Search results for "Review"
showing 10 items of 4492 documents
Evaluation of Standard Precautions Compliance Instruments: A Systematic Review Using COSMIN Methodology
2023
Background: Standard precautions (SPs) are first-line strategies with a dual goal: to protect health care workers from occupational contamination while providing care to infected patients and to prevent/reduce health care-associated infections (HAIs). This study aimed at (1) identifying the instruments currently available for measuring healthcare professionals’ compliance with standard precautions; (2) evaluating their measurement properties; and (3) providing sound evidence for instrument selection for use by researchers, teachers, staff trainers, and clinical tutors. Methods: We carried out a systematic review to examine the psychometric properties of standard precautions self-assessment …
Systematic review of prosocial behavior measures
2018
Measuring prosocial conduct, just as other constructs which are relevant for psychological adjustment, requires a base of knowledge which is orderly and up-to-date, which helps to identify and methodological aspects for its construction. The objective of this study is to identify the instruments for measuring prosocial behavior which are available today in the empirical literature, as well as to analyze their characteristics and psychometric properties.In this study, the bibliographic search was carried out on the databases of web of science (WOS) and Dialnet from 1900 to 2017 with special emphasis on the last decade. Sixteen instruments relevant to prosocial behavior were chosen describing…
Métodos para la caracterización del sistema de revisión por pares de artículos científicos
2022
El proceso de revisión por pares constituye una pieza clave de los engranajes que componen el sistema de publicación de la ciencia. Este vela por la calidad, integridad, reproducibilidad y robustez de los trabajos que se envían a las revistas científicas y es objeto continuo de estudio y discusión en la comunidad científica, involucrando a autores, editores y revisores en una tarea conjunta plagada de procesos sociales que se manifiestan a modo de negociación entre las diferentes partes, asumiendo el editor el papel de árbitro. A su vez, el proceso de revisión por pares es la insignia de calidad de las propias revistas. Mantener unos altos estándares y hacer del sistema de revisión un eleme…
The Role of the Skeletal Muscle Secretome in Mediating Endurance and Resistance Training Adaptations
2021
Exercise, in the form of endurance or resistance training, leads to specific molecular and cellular adaptions not only in skeletal muscles, but also in many other organs such as the brain, liver, fat or bone. In addition to direct effects of exercise on these organs, the production and release of a plethora of different signaling molecules from skeletal muscle are a centerpiece of systemic plasticity. Most studies have so far focused on the regulation and function of such myokines in acute exercise bouts. In contrast, the secretome of long-term training adaptation remains less well understood, and the contribution of non-myokine factors, including metabolites, enzymes, microRNAs or mitochon…
Intervenciones educativas que favorecen la autoestima en el alumnado de Educación Infantil y Educación Primaria: Una revisión sistemática
2022
La educación emocional y la autoestima son esenciales para el desarrollo integral de los niños y niñas, por ello son necesarios programas educativos eficaces en la escuela a edades tempranas. El objetivo de esta revisión sistemática es analizar las intervenciones que trabajan el fomento de la autoestima existentes en el ámbito de la Educación Infantil y Educación Primaria, y examinar cuál de ellas resultan más efectivas. Tras realizar la búsqueda de literatura en las bases de datos Psicodoc, PsycInfo y Eric, se incluyen 5 estudios que cumplen los criterios de inclusión en dicha revisión sistemática. Los resultados muestran un aumento significativo de la autoestima en el 80% de los programas…
Implementation and Outcomes of Lay Health Worker–led Self-management Interventions for Long-Term Conditions and Prevention: A Systematic Review
2019
The aim of this study was to systematically review lay health worker (LHW)–led self-management interventions for adults with long-term conditions to see how the interventions have been implemented and to compose a synthesis of research findings, taking into consideration the intervention components that have been applied. We conducted systematic searches for articles published between January 2010 and December 2015 in five databases: Cochrane, MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Web of Science. Forty original studies were found that met the inclusion criteria: self-management with diabetes (n = 29), cardiovascular diseases (n = 8), and those at risk of cardiovascular diseases (n = 3). These cons…
Raccontare lo street food in viaggio: critica del giudizio turistico
2022
This paper is about tourist reviews of a specific gastronomic universe: street food. Specifically, I will deal with reviews from the Tripadvisor platform dedicated to street food places in the city of Palermo. The idea of focusing on reviews comes from the hypothesis that, since this type of textuality is an utterance at the end of a path, and is therefore the Sanction in narrative terms, we can reconstruct from reviews, by presupposition, the value systems that the enunciator-tourist projects on the gastronomic experience. That is, if there is a judgment it is because there is a preceding Contract, more or less explicit, very often implicit, that is grounded in a set of values that constit…
Bcl-xL as a Modulator of Senescence and Aging
2021
Many features of aging result from the incapacity of cells to adapt to stress conditions. When cells are overwhelmed by stress, they can undergo senescence to avoid unrestricted growth of damaged cells. Recent findings have proven that cellular senescence is more than that. A specific grade of senescence promotes embryo development, tissue remodeling and wound healing. However, constant stresses and a weakening immune system can lead to senescence chronicity with aging. The accumulation of senescent cells is directly related to tissue dysfunction and age-related pathologies. Centenarians, the most aged individuals, should accumulate senescent cells and suffer from their deleterious effects,…
The hidden burden of severe asthma: from patient perspective to new opportunities for clinicians
2020
Severe asthma is an important topic in respiratory diseases, due to its high impact on morbidity and mortality as well as on health-care resources. The many challenges that still exist in the management of the most difficult-to-treat forms of the disease, and the acknowledgement of the existence of unexplored areas in the pathophysiological mechanisms and the therapeutic targets represent an opportunity to gather experts in the field with the immediate goals to summarize current understanding about the natural history of severe asthma and to identify gaps in knowledge and research opportunities, with the aim to contribute to improved medical care and health outcomes. This article is a conse…
Role of Biological Sex in the Cardiovascular-Gut Microbiome Axis
2022
There has been a recent, unprecedented interest in the role of gut microbiota in host health and disease. Technological advances have dramatically expanded our knowledge of the gut microbiome. Increasing evidence has indicated a strong link between gut microbiota and the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). In the present article, we discuss the contribution of gut microbiota in the development and progression of CVD. We further discuss how the gut microbiome may differ between the sexes and how it may be influenced by sex hormones. We put forward that regulation of microbial composition and function by sex might lead to sex-biased disease susceptibility, thereby offering a mechani…