Search results for "Return"

Improvement in yield and fruit size and quality of the main Italian table olive cultivar 'Nocellara del Belice'

2014

Olive (Olea europaea L.) shows alternate bearing, with unreliable cropping patterns and inconsistent fruit size and quality every year. In many countries, thinning with naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) is used to minimise alternate bearing behavior in olives. However, in Italy, growers are reluctant to employ this practice and no detailed knowledge is available for specific cultivars. We evaluated the effects of spraying NAA on various dates on the productive and vegetative characteristics of the main Italian table olive cultivar'Nocellara del Belice'. Trunk cross-sectional area, fruit set, fruit drop, fruit size, pit size, yield per tree, crop density and flesh to pit ratio were analysed. The …

Viaggi nell’immaginario: il turismo virtuale nel sito UNESCO di Tarragona

2023

Le nuove tecnologie hanno trasformato in modo radicale non solo la geografia come disciplina, ma anche le geografie del mondo. Il digitale ha assunto, infatti, un ruolo di mediazione sempre più pervasivo nella produzione dello spazio, come delle conoscenze e degli immaginari geografici. Le possibilità offerte dal virtuale, in particolare, offrono oggi un contributo decisivo nella comunicazione dei significati attribuiti ai luoghi e rispondono in modo sempre più efficace ai bisogni emergenti del settore turistico. Le esperienze di visita mediate dal digitale mirano a coinvolgere i sensi e risultano efficaci quando promuovono immersioni rigorosamente realistiche. Nel quadro di queste riflessi…

Elliptically Symmetric Distributions: A Review of Achieved Results and Open Issues

2005

The spherically and elliptically symmetrical distributions are used in different statistical areas for different purposes such as the description of multivariate data, in order to find alternatives to the normal distribution in multinormality tests and in the creation of statistical models in which the usual assumption of normality is not realistic. Some achieved results, open issues and some proposals for their use in applications, especially in the financial area, are here presented.

Computational aspects in 2D SBEM analysis with domain inelastic actions

2009

The Symmetric Boundary Element Method, applied to structures subjected to temperature and inelastic actions, shows singular domain integrals. In the present paper the strong singularity involved in the domain integrals of the stresses and tractions is removed, and by means of a limiting operation, this traction is evaluated on the boundary. First the weakly singular domain integral in the Somigliana Identity (S.I.) of the displacements is regularized and the singular integral is transformed into a boundary one using the Radial Integration Method; subsequently, using the differential operator applied to the displacement field, the S.I. of the tractions inside the body is obtained and through…

Selection of the Optimal Design Rainfall Return Period of Urban Drainage Systems

2014

Abstract The aim of this work is to define a methodology to identify the optimal rainfall return period for the design of urban drainage systems. The choice of the optimal return period is made minimizing the total costs of the system: the sewer network is dimensioned for a set of possible design rainfall return periods, and the corresponding construction, maintenance and operation costs are evaluated. For each scenario, the total expected damage from flooding caused by rainfall events with return period greater than the design one is then estimated by hydraulic simulation. This methodology has been applied to a small urban catchment in Palermo (Italy).

2019

Abstract This paper examines the labor-market returns to a new form of postsecondary vocational education: vocational master's degrees. We use individual fixed effects models on a matched sample of students and non-students from Finland to capture any time-invariant differences across individuals. We find that attendance in vocational master's programs leads to an earnings increase of more than seven percent five years after entry. The estimated effect remains positive even if selection on unobservables is twice as strong as selection on observables. Earnings gains are similar by gender and age, but they are marginally higher for those in the health sector than for those in the business or …

The Return-to-Entrepreneurship Puzzle

2013

The returns to entrepreneurship are monetary and non-monetary. We offer new evidence on these returns using a large sample of genetically identical male twins. Our within-twin analysis suggests that OLS estimates are downwards, and traditional first-differenced panel data estimates upwards biased. We find no differences in the earnings of men with either low or high education. Our within-twin analysis of non-monetary returns shows that entrepreneurs with low education work longer hours and have greater responsibilities, but also face a reduced risk of divorce and less monotonous work tasks. The same does not apply to highly educated entrepreneurs.

Return on capital in Spanish tourism businesses: A comparative analysis of family vs non-family businesses

2016

The analysis of the keys to competitiveness in the tourism sector has an unquestionable justification for its importance in the Spanish economy and its global growth prospects. The need for a better understanding of the keys to the competitiveness of the tourism firm is also fuelled by the magnitude of the challenges that it faces and by the sector structure, characterised by a notable weight of family-owned businesses. The objective of this research lies precisely in developing a diagnosis of the return on capital of the tourism sector and the determinants of its evolution in the family business (FB) vs non-family business (NFB). Specifically, this study focuses on the analysis of both fir…

Choosing to Work? Mothers Return-to-Work Decisions, Social Class, and the Local Labor Market

2015

The aim of this study is to examine the ways in which social class shapes the return-to-work decisions of Finnish working-class and middle-class mothers, and how these decisions are structured by the constraints and opportunities mothers face in the local labor market. The focus of the study is in the local labor market of the city of Jyväskylä. The data consist of two semi-structured focus group interviews of 14 employed mothers of below school-age children. Using the framework of “gendered moral rationalities,” the study shows that there are similarities in mothers’ experiences, while the structural constraints mothers faced when deciding about the timing of returning back to work differ.…

Sustainability of Public Pension Systems

2020

The aim of this chapter is to review the main instruments and indicators used to measure the sustainability of PAYG pension systems. It will distinguish between defined contribution and defined benefit systems, due to the various implications that each of them has. It will also be necessary to review the different types of sustainability instruments, for example, those based on cash criteria, financial criteria set by the economic cycle and actuarial criteria. For the actuarial criteria, we will review the criteria of the internal rate of return (IRR) and the actuarial balance. Subsequently, we will review which countries publish official pension system sustainability data and what kind of …