difficulties in dyslexia, a developmental reading-skill deficit. We investigated auditory abilities important for language acquisition in newborns with or without a familial risk for dyslexia with electrophysiological mismatch responses (MMRs). We presented vowel changes in a sequence of acoustically varying vowels, requiring grouping of the stimuli to two phoneme categories. The vowel changes elicit…

Shear and flexural strength of corroded R.C. beams

2016

Simplified equations aimed at evaluating the flexural and shear capacity of corroded R.C. beams are presented and discussed in this paper, with reference to ordinary beams reinforced both longitudinally (with same-size bars) and transversely (with stirrups). A model is developed to take care of diffused and localised corrosion (pitting corrosion), concrete decay in compression and bond-strength decay at concrete-reinforcement interface. A fairly innovative contribution of this study is the introduction into the proposed equations of the main parameters governing the corrosion processes. The proposed approach is simple and effective, and may be adopted in the assessment of many damaged struc…