Search results for "Retene"
showing 10 items of 24 documents
Dissolution of resin acids, retene and wood sterols from contaminated lake sediments.
2005
The dissolution potency of hydrophobic resin acids (RAs), retene and wood sterols from sediments was studied. These wood extractives and their metabolites are sorbed from pulp and paper mill effluents to downstream sediments. With harmful components like these, sediments can pose a hazard to the aquatic environment. Therefore, sediment elutriates with water were produced under variable conditions (agitation rate and efficiency, time), and concentrations of the dissoluted compounds were analyzed. Both naturally contaminated field sediments and artificially spiked sediments were studied. By vigorous agitation RAs can be released fast from the sediment matrix and equilibrium reached within 3 d…
Kirjoittamisen arkipäiväistäminen Pentti Saarikosken ja Mirkka Rekolan runoudessa
2014
Writing as Part of the Everyday in Pentti Saarikoski’s and Mirkka Rekola’s Poetry This article examines the processes of writing as part of the everyday in Pentti Saarikoski’s kuljen missa kuljen and Mirkka Rekola’s Ilo ja epasymmetria, both published in 1965. I argue that both collections make this process visible, and both authors thus actively participate in the discussion about poetry in the 1960s through their poetry. While Saarikoski’s poetry was appreciated as communicative, democratic poetry, Rekola’s writing was considered as old-fashioned modernist poetry – a characterization associated at the time also with Finnish-Swedish poetry. In this article, I show that despite the attitude…
Retene, pyrene and phenanthrene cause distinct molecular-level changes in the cardiac tissue of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) larvae, Part 2 – …
2020
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are global contaminants of concern. Despite several decades of research, their mechanisms of toxicity are not very well understood. Early life stages of fish are particularly sensitive with the developing cardiac tissue being a main target of PAHs toxicity. The mechanisms of cardiotoxicity of the three widespread model polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) retene, pyrene and phenanthrene were explored in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) early life stages. Newly hatched larvae were exposed to sublethal doses of each individual PAH causing no detectable morphometric alterations. Changes in the cardiac proteome and metabolome were assessed after 7 o…
Concentration of retene and resin acids in sedimenting particles collected from a bleached kraft mill effluent receiving lake
2000
Abstract The concentration of retene, a di-alkyl substituted PAH derived microbially and thermally from dehydroabietic acid, eight resin acids and their derivatives were analysed from sedimenting particles collected from five lake sites receiving pulp and paper mill effluents and from two reference sites. At five of the sites, samples were collected prior and after a conventional aerated lagoon wastewater treatment system of the mill was modernized with an activated sludge plant, and elemental chlorine free bleaching (ECF) had replaced chlorine bleaching. The highest level of retene was 30.0–53.8 μ g/g dry weight (d.w.), observed 3 km downstream from the mill. Nine kilometers downstream fr…
Different sensitivities of whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus) and northern pike (Esox lucius) eleutheroembryos to photoinduced toxicity of polycyclic ar…
2011
The photoinduced toxicity of two polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), retene (RET) and pyrene (PYR), to the eleutheroembryos of whitefish and northern pike was studied. Fish were exposed to three concentrations of RET and PYR, and irradiated with ultraviolet radiation (UVR) or visible light for 3 h on two consecutive days. UVR covered the absorption maxima of RET and PYR at UVB and UVA, the daily UVR doses were 30 and 28 kJ m−2, respectively. After 72 h, mortality and behavioral abnormalities were observed. Survivors were analyzed for the proteins of CYP1A, CYP3A, Hsp70, and the activity of glutathione reductase (GR). While neither PAHs nor UVR on their own were lethal, simultaneous exp…
Do Patients With Depression Prefer Literal or Metaphorical Expressions for Internal States? Evidence From Sentence Completion and Elicited Production
2018
In everyday communication metaphoric expressions are frequently used to refer to abstract concepts, such as feelings or mental states. Patients with depression are said to prefer literal over figurative language, i.e. they may show a concreteness bias. Given that both emotional functioning and the processing of figurative language may be altered in this clinical population, our study aims at investigating whether and how these dysfunctions are reflected in the understanding and production of metaphorical expressions for internal states. We used two behavioral approaches: a sentence completion task and elicited speech production. In the first experiment, patients with ICD 10 depression (n = …
The occurrence and bioavailability of retene and resin acids in sediments of a lake receiving BKME (bleached kraft mill effluent)
1999
Retene (7-isopropyl-1-methylphenantrene) is an alkyl substituted PAH derived primarily from bacterial aromatization of abietic type resin acids. Retene has been shown to induce cytochrome P450 1A in rainbow trout whereas e.g. dehydroabietic acid does not induce it. We analysed resin acids and retene in sediments from seven sites receiving pulp and paper mill effluents from 4 mills, and from two reference sites. All mills have employed treatment of waste waters by activated sludge. The highest concentration of retene measured in sediment was 1600 μg/g d.w. (11 700 μg/g organic carbon, OC) while the highest concentration of resin acids was 1500 μg/g d.w. (9 300 μg/g OC). Downstream from the p…
Occurrence of retene and resin acids in sediments and fish bile from a lake receiving pulp and paper mill effluents
1999
Retene (7-isopropyl−1-methylphenanthrene) is a dialkyl-substituted PAH derived thermally and microbially from dehydroabietic acid. We have analyzed for retene and several resin acids in sediments at five depths at several sites in a lake receiving effluents from three pulp and paper mills, and two upstream reference sites. The highest concentration of retene was 1,600 μg/g dry weight (11,700 μg/g organic carbon [OC]) and of total resin acids was 1,500 μg/g dry weight (9,300 μg/g OC). Twelve kilometers downstream from the point of bleached-kraft mill effluent (BKME) discharge, the concentration of retene at a depth of 5 to 10 cm was 16 μg/g dry weight (650 μg/g OC) and of resin acids was 139…
Sediment-associated retene bioavailability of sediment-associated retene to an oligochaete wormlumbriculus variegatus
2001
The bioavailability of retene spiked to two sediment concentrations (50 and 200 µg/g dry weight) was measured in long-term (28-day) bioaccumulation tests performed on the oligochaeteLumbriculus variegatus Muller. Three sediment organic carbon (SOC) concentrations (1.1, 3.0, 23.0% of dry weight) were used. Growth and reproduction, used as endpoints, indicated that retene was chronically nontoxic at the concentrations employed. Retene was clearly bioavailable, but bioaccumulated about 100 times less in the SOC-rich (23.0%) sediment than in the other two (SOC <3.0%). At the lower retene concentration, retene in the worms was undetectable in the high-SOC sediment. Based on final retene present …
High sensitivity of northern pike larvae to UV-B but no UV-photoinduced toxicity of retene
2003
In order to investigate whether increased UV-B radiation is a risk factor, a series of acute laboratory experiments was conducted with larval stages of the northern pike (Esox lucius L.), hatching in Nordic waters in May. Further, a comparative investigation on the acute phototoxicity of retene (7-isopropyl-1-methylphenanthrene), a PAH compound recently revealed to posses UV-B-induced phototoxicity in larval coregonids, was conducted with pike larvae. In semi-static experiment, larvae were pre-exposed to retene (3, 9, 30 and 82 microg/g), with relevant controls, for 24 h and then irradiated for 3 h once a day (two consecutive days) with three UV-B doses (CIE-weighted 1.0, 1.8 or 2.7 kJ/m2 p…