Search results for "Retinal"

showing 10 items of 631 documents

Kinetic and static perimetry after 16 years and additional OCT-A analysis in eyes with long-lasting optic disc drusen

2021

The aim of the study is to evaluate the progression of visual field (VF) defects over 16 years of observation and to assess abnormalities in vessels and retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness in patients with optic disc drusen (ODD). Both static automated perimetry (SAP) and semi-automated kinetic perimetry (SKP) were performed in 16 eyes of 8 patients (mean age 54 years) with ODD among 26 eyes of 13 patients examined 16 years before. The area of I2e, I4e, III4e, and V4e isopters was measured in deg2. The MD and PSD parameters were estimated using SAP. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) was additionally performed in 16 ODD eyes and 16 eyes of 8 healthy subjects to estimate…

MaleRetinal Ganglion CellsFovea Centralisgenetic structureschemistry.chemical_compoundNerve FibersAnimal CellsMedicine and Health SciencesMacula LuteaProspective StudiesNeuronsMultidisciplinaryStatistical ModelsOptic Disk DrusenStatisticsQAngiographyRMiddle AgedOptic disc drusenVisual fieldmedicine.anatomical_structurePhysical SciencesOptic nerveMedicineFemaleAnatomyCellular TypesTomography Optical CoherenceOptic discResearch ArticleLong lastingAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyOcular AnatomyScienceOptic DiskVision DisordersOptic DiscYoung AdultOcular SystemOphthalmologymedicineHumansAgedPlexusbusiness.industryFovea centralisBiology and Life SciencesRetinal VesselsRetinalOptic NerveCell Biologymedicine.diseaseeye diseasesCapillariesOphthalmologychemistryCellular NeuroscienceCase-Control StudiesCardiovascular AnatomyEyesBlood VesselsVisual Field Testssense organsVisual FieldsbusinessHeadMathematicsNeuroscience
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Comparison of Foveal, Macular, and Peripapillary Intraretinal Thicknesses Between Autism Spectrum Disorder and Neurotypical Subjects

2017

Purpose To compare thicknesses of intraretinal layers segmented by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and neurotypical (NT) individuals. Methods We performed 2 scans on 108 eyes from 54 participants (27 high-functioning ASD and 27 age- and sex-matched NT subjects): macular fast volume and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL). Macula was automatically segmented. The mean foveal and macular thickness of nine different layers and the thickness of nine pRNFL sectors were considered. Data from the right and left eyes were averaged for each participant. The results were compared between the ASD and NT groups. Associations betwee…

MaleRetinal Ganglion CellsFovea Centralismedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentgenetic structuresAutism Spectrum DisorderOptic DiskOptic diskNerve fiber layerYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesNerve Fibers0302 clinical medicineMacula LuteaFovealOphthalmologymental disordersmedicineHumansMacula LuteaProspective StudiesChildIntelligence TestsRetinabusiness.industryFovea centralismedicine.diseaseeye diseasesCross-Sectional Studiesmedicine.anatomical_structureAutism spectrum disorder030221 ophthalmology & optometryFemalesense organsbusinessTomography Optical Coherence030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeurotypicalInvestigative Opthalmology & Visual Science
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Complex Antibody Profile Changes in an Experimental Autoimmune Glaucoma Animal Model

2009

PURPOSE. Increased serum antibodies against heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) have been identified in patients with glaucoma. Immunization with HSP27 caused retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss in animals. The authors analyzed whether HSP27 immunization not only causes RGC loss but also affects systemic antibody patterns. METHODS. Rats were immunized with HSP27 and were surveyed for 4, 5, and 6 weeks (groups 1-3). Control animals were humanely killed after 6 weeks (group 4). Intraocular pressure was measured before and 2 and 4 weeks after immunization. Fundus images were taken at the same time. Retinal flatmounts were prepared, and Brn-3a labeled RGCs were counted. Serum was collected during the st…

MaleRetinal Ganglion CellsIntraocular pressurePathologymedicine.medical_specialtygenetic structuresBlotting WesternHSP27 Heat-Shock ProteinsGlaucomaAutoimmunityCell CountMass SpectrometryImmunoglobulin GAutoimmune DiseasesAndrologychemistry.chemical_compoundAntigenWestern blotAnimalsMedicineIntraocular PressureAutoantibodiesbiologymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryAutoantibodyGlaucomaRetinalmedicine.diseaseeye diseasesRatsDisease Models AnimalchemistryRats Inbred LewImmunoglobulin Gbiology.proteinsense organsAntibodybusinessInvestigative Opthalmology & Visual Science
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Chronic social defeat stress causes retinal vascular dysfunction

2021

Abstract Purpose The roles of vascular dysfunction and chronic stress have been extensively discussed in the pathophysiology of glaucoma. Our aim was to test whether chronic stress causes retinal vascular dysfunction and therewith induces retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) loss. Methods Twelve mice underwent chronic social defeat (CSD) stress, while 12 mice received control treatment only. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured with a rebound tonometer. Blood plasma corticosterone concentration and adrenal gland weight were used to assess stress levels. Brn-3a staining in retinas and PPD staining in optic nerve cross sections were conducted to assess the survival of RGCs and axons respectively.…

MaleRetinal Ganglion CellsIntraocular pressuremedicine.medical_specialtyCell SurvivalRetinal ArteryVideo RecordingVideo microscopyRetinal ganglionSocial DefeatMiceTonometry OcularCellular and Molecular Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compoundRetinal DiseasesCorticosteroneInternal medicineAnimalsMedicineChronic stressIntraocular PressureTranscription Factor Brn-3ARetinaDisorder of Sex Development 46XYAdrenal Hyperplasia CongenitalEndothelin-1business.industryOptic NerveRetinalActinsSensory SystemsMice Inbred C57BLDisease Models AnimalOphthalmologyEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryChronic DiseaseOptic nerveOcular Hypertensionsense organsCorticosteronebusinessStress PsychologicalExperimental Eye Research
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Repeated intraocular pressure measurement in awake Lewis rats does not bias retinal ganglion cell survival.

2010

The TonoPen applanation tonometry is an established method for intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement. The IOP is one of the main variables affecting retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss in experimental animal models in ophthalmology and the main risk factor for human glaucoma. In this study, we examined if IOP measurements with the TonoPen itself lead to retinal ganglion cell loss or any other possible retina damages, such as intraocular bleedings or ablation, in Lewis rats.Three groups of rats (n = 5 each) were formed. IOP monitoring, using a TonoPen XL, was performed on groups 1 and 3. Animals in groups 1 and 2 received funduscopies before and after one and two weeks of the study, in order t…

MaleRetinal Ganglion CellsIntraocular pressuremedicine.medical_specialtygenetic structuresCell SurvivalGlaucomaCell CountFundus (eye)Cellular and Molecular Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compoundTonometry OcularOphthalmologymedicineLewis ratsAnimalsIntraocular PressureRetinabusiness.industryRetinalmedicine.diseaseeye diseasesSensory SystemsGanglionRatsOphthalmologymedicine.anatomical_structureRetinal ganglion cellchemistryRats Inbred Lewsense organsbusinessCurrent eye research
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A two-year follow-up of oral antioxidant supplementation in primary open-angle glaucoma: an open-label, randomized, controlled trial

2014

Purpose To evaluate the effect of oral antioxidant supplementation (OAS) on primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) over a 2-year follow-up period. Patients and methods In this open-label, randomized controlled trial, 117 eyes of 117 patients with mild or moderate POAG and intraocular pressure under control with topical antiglaucoma medications were recruited and randomly divided into three groups according to supplementation: (1) OAS with (ICAPS R® – Alcon Laboratories, n = 26); (2) OAS without ω-3 fatty acids (OFTAN MACULA® – Laboratorios Esteve, n = 28); and (3) a control group without OAS (n = 63). They all underwent visual field (VF) tests (Humphrey 24-2) and scans using a Fourier-domain op…

MaleRetinal Ganglion CellsIntraocular pressuremedicine.medical_specialtygenetic structuresOpen angle glaucomaVisual AcuityAdministration OralGlaucomaAntioxidantslaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundNerve FibersRandomized controlled triallawOphthalmologyFatty Acids Omega-3medicineHumansProspective StudiesAntihypertensive AgentsIntraocular PressureAgedbusiness.industryRetinalGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseeye diseasesVisual fieldAbsolute deviationOphthalmologychemistryDietary SupplementsVisual Field TestsFemalesense organsVisual FieldsOpen labelbusinessGlaucoma Open-AngleTomography Optical CoherenceFollow-Up StudiesActa Ophthalmologica
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Enhanced characterization of serum autoantibody reactivity following HSP 60 immunization in a rat model of experimental autoimmune glaucoma.

2010

Antibodies against heat shock proteins have been identified in sera of human glaucoma patients in several studies and immunization with heat shock protein 60 (HSP 60) causes retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss in an animal model of experimental autoimmune glaucoma. The aim of this study was to observe the time course of increased anti-retina antibody appearance in the serum and characterize the identification of prominent autoantibodies that accompany HSP 60 immunization in a rat model of experimental autoimmune glaucoma.Eight weeks after immunization with HSP 60 retinal flatmounts were prepared and RGCs were counted in eight predefined areas and compared to controls. Serum collected before, a…

MaleRetinal Ganglion CellsPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyTime Factorsgenetic structuresGlaucomaDown-RegulationRetinaAutoimmune DiseasesCellular and Molecular Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compoundAntigenHeat shock proteinmedicineAnimalsAutoantibodiesbiologyAutoantibodyRetinalGlaucomaChaperonin 60medicine.diseaseeye diseasesSensory SystemsRatsUp-RegulationBlotOphthalmologychemistryImmunizationRats Inbred LewImmunologybiology.proteinImmunizationsense organsAntibodyCurrent eye research
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Occurrence of Retinal Ganglion Cell Loss via Autophagy and Apoptotic Pathways in an Autoimmune Glaucoma Model

2020

In glaucoma, an apoptotic death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) has been shown. However, little is known about other cell death mechanisms, like autophagy or necrosis. Therefore, we investigated these mechanisms in addition to antibody deposits in an experimental autoimmune glaucoma model.Rats were immunized with a retinal ganglion cell-layer homogenate (RGA), while controls received sodium chloride. Untreated rats served as natїve group. After seven weeks, retinal cross-sections were stained with antibodies against RGCs (Brn-3a), apoptosis (cleaved caspase 2, cleaved caspase 3 as well as caspase 3, 8, and 9), autophagy (LC3BII and LAMP1), and necrosis (RIPK3) followed by cell counts. Auto…

MaleRetinal Ganglion CellsProgrammed cell deathNecrosisgenetic structuresGlaucomaApoptosisAutoantigensRetinal ganglionAutoimmune Diseases03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular Neuroscience0302 clinical medicineMicroscopy Electron TransmissionAutophagymedicineAnimalsAutoantibodiesCaspase 8biologyCaspase 3business.industryAutophagyLysosome-Associated Membrane GlycoproteinsGlaucomamedicine.diseaseCaspase 9eye diseasesSensory SystemsRatsDisease Models AnimalOphthalmologymedicine.anatomical_structureMicroscopy FluorescenceRetinal ganglion cellRats Inbred LewApoptosisImmunoglobulin G030221 ophthalmology & optometryCancer researchbiology.proteinsense organsAntibodymedicine.symptombusinessMicrotubule-Associated Proteins030217 neurology & neurosurgeryCurrent Eye Research
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Optical coherence tomography angiography evaluation of peripapillary microvascular changes after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair

2021

PURPOSE To evaluate the radial peripapillary capillary plexus (RPCP) vessel density (VD) and the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in eyes successfully treated with pars plana vitrectomy for primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. METHODS In this cross-sectional multicenter clinical study, eyes with a minimum 12-month follow-up were reexamined. The RPCP VD and RNFL thickness in the rhegmatogenous retinal detachment subfields of the affected eye (study group) were compared with the corresponding areas of the healthy fellow eyes (control group). RESULTS Fifty-three eyes were included in the study. A significantly lower RPCP VD and RNFL thickness were observed in those subfields af…

MaleRetinal Ganglion Cellsgenetic structuresComputed Tomography Angiographymedicine.medical_treatmentNerve fiber layerVisual AcuityVitrectomyEyeradial peripapillary capillary plexuschemistry.chemical_compoundNerve FibersVitrectomyTomographyRetinal detachment repairRetinal detachmentGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedAxial Length Eyemedicine.anatomical_structureFemaleTomography Optical CoherencePars planamedicine.medical_specialtyBiometryOptic DiskEndotamponaderetinal detachmentOCT-angiography; Radial peripapillary capillary plexus; Retinal detachment; Retinal nerve fiber layer; Aged; Axial Length Eye; Biometry; Cross-Sectional Studies; Endotamponade; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nerve Fibers; Optic Disk; Retinal Detachment; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Retinal Vessels; Retrospective Studies; Visual Acuity; Computed Tomography Angiography; Tomography Optical Coherence; VitrectomyOphthalmologymedicineHumansAxial LengthAgedRetrospective StudiesRetinabusiness.industryradial peripapillary capillary plexus; OCT-angiography; retinal nerve fiber layer; retinal detachmentRetinal Vesselsretinal nerve fiber layerRetinalOptical coherence tomography angiographymedicine.diseaseeye diseasesOphthalmologyCross-Sectional StudieschemistryOptical Coherencesense organsOCT-angiographybusiness
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Retinal ganglion cell loss is accompanied by antibody depositions and increased levels of microglia after immunization with retinal antigens.

2012

BackgroundAntibodies against retinal and optic nerve antigens are detectable in glaucoma patients. Recent studies using a model of experimental autoimmune glaucoma demonstrated that immunization with certain ocular antigens causes an immun-mediated retinal ganglion cell loss in rats.Methodology/principal findingsRats immunized with a retinal ganglion cell layer homogenate (RGA) had a reduced retinal ganglion cell density on retinal flatmounts (p = 0.007) and a lower number of Brn3(+) retinal ganglion cells (p = 0.0001) after six weeks. The autoreactive antibody development against retina and optic nerve was examined throughout the study. The levels of autoreactive antibodies continuously in…

MaleRetinal Ganglion Cellsgenetic structuresGlaucomaAutoimmunityImmune PrivilegeAutoantigenschemistry.chemical_compoundNeurobiology of Disease and RegenerationImmune ResponseMultidisciplinaryCell DeathMicrogliaQRAnimal ModelsImmunizationsmedicine.anatomical_structureNeurologyRetinal ganglion cellOptic nerveMedicineMicrogliaImmunohistochemical AnalysisResearch ArticleHistologyImmune CellsScienceImmunologyImmunoglobulinsModel OrganismsAntigenmedicineAnimalsAntibody-Producing CellsBiologyAutoantibodiesRetinabusiness.industryImmunityAutoantibodyGlaucomaRetinalbiochemical phenomena metabolism and nutritionmedicine.diseaseeye diseasesRatsOphthalmologychemistryRats Inbred LewImmunologyImmunologic TechniquesNeuro-OphthalmologyRatClinical ImmunologyImmunizationsense organsbusinessNeurosciencePLoS ONE
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