Search results for "Reuse"
showing 10 items of 240 documents
Significance and Current Status of Wastewater Reuse in Sicily
1991
In Sicily wastewater is being regarded as a supplemental source of water, especially for agricultural use, which represents the greatest demand at present and in the future. That is because water demand is already approaching total usable resources, and severe shortage is experienced almost everywhere and in every sector. To help overcome possible implementation problems due to high salinity and pollutant concentrations, lack in monitoring capabilities, and emotional public perception of possible health risks, major field research programs have been undertaken, including an experimental station with a pilot plant and a series of field plots.
Wastewater Treatments for the Food Industry: Biological Systems
2017
This chapter provides a general overview of biological wastewater remediation systems in the food industry. Water reuse systems are becoming more and more interesting and promising technologies, depending on merely quantitative estimations, physical and chemical features of pollutants and the variability of these characteristics, week after week. Different systems are available for the food industry. Several of these remediation systems may be subdivided into four categories depending on the peculiar removal operation, including biological systems. Biological techniques aim to reduce organic loads and the remaining suspended materials in wastewaters from primary processes (after a prelimina…
Wastewater Treatments for the Food Industry: Physical-Chemical Systems
2017
This chapter provides a general overview of physical–chemical wastewater remediation systems in the food industry. Water reuse systems are becoming more and more interesting and promising technologies, depending on merely quantitative estimations, physical and chemical features of pollutants and the variability of these characteristics, week after week. Different systems are available for the food industry, depending on the final destination or water effluents and peculiar chemical–physical and biological features of the fluids before treatment. Several of these remediation systems can be subdivided into different groups, depending on the desired amount of gross removed matters, or into fou…
Contaminant Mobilization from Polluted Soils: Behavior and Reuse of Leaching Solutions
2020
Soil and water contamination by toxic elements or molecules cause risks of chemical pollutions. These pollutions can heavily affect resources and activities of humans and ecosystems. By nature, the remediation of environmental pollutions is a constraint, because its application is hampered by high costs. Soil and groundwater remediation implements a variety of strategies, technologies, and practices to face the diversity and the complexity of every cases. Contaminant recovery is among the three main strategies implemented for the remediation of contaminated soils, and contaminant separation or mobilization by water is widely used for this purpose. As water solubility is the driving force of…
Environmental and economic profile of six typologies of wastewater treatment plants
2011
The objective of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is to prevent pollution. However, it is necessary to assess their sustainability in order to ensure that pollution is being removed, not displaced. In this research, the performance of 24 WWTPs has been evaluated using a streamlined Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) with Eutrophication Potential (EP) and Global Warming Potential (GWP) as environmental indicators, and operational costs as economic indicators. WWTPs were further classified in six typologies by their quality requirements according to their final discharge point or water reuse. Moreover, two different functional units (FU), one based on volume (m(3)) and the other on eutrophication…
Rainwater Reuse in Urban Areas: A Mathematical Model and a Long-Term Modelling Approach
2018
Natural water resources are becoming increasingly limited due to global-scale climate change and water availability issues have become so severe that they must be addressed. Given these issues, reuse of wastewater and rainwater provides a promising way to cope with water shortages. This paper describes an investigation into the efficiency of rainwater usage systems. A conceptual model was built to assess the behaviour of rainwater tanks and their effectiveness in coping with water shortages. The study is based on a long-term simulation (12 years) of different rainwater reuse tank schemes. The associated reductions in residential freshwater demand (water reuse efficiency) and wet-weather run…
Treatment of high strength industrial wastewater with membrane bioreactors for water reuse: Effect of pre-treatment with aerobic granular sludge on s…
2019
Abstract In this study, the treatment of citrus wastewater with membrane bioreactors (MBRs) under different configurations was investigated for water reuse. In particular, one MBR and one aerobic granular sludge MBR (AGS + MBR) bench scale plants were operated for 60 days. The experimental campaign was divided into two periods. In Phase I, a conventional hollow fiber MBR was employed for the treatment of the raw high strength wastewater, whereas in Phase II a combination of in-series reactors (AGS + MBR) was adopted for the treatment of the high strength citrus wastewater The results demonstrated that both plant configurations enabled very high COD removal, with average values close to 99%.…
Method fragments for agent design methodologies: from standardisation to research
2007
The method engineering paradigm enables designers to reuse portions of design processes (called method fragments or chunks in literature) to build processes that are expressly tailored for realising a system that is specific for some problem or development context. This paper initially reports on the standardisation attempt carried out by the FIPA Methodology Technical Committee (TC) and then presents the research activities we did starting from that work; these resulted in a slightly different definition of some of the most important elements of the approach in order to support a multiview representation of the fragment (the views are process, reuse, storing and implementation). The paper …
Creating a sustainable digital infrastructure: The role of service-oriented architecture
2021
Abstract The United Nations’ goal of generating sustainable industry, innovation, and infrastructure is the point of departure for our reflective paper. The paper elaborates on the concepts of digital infrastructure, service-oriented architecture, and microservices. It emphasizes the benefits and challenges of creating a sustainable infrastructure based on a service-oriented environment, in which cloud services constitute an important part. We outline the prerequisites for obtaining a sustainable digital infrastructure based on services. Service-oriented architecture (SOA) and recently, microservice architecture, and cloud services, can provide organizations with the improved agility and fl…
Contributions Regarding the Reduction of Production Costs for Brewing by Recovering and Reusing the Carbon Dioxide
2014
Abstract Nowadays in every field the main aim is to produce corresponding quality products at competitive prices for buyers. In addition to the multiple possibilities to reduce the brewing production cost, one of the most significant ways is to reduce the production cost by recovering the carbon dioxide (CO2) resulting from the fermentation of beer, taking into account the fact that the CO2 thus resulting is completely natural. This scientific paper presents a certain strategy based on costs, strategy which relies on the experience of the authors, on the economic impact of CO2 recovery resulting from the fermentation of beer and which reflects itself in the production cost and implicitly in…